Institution
University of Gothenburg
Education•Gothenburg, Sweden•
About: University of Gothenburg is a education organization based out in Gothenburg, Sweden. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Health care. The organization has 23855 authors who have published 65241 publications receiving 2606327 citations. The organization is also known as: Göteborg University & Gothenburg University.
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TL;DR: This study shows that FBS EVs substantially influence cultured cell behaviour, but also that they can be virtually removed by an 18-hour ultracentrifugation protocol.
Abstract: Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including the nano-sized exosomes, have the capacity to transfer multiple functional molecules between cells. In cell culture experiments, fetal bovine serum (FBS) is often used to supplement cell culture medium as a nutrient, but it is important to know that the FBS also contain significant quantities of EVs. The aim of the current study was to determine whether the FBS EVs can influence cultured cell phenotype, and secondly to determine the efficiency of FBS-EV elimination protocols. Firstly, FBS that had not been depleted of EVs induced a migratory phenotype in a lung cancer epithelial cell line (A549 cells), an effect that could be mimicked by isolated FBS EVs alone. FBS-derived EVs also contained RNA, which was protected from consecutive proteinase K and RNase A treatment. Comparison of common isolation protocols suggested that an 18-hour centrifugation period eliminates approximately 95% of RNA-containing FBS EVs, whereas a 1.5-hour protocol is insufficient. In conclusion, this study shows that FBS EVs substantially influence cultured cell behaviour, but also that they can be virtually removed by an 18-hour ultracentrifugation protocol.
353 citations
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Medical University of Vienna1, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki2, IBM3, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center4, University of Queensland5, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia6, University of Barcelona7, Carlos III Health Institute8, University of Gothenburg9, Sahlgrenska University Hospital10, University of Trieste11
TL;DR: A systematic evaluation of the value of AI-based decision support in skin tumor diagnosis demonstrates the superiority of human–computer collaboration over each individual approach and supports the potential of automated approaches in diagnostic medicine.
Abstract: The rapid increase in telemedicine coupled with recent advances in diagnostic artificial intelligence (AI) create the imperative to consider the opportunities and risks of inserting AI-based support into new paradigms of care Here we build on recent achievements in the accuracy of image-based AI for skin cancer diagnosis to address the effects of varied representations of AI-based support across different levels of clinical expertise and multiple clinical workflows We find that good quality AI-based support of clinical decision-making improves diagnostic accuracy over that of either AI or physicians alone, and that the least experienced clinicians gain the most from AI-based support We further find that AI-based multiclass probabilities outperformed content-based image retrieval (CBIR) representations of AI in the mobile technology environment, and AI-based support had utility in simulations of second opinions and of telemedicine triage In addition to demonstrating the potential benefits associated with good quality AI in the hands of non-expert clinicians, we find that faulty AI can mislead the entire spectrum of clinicians, including experts Lastly, we show that insights derived from AI class-activation maps can inform improvements in human diagnosis Together, our approach and findings offer a framework for future studies across the spectrum of image-based diagnostics to improve human-computer collaboration in clinical practice
353 citations
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University of Cambridge1, Papworth Hospital2, National Institutes of Health3, Columbia University4, University of Colorado Denver5, French Institute of Health and Medical Research6, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill7, Freeman Hospital8, University of Washington9, Dartmouth College10, University of Gothenburg11, University of Paris12, University of Nottingham13, Radboud University Nijmegen14, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler15, Oregon Health & Science University16, Cystic Fibrosis Foundation17
TL;DR: A panel of 19 experts developed consensus recommendations for the screening, investigation, diagnosis and management of NTM-PD in individuals with CF, which were then modified to achieve consensus and circulated for public consultation within the USA and European CF communities.
