Institution
IBM
Company•Armonk, New York, United States•
About: IBM is a company organization based out in Armonk, New York, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Layer (electronics) & Signal. The organization has 134567 authors who have published 253905 publications receiving 7458795 citations. The organization is also known as: International Business Machines Corporation & Big Blue.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: The authors argue that value is fundamentally derived and determined in use -the integration and application of resources in a specific context, rather than in exchange, embedded in firm output and captured by price.
2,861 citations
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IBM1
TL;DR: It is shown that the procedure derived in this paper yields an approximation of a minimum difference in information when applied to empirical observations from an unknown distribution of tree dependence, and the procedure is the maximum-likelihood estimate of the distribution.
Abstract: A method is presented to approximate optimally an n -dimensional discrete probability distribution by a product of second-order distributions, or the distribution of the first-order tree dependence. The problem is to find an optimum set of n - 1 first order dependence relationship among the n variables. It is shown that the procedure derived in this paper yields an approximation of a minimum difference in information. It is further shown that when this procedure is applied to empirical observations from an unknown distribution of tree dependence, the procedure is the maximum-likelihood estimate of the distribution.
2,854 citations
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TL;DR: ‘mono-molecular’ electronics, in which a single molecule will integrate the elementary functions and interconnections required for computation, is proposed.
Abstract: The semiconductor industry has seen a remarkable miniaturization trend, driven by many scientific and technological innovations. But if this trend is to continue, and provide ever faster and cheaper computers, the size of microelectronic circuit components will soon need to reach the scale of atoms or molecules—a goal that will require conceptually new device structures. The idea that a few molecules, or even a single molecule, could be embedded between electrodes and perform the basic functions of digital electronics—rectification, amplification and storage—was first put forward in the mid-1970s. The concept is now realized for individual components, but the economic fabrication of complete circuits at the molecular level remains challenging because of the difficulty of connecting molecules to one another. A possible solution to this problem is ‘mono-molecular’ electronics, in which a single molecule will integrate the elementary functions and interconnections required for computation.
2,853 citations
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IBM1
TL;DR: This work demonstrates ultrafast transistor-based photodetectors made from single- and few-layer graphene that do not degrade for optical intensity modulations up to 40 GHz and suggests that the intrinsic bandwidth may exceed 500 GHz.
Abstract: Graphene research so far has focused on electronic rather than photonic applications, in spite of its impressive optical properties. These include its ability to absorb approximately 2% of incident light over a broad wavelength range despite being just one atom thick. Here, we demonstrate ultrafast transistor-based photodetectors made from single- and few-layer graphene. The photoresponse does not degrade for optical intensity modulations up to 40 GHz, and further analysis suggests that the intrinsic bandwidth may exceed 500 GHz. The generation and transport of photocarriers in graphene differ fundamentally from those in photodetectors made from conventional semiconductors as a result of the unique photonic and electronic properties of the graphene. This leads to a remarkably high bandwidth, zero source-drain bias and dark current operation, and good internal quantum efficiency.
2,840 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the bond-orientational order in molecular-dynamics simulations of supercooled liquids and in models of metallic glasses and found that the order is predominantly icosahedral, although there is also a cubic component which they attribute to the periodic boundary conditions.
Abstract: Bond-orientational order in molecular-dynamics simulations of supercooled liquids and in models of metallic glasses is studied. Quadratic and third-order invariants formed from bond spherical harmonics allow quantitative measures of cluster symmetries in these systems. A state with short-range translational order, but extended correlations in the orientations of particle clusters, starts to develop about 10% below the equilibrium melting temperature in a supercooled Lennard-Jones liquid. The order is predominantly icosahedral, although there is also a cubic component which we attribute to the periodic boundary conditions. Results are obtained for liquids cooled in an icosahedral pair potential as well. Only a modest amount of orientational order appears in a relaxed Finney dense-random-packing model. In contrast, we find essentially perfect icosahedral bond correlations in alternative "amorphon" cluster models of glass structure.
2,832 citations
Authors
Showing all 134658 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Zhong Lin Wang | 245 | 2529 | 259003 |
Anil K. Jain | 183 | 1016 | 192151 |
Hyun-Chul Kim | 176 | 4076 | 183227 |
Rodney S. Ruoff | 164 | 666 | 194902 |
Tobin J. Marks | 159 | 1621 | 111604 |
Jean M. J. Fréchet | 154 | 726 | 90295 |
Albert-László Barabási | 152 | 438 | 200119 |
György Buzsáki | 150 | 446 | 96433 |
Stanislas Dehaene | 149 | 456 | 86539 |
Philip S. Yu | 148 | 1914 | 107374 |
James M. Tour | 143 | 859 | 91364 |
Thomas P. Russell | 141 | 1012 | 80055 |
Naomi J. Halas | 140 | 435 | 82040 |
Steven G. Louie | 137 | 777 | 88794 |
Daphne Koller | 135 | 367 | 71073 |