University of California, Irvine

About: University of California, Irvine is a education organization based out in Irvine, California, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Galaxy. The organization has 47031 authors who have published 113602 publications receiving 5521832 citations. The organization is also known as: UC Irvine & UCI.

Finding the k shortest paths

Abstract: We give algorithms for finding the k shortest paths (not required to be simple) connecting a pair of vertices in a digraph. Our algorithms output an implicit representation of these paths in a digraph with n vertices and m edges, in time O(m+n log n+k). We can also find the k shortest paths from a given source s to each vertex in the graph, in total time O(m+n log n+kn). We describe applications to dynamic programming problems including the knapsack problem, sequence alignment, and maximum inscribed polygons. >

Pharmacological characterization of five cloned voltage-gated K+ channels, types Kv1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.5, and 3.1, stably expressed in mammalian cell lines.

Abstract: We have analyzed the biophysical and pharmacological properties of five cloned K+ (Kv) channels (Kv1.1, Kv1.2, Kv1.3, Kv1.5, and Kv3.1) stably expressed in mammalian cell lines. Kv1.1 is biophysically similar to a K+ channel in C6 glioma cells and astrocytes, Kv1.3 and Kv3.1 have electrophysiological properties identical to those of the types n and l K+ channels in T cells, respectively, and Kv1.5 closely resembles a rapidly activating delayed rectifier in the heart. Each of these native channels may be formed from the homomultimeric association of the corresponding Kv subunits, and pharmacological compounds that selectively modulate them may be useful for the treatment of neurological, immune, and cardiac disorders. The cell lines described in this report could be used to identify such drugs and we have therefore embarked on a pharmacological characterization of the five cloned channels. The compounds tested in this study include 4-aminopyridine, capsaicin, charybdotoxin, cromakalim, dendrotoxin, diltiazem, D-sotalol, flecainide, kaliotoxin, mast cell degranulating peptide, nifedipine, noxiustoxin, resiniferatoxin, and tetraethylammonium.

Rapid exchange between soil carbon and atmospheric carbon dioxide driven by temperature change

Abstract: Comparison of 14C (carbon-14) in archived (pre-1963) and contemporary soils taken along an elevation gradient in the Sierra Nevada, California, demonstrates rapid (7 to 65 years) turnover for 50 to 90 percent of carbon in the upper 20 centimeters of soil (A horizon soil carbon). Carbon turnover times increased with elevation (decreasing temperature) along the Sierra transect. This trend was consistent with results from other locations, which indicates that temperature is a dominant control of soil carbon dynamics. When extrapolated to large regions, the observed relation between carbon turnover and temperature suggests that soils should act as significant sources or sinks of atmospheric carbon dioxide in response to global temperature changes.