SARS-CoV-2: a storm is raging.
Savannah F. Pedersen,Ya Chi Ho +1 more
TLDR
Overall, this study characterized the cytokine storm in severe COVID-19 and provides insights into immune therapeutics and vaccine design and the authors found that respiratory distress on admission is associated with unfavorable outcomes.Abstract:
The pandemic coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is rapidly spreading across the globe. In this issue of the JCI, Chen and colleagues compared the clinical and immunological characteristics between moderate and severe COVID-19. The authors found that respiratory distress on admission is associated with unfavorable outcomes. Increased cytokine levels (IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α), lymphopenia (in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells), and decreased IFN-γ expression in CD4+ T cells are associated with severe COVID-19. Overall, this study characterized the cytokine storm in severe COVID-19 and provides insights into immune therapeutics and vaccine design.read more
Citations
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Can endolysosomal deacidification and inhibition of autophagy prevent severe COVID-19?
Gerwyn Morris,Eugene Athan,Ken Walder,Chiara C. Bortolasci,Adrienne O'Neil,Wolf Marx,Michael Berk,André F. Carvalho,Michael Maes,Basant K. Puri +9 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that further pharmacological inhibition of autophagy might encourage the apoptotic clearance of SARS-CoV-2-infected cells, and inhibited endosomal toll-like receptors could contribute to a systemic inflammatory cytokine storm associated with a worsened clinical outcome in COVID-19.
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Candidate Psychotropics against SARS - CoV - 2: A Narrative Review.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provided an extensive review of the clinical and preclinical evidence on the psychotropics' anti-SARS-CoV-2 effects, giving an insight into their potential applications for patients with a proven or high likelihood of COVID-19 pneumonia.
Journal ArticleDOI
COVID-19 as a mediator of interferon deficiency and hyperinflammation: Rationale for the use of JAK1/2 inhibitors in combination with interferon.
Hans Carl Hasselbalch,Vibe Skov,Laura Kofoed Kjær,Christina Ellervik,A. Poulsen,T.D. Poulsen,Claus Henrik Nielsen +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the rationale for treatment with IFNs (alpha2 or beta) and ruxolitinib emphasizing the urgent need to explore these agents in the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 - both as monotherapies and in combination.
Journal ArticleDOI
Tocilizumab use in patients with moderate to severe COVID-19: A retrospective cohort study.
Sridhar Chilimuri,Haozhe Sun,Ahmed Alemam,Kyoung-Sil Kang,Peter Lao,Nikhitha Mantri,Lawrence Schiller,Myroslava Sharabun,Elona Shehi,Jairo Tejada,Alla Yugay,Suresh Kumar Nayudu +11 more
TL;DR: It is hypothesized that modulating IL‐6 levels or its effects with tocilizumab, a recombinant humanized anti‐IL‐6 receptor monoclonal antibody, may alter the course of disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
Analysis of Host Immunological Response of Adenovirus-Based COVID-19 Vaccines.
Suzan Farhang-Sardroodi,Chapin S. Korosec,Samaneh Gholami,Morgan Craig,Iain R. Moyles,Mohammad Sajjad Ghaemi,Hsu Kiang Ooi,Jane M. Heffernan +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the impact of different prime-boost strategies by quantifying their effects on immunological outcomes based on simple system of ordinary differential equations, and concluded that an SD/LD regimen may provide protective capacity, which will allow for conservation of vaccine doses.
References
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Early Transmission Dynamics in Wuhan, China, of Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia.
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TL;DR: There is evidence that human-to-human transmission has occurred among close contacts since the middle of December 2019 and considerable efforts to reduce transmission will be required to control outbreaks if similar dynamics apply elsewhere.
Journal ArticleDOI
Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding.
Roujian Lu,Xiang Zhao,Juan Li,Peihua Niu,Bo Yang,Honglong Wu,Wenling Wang,Hao Song,Baoying Huang,Na Zhu,Yuhai Bi,Xuejun Ma,Faxian Zhan,Liang Wang,Tao Hu,Hong Zhou,Zhenhong Hu,Weimin Zhou,Li Zhao,Jing Chen,Yao Meng,Ji Wang,Yang Lin,Jianying Yuan,Zhihao Xie,Jinmin Ma,William J. Liu,Dayan Wang,Wenbo Xu,Edward C. Holmes,George F. Gao,George F. Gao,Guizhen Wu,Weijun Chen,Weifeng Shi,Wenjie Tan,Wenjie Tan +36 more
TL;DR: The phylogenetic analysis suggests that bats might be the original host of this virus, an animal sold at the seafood market in Wuhan might represent an intermediate host facilitating the emergence of the virus in humans.
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