Abstract: Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are ubiquitous environmental organisms that can cause chronic pulmonary infection, particularly in individuals with pre-existing inflammatory lung disease, such as cystic fibrosis (CF). Pulmonary disease (PD) caused by NTM has emerged as a major threat to the health of individuals with CF, but remains difficult to diagnose and problematic to treat. In response to this challenge, the US Cystic Fibrosis Foundation (CFF) and the European Cystic Fibrosis Society (ECFS) convened a panel of 19 experts to develop consensus recommendations for the screening, investigation, diagnosis and management of NTM-PD in individuals with CF. PICO (population, intervention, comparison, outcome) methodology and systematic literature reviews were employed to inform draft recommendations, which were then modified to achieve consensus and subsequently circulated for public consultation within the USA and European CF communities. We have thus generated a series of pragmatic, evidence-based recommendations as an initial step in optimising management for this challenging condition.
353 citations
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TL;DR: This work directly observes a propagating spin wave launched from a spin torque oscillator with a nanoscale electrical contact into an extended Permalloy (nickel iron) film through the spin transfer torque effect, and shows that spin waves with tunable frequencies can propagate for several micrometres.
Abstract: Spin torque oscillators with nanoscale electrical contacts are able to produce coherent spin waves in extended magnetic films, and offer an attractive combination of electrical and magnetic field control, broadband operation, fast spin-wave frequency modulation, and the possibility of synchronizing multiple spin-wave injection sites. However, many potential applications rely on propagating (as opposed to localized) spin waves, and direct evidence for propagation has been lacking. Here, we directly observe a propagating spin wave launched from a spin torque oscillator with a nanoscale electrical contact into an extended Permalloy (nickel iron) film through the spin transfer torque effect. The data, obtained by wave-vector-resolved micro-focused Brillouin light scattering, show that spin waves with tunable frequencies can propagate for several micrometres. Micromagnetic simulations provide the theoretical support to quantitatively reproduce the results.
353 citations
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TL;DR: Overproduction of Hsp104p suppressed the accelerated aging of cells lacking Sir2p, and drugs inhibiting damage segregation further demonstrated that spatial quality control is required to rejuvenate the progeny.
Abstract: The levels of oxidatively damaged, carbonylated, proteins increase with the replicative age of yeast mother cells. We show here that such carbonylated proteins are associated with Hsp104p-containing protein aggregates and that these aggregates, like oxidized proteins, are retained in the progenitor cell during cytokinesis by a Sir2p-dependent process. Deletion of HSP104 resulted in a breakdown of damage asymmetry, and overproduction of Hsp104p partially restored damage retention in sir2Δ cells, suggesting that functional chaperones associated with protein aggregates are required for the establishment of damage asymmetry and that these functions are limited in sir2Δ cells. In line with this, Hsp104p and several Hsp70s displayed elevated damaged in sir2Δ cells, and protein aggregates were rescued at a slower rate in this mutant. Moreover, overproduction of Hsp104p suppressed the accelerated aging of cells lacking Sir2p, and drugs inhibiting damage segregation further demonstrated that spatial quality control is required to rejuvenate the progeny.
353 citations
Authors
Showing all 24120 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Peter J. Barnes | 194 | 1530 | 166618 |
Luigi Ferrucci | 193 | 1601 | 181199 |
Richard H. Friend | 169 | 1182 | 140032 |
Napoleone Ferrara | 167 | 494 | 140647 |
Timothy A. Springer | 167 | 669 | 122421 |
Anders Björklund | 165 | 769 | 84268 |
Hua Zhang | 163 | 1503 | 116769 |
Kaj Blennow | 160 | 1845 | 116237 |
Leif Groop | 158 | 919 | 136056 |
Tomas Hökfelt | 158 | 1033 | 95979 |
Johan G. Eriksson | 156 | 1257 | 123325 |
Naveed Sattar | 155 | 1326 | 116368 |
Paul Elliott | 153 | 773 | 103839 |
Claude Bouchard | 153 | 1076 | 115307 |
Hakon Hakonarson | 152 | 968 | 101604 |