George E. Liu

TL;DR: To understand the biology and evolution of ruminants, the cattle genome was sequenced to about sevenfold coverage and provides a resource for understanding mammalian evolution and accelerating livestock genetic improvement for milk and meat production.

TL;DR: Data show that cattle have undergone a rapid recent decrease in effective population size from a very large ancestral population, possibly due to bottlenecks associated with domestication, selection, and breed formation.

TL;DR: This assembly represents a ∼400-fold improvement in continuity due to properly assembled gaps, compared to the previously published C. hircus assembly, and better resolves repetitive structures longer than 1 kb, representing the largest repeat family and immune gene complex yet produced for an individual of a ruminant species.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that improved continuity of assembled sequence warrants the adoption of ARS-UCD1.2 as the new cattle reference genome and that increased assembly accuracy will benefit future research on this species.

TL;DR: The first systematic and genome-wide analysis of copy number variations (CNVs) in modern domesticated cattle using array comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH), quantitative PCR (qPCR), and fluorescent in situ Hybridization (FISH) is described.