University of Rhode Island

About: University of Rhode Island is a education organization based out in Kingston, Rhode Island, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Bay. The organization has 11464 authors who have published 22770 publications receiving 841066 citations. The organization is also known as: URI & Rhode Island College of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts.

Effect of exercise training on C reactive protein: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised and non-randomised controlled trials

Abstract: Purpose C-reactive protein (CRP) is a marker of chronic systemic inflammation frequently used in cardiovascular disease risk assessment. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to provide a quantitative estimate of the magnitude of change in CRP following participation in physical exercise interventions. Methods All studies included in the meta-analysis were peer reviewed and published in English. Human participants were assigned to a non-exercise comparison group or exercise training group, with the intervention lasting ≥2 weeks. CRP levels were measured at baseline, during and/or after completion of the exercise training programme. Random-effects models were used to aggregate a mean effect size (ES), 95% CIs and potential moderators. Results 83 randomised and non-randomised controlled trials met the inclusion criteria and resulted in 143 effects (n=3769). The mean ES of 0.26 (95% CI 0.18 to 0.34, p Conclusions These results suggest that engaging in exercise training is associated with a decrease in CRP levels regardless of the age or sex of the individual; however, greater improvements in CRP level occur with a decrease in BMI or %Fat.

Factor structure of the Profile of Mood States (POMS): two partial replications

Abstract: Examined the factor structure of the Profile of Mood States (POMS) in samples of psychiatric outpatients (N = 165) and adult smokers (N = 298). Principal component analyses (oblique rotation) yielded seven interpretable components in both cases, which accounted for 66% and 64% of the total variance, respectively. Coefficients of congruence indicated that the two component structures were quite similar. Three of the six POMS scales (Anger-Hostility, Vigor-Activity, Fatigue-Inertia) were replicated successfully in both samples. The remaining three scales were factorally complex and tended to merge, partially attributable to social desirability, to high scale intercorrelations, and to the inherent confluence of psychopathology. The POMS appears to be an internally consistent, multidimensional instrument with a relatively stable factor structure. Caution is recommended in the separate scoring and interpretation of several POMS scales.

Species-specific grazing rates of heterotrophic dinoflagellates in oceanic waters, measured with a dual-label radioisotope technique

Abstract: A dual-isotope method was developed to measure grazing rates and food preferences of individual species of heterotrophic dinoflagellates from natural populations, collected from the Slope, Gulf Stream, and Sargasso Sea and from a transect from Iceland to New England, in 1983 The isotope method measures the grazing rates of microzooplankton which cannot be separated in natural populations on the basis of size Tritiated-thymidine and 14C-bicarbonate were used to label natural heterotrophic and autotrophic food, respectively Nine oceanic dinoflagellate species in the genera Protoperidinium, Podolampas, and Diplopsalis fed on both heterotrophic and autotrophic food particles with clearance rates of 04 to 80 μl cell-1 h-1, based on 3H incorporation, and 00 to 283 μl cell-1 h-1, based on 14C incorporation Two dinoflagellate species, Protoperidinium ovatum and Podolampas palmipes, fed only on 3H-labelled food particles Several species of dinoflagellates fed on bacteria (<1 μm) which had been prelabelled with 3H-thymidine The clearance rates of heterotrophic dinoflagellates and ciliates were similar and within the range of tintinnid ciliate clearance rates reported in the literature As heterotrophic dinoflagellates and ciliates can have comparable abundances in oceanic waters, we conclude that heterotrophic dinoflagellates may have an equally important impact as microheterotrophic grazers of phytoplankton and bacteria in oceanic waters

Age model and core-seismic integration for the Cenozoic Arctic Coring Expedition sediments from the Lomonosov Ridge

Abstract: Cenozoic biostratigraphic, cosmogenic isotope, magnetostratigraphic, and cyclostratigraphic data derived from Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 302, the Arctic Coring Expedition (ACEX), are merged into a coherent age model. This age model has low resolution because of poor core recovery, limited availability of biostratigraphic information, and the complex nature of the magnetostratigraphic record. One 2.2 Ma long hiatus occurs in the late Miocene; another spans 26 Ma (18.2–44.4 Ma). The average sedimentation rate in the recovered Cenozoic sediments is about 15 m/Ma. Core-seismic correlation links the ACEX sediments to the reflection seismic stratigraphy of line AWI-91090, on which the ACEX sites were drilled. This seismostratigraphy can be correlated over wide geographic areas in the central Arctic Ocean, implying that the ACEX age model can be extended well beyond the drill sites.