University of Colorado Colorado Springs

About: University of Colorado Colorado Springs is a education organization based out in Colorado Springs, Colorado, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 6664 authors who have published 10872 publications receiving 323416 citations. The organization is also known as: UCCS & University of Colorado at Colorado Springs.

Selenium sediment toxicity thresholds and derivation of water quality criteria for freshwater biota of western streams

Abstract: Waterborne and sediment selenium (Se) data, in conjunction with selected physicochemical parameters, were collected from streams of the middle Arkansas River basin, Colorado, USA, to examine the factors affecting sediment Se accumulation in a lotic environment. An empirical model of dissolved-to-sediment Se transfer in western streams, as an interactive function of sediment organic carbon content, was developed and validated. Sediment Se and associated biological effects data were compiled from the literature, to provide an estimate of sediment Se concentration thresholds that have biological effects. Based on this preliminary analysis, sediment Se concentrations of 2.5 {micro}g/g would be a threshold based on predicted effects and concentrations of 4.0 {micro}g/g would be the observed threshold for dish and wildlife toxicity. The dissolved-to-sediment Se transfer model can be used to translate this type of sediment Se toxicity threshold to a site-specific chronic water-quality standard for western streams based on empirically derived sediment total organic carbon values.

THE PREJUDICIAL NATURE OF VICTIM IMPACT STATEMENTS Implications for Capital Sentencing Policy

Abstract: Victim impact evidence is presented during sentencing hearings to convey the harm experienced by victims and victims’ relatives as a result of a crime. Its use in capital cases is highly controversial. Some argue that the Supreme Court’s decision to allow the admission of victim impact statements (VIS) during capital sentencing proceedings (Payne v. Tennessee, 1991) invites prejudice and judgments based on emotion rather than reason. Others reason that it provides an important voice for survivors and affords the jury an opportunity to learn about the victim. The authors outline the chief psychological issues that arise in the context of VIS, including their relevance to jurors’ judgments of blameworthiness, concerns that the social worth of the victim will influence jurors’ sentencing decisions, and issues related to the emotional appeal of VIS. Psycholegal research on the influence of VIS on mock jurors is reviewed, and implications of this work for capital sentencing policy and suggested directions for future research are discussed.

Introduction to membrane technology

Abstract: Since 1960, membrane technology has transformed from laboratory development to proven industrial applications. Continuing advances in development of new membranes with better thermal, chemical, and improved transport properties have led to many new possible applications. Membranes are used extensively for desalination, potable water production, treating industrial effluents, water reclamation, and reuse. Development of newer membrane modules and operating procedures in recent years has provided a key stimulus for the growth of the membrane industry such as submerged membrane filtration for treating municipal water. Besides water treatment, membranes are used in the manufacture of food and pharmaceutical products, production of base chemicals, energy conversion devices such as fuel cells, and in medical devices such as haemodialysis, blood oxygenators, and controlled drug delivery products. Membrane-separation processes are being increasingly integrated with conventional technologies as hybrid membrane systems to reduce energy consumption and minimise environmental impact. Overall, the market for membranes and membrane systems grew from $4.4 billion in 2000 to more $10 billion in 2010, and the market for water treatment equipment could exceed $10.4 billion in 2014, with one-third for desalination.

Ultrasound-Guided Central Venous Access

Abstract: Hypothesis Real-time ultrasound guidance should increase the success rate and lower the complication rate of central venous access in patients with relative contraindications to having the procedure performed. Design Prospective case series. Setting A community-based tertiary care hospital. Patients Fifty-two patients were studied. Relative risks to central venous catheter insertion included (1) thrombosis or stenosis of central veins, (2) inherent or acquired anticoagulation abnormalities, (3) inability to assume a supine position, (4) hypovolemia, (5) obesity or altered anatomy, and (6) severe respiratory compromise. Interventions Real-time ultrasound evaluation of the proposed vein to be cannulated, followed by real-time percutaneous central vein access. Main Outcome Measures Successful cannulation of a central vein. Results All attempts at central vein cannulation were successful. No bleeding complications occurred. One pneumothorax occurred in an obese patient. Conclusions Ultrasound-guided central venous access is a helpful technique to gain venous access in difficult cases. Surgeons who perform central venous access procedures should become acquainted with the techniques involved. The techniques should be incorporated into currently developing ultrasound instruction courses for surgeons.