Journal ArticleDOI
Towards global patterns in the diversity and community structure of ectomycorrhizal fungi
Leho Tedersoo,Leho Tedersoo,Mohammad Bahram,Mart Toots,Abdala G. Diedhiou,Terry W. Henkel,Rasmus Kjøller,Melissa H. Morris,Kazuhide Nara,Eduardo Nouhra,Kabir G. Peay,Sergei Põlme,Sergei Põlme,Martin Ryberg,Matthew E. Smith,Matthew E. Smith,Urmas Kõljalg,Urmas Kõljalg +17 more
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TLDR
A global analysis to disentangle the global determinants of diversity and community composition for ectomycorrhizal fungi-microbial symbionts that play key roles in plant nutrition in most temperate and many tropical forest ecosystems provides useful biogeographic and ecological hypotheses for explaining the distribution of fungi.Abstract:
Global species richness patterns of soil micro-organisms remain poorly understood compared to macro-organisms. We use a global analysis to disentangle the global determinants of diversity and community composition for ectomycorrhizal (EcM) fungi—microbial symbionts that play key roles in plant nutrition in most temperate and many tropical forest ecosystems. Host plant family has the strongest effect on the phylogenetic community composition of fungi, whereas temperature and precipitation mostly affect EcM fungal richness that peaks in the temperate and boreal forest biomes, contrasting with latitudinal patterns of macro-organisms. Tropical ecosystems experience rapid turnover of organic material and have weak soil stratification, suggesting that poor habitat conditions may contribute to the relatively low richness of EcM fungi, and perhaps other soil biota, in most tropical ecosystems. For EcM fungi, greater evolutionary age and larger total area of EcM host vegetation may also contribute to the higher diversity in temperate ecosystems. Our results provide useful biogeographic and ecological hypotheses for explaining the distribution of fungi that remain to be tested by involving next-generation sequencing techniques and relevant soil metadata.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Global diversity and geography of soil fungi
Leho Tedersoo,Mohammad Bahram,Sergei Põlme,Urmas Kõljalg,Nourou S. Yorou,Ravi L. C. Wijesundera,Luis Villarreal Ruiz,Aída M. Vasco-Palacios,Pham Q uang Thu,Ave Suija,Matthew E. Smith,Cathy Sharp,Erki Saluveer,Alessandro Saitta,Miguel Rosas,Taavi Riit,David A. Ratkowsky,Karin Pritsch,Kadri Põldmaa,Meike Piepenbring,Cherdchai Phosri,Marko Peterson,Kaarin Parts,Kadri Pärtel,Eveli Otsing,Eduardo Nouhra,André Ledoux Njouonkou,R. Henrik Nilsson,Luis N. Morgado,Jordan R. Mayor,Tom W. May,Luiza Majuakim,D. Jean Lodge,Su S ee Lee,Karl-Henrik Larsson,Petr Kohout,Kentaro Hosaka,Indrek Hiiesalu,Terry W. Henkel,Helery Harend,Liang-Dong Guo,Alina Greslebin,Gwen Grelet,József Geml,Genevieve Gates,W. Dunstan,Chris W. Dunk,Rein Drenkhan,John Dearnaley,André De Kesel,Tan Dang,Xin Chen,Franz Buegger,Francis Q. Brearley,Gregory Bonito,Sten Anslan,Sandra E. Abell,Kessy Abarenkov +57 more
TL;DR: Diversity of most fungal groups peaked in tropical ecosystems, but ectomycorrhizal fungi and several fungal classes were most diverse in temperate or boreal ecosystems, and manyfungal groups exhibited distinct preferences for specific edaphic conditions (such as pH, calcium, or phosphorus).
Journal ArticleDOI
Belowground biodiversity and ecosystem functioning
TL;DR: Recent progress in understanding belowground biodiversity and its role in determining the ecological and evolutionary responses of terrestrial ecosystems to current and future environmental change are reviewed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mycorrhizal ecology and evolution: the past, the present, and the future
Marcel G. A. van der Heijden,Marcel G. A. van der Heijden,Francis Martin,Marc-André Selosse,Ian R. Sanders +4 more
TL;DR: Large-scale molecular surveys have provided novel insights into the diversity, spatial and temporal dynamics of mycorrhizal fungal communities, and network theory makes it possible to analyze interactions between plant-fungal partners as complex underground multi-species networks.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global assessment of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus diversity reveals very low endemism
John Davison,Mari Moora,Maarja Öpik,Alok Adholeya,Leho Ainsaar,Amadou Moustapha Bâ,S. Burla,Abdala G. Diedhiou,Inga Hiiesalu,Inga Hiiesalu,Teele Jairus,Nancy Collins Johnson,A. Kane,Kadri Koorem,Mandira Kochar,C. Ndiaye,Meelis Pärtel,Ülle Reier,Ülle Saks,Reena Singh,Martti Vasar,Martin Zobel +21 more
TL;DR: The wide distribution of plant-root fungal symbionts seems to be driven by recent dispersal rather than ancient tectonics, and it is suggested that the biogeography of AM fungi is driven by unexpectedly efficient dispersal, probably via both abiotic and biotic vectors, including humans.
Journal ArticleDOI
The global soil community and its influence on biogeochemistry
Thomas W. Crowther,J. van den Hoogen,Joe Wan,Melanie A. Mayes,Melanie A. Mayes,Ashley D. Keiser,Ashley D. Keiser,Lidong Mo,Colin Averill,Colin Averill,Daniel S. Maynard +10 more
TL;DR: The state of science relating soil organisms to biogeochemical processes is reviewed, focusing particularly on the importance of microbial community variation on decomposition and turnover of soil organic matter.
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Journal ArticleDOI
Pyrosequencing-based assessment of soil pH as a predictor of soil bacterial community structure at the continental scale.
TL;DR: The results suggest that the structure of soil bacterial communities is predictable, to some degree, across larger spatial scales, and the effect of soil pH on bacterial community composition is evident at even relatively coarse levels of taxonomic resolution.
Journal ArticleDOI
A high-resolution data set of surface climate over global land areas
TL;DR: In this paper, the construction of a 10' latitude/longitude data set of mean monthly sur-face climate over global land areas, excluding Antarctica, was described, which includes 8 climate conditions: precipitation, wet-day frequency, temperature, diurnal temperature range, relative humid-ity, sunshine duration, ground frost frequency and windspeed.
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