IBM

About: IBM is a company organization based out in Armonk, New York, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Layer (electronics) & Signal. The organization has 134567 authors who have published 253905 publications receiving 7458795 citations. The organization is also known as: International Business Machines Corporation & Big Blue.

Mobile crowdsensing: current state and future challenges

Abstract: An emerging category of devices at the edge of the Internet are consumer-centric mobile sensing and computing devices, such as smartphones, music players, and in-vehicle sensors. These devices will fuel the evolution of the Internet of Things as they feed sensor data to the Internet at a societal scale. In this article, we examine a category of applications that we term mobile crowdsensing, where individuals with sensing and computing devices collectively share data and extract information to measure and map phenomena of common interest. We present a brief overview of existing mobile crowdsensing applications, explain their unique characteristics, illustrate various research challenges, and discuss possible solutions. Finally, we argue the need for a unified architecture and envision the requirements it must satisfy.

Grid services for distributed system integration

Abstract: Increasingly, computing addresses collaboration, data sharing, and interaction modes that involve distributed resources, resulting in an increased focus on the interconnection of systems both within and across enterprises. These evolutionary pressures have led to the development of Grid technologies. The authors' work focuses on the nature of the services that respond to protocol messages. Grid provides an extensible set of services that can be aggregated in various ways to meet the needs of virtual organizations, which themselves can be defined in part by the services they operate and share.

Keying Hash Functions for Message Authentication

Abstract: The use of cryptographic hash functions like MD5 or SHA-1 for message authentication has become a standard approach in many applications, particularly Internet security protocols. Though very easy to implement, these mechanisms are usually based on ad hoc techniques that lack a sound security analysis. We present new, simple, and practical constructions of message authentication schemes based on a cryptographic hash function. Our schemes, NMAC and HMAC, are proven to be secure as long as the underlying hash function has some reasonable cryptographic strengths. Moreover we show, in a quantitative way, that the schemes retain almost all the security of the underlying hash function. The performance of our schemes is essentially that of the underlying hash function. Moreover they use the hash function (or its compression function) as a black box, so that widely available library code or hardwair can be used to implement them in a simple way, and replaceability of the underlying hash function is easily supported.

Optimization by Simulated Annealing: Quantitative Studies

Abstract: Simulated annealing is a stochastic optimization procedure which is widely applicable and has been found effective in several problems arising in computeraided circuit design. This paper derives the method in the context of traditional optimization heuristics and presents experimental studies of its computational efficiency when applied to graph partitioning and traveling salesman problems.