Showing papers in "European Journal of Pharmacology in 2009"

TL;DR: Accumulating lines of evidence now suggest that CQ can effectively sensitize cell-killing effects by ionizing radiation and chemotherapeutic agents in a cancer-specific manner and may be one of the most effective and safe sensitizers for cancer therapies.

TL;DR: The ability of CAPs to bypass established resistance mechanisms provides an attractive strategy to develop novel lead structures for cancer treatment and Peptidomimetic approaches combined with novel selective delivery devices show promise in overcoming some of these obstacles.

TL;DR: The evidence suggesting that the ER stress response could be important for the growth and development of tumors under stressful growth conditions such as hypoxia or glucose deprivation is reviewed, and how it may be possible to exploit the unfolded protein response as an anticancer strategy is analysed.

TL;DR: It is indicated that CDDO-Im is an exceedingly potent agent for preventing obesity, and the Nrf2 pathway is identified as a novel target for management of obesogenesis.

TL;DR: The drug stimulates constitutive nitric oxide production and inhibits inducible NO production and exerts direct inhibitory effects on recombinant cardiac sarcolemmal KATP channels, which may expand propofol's clinical use.

TL;DR: To achieve the full benefit of developing a successful drug, multidisciplinary approaches (approaches such as computational chemistry and gene expression analysis, as discussed in this article) would be necessary.

TL;DR: Results indicated that DPHC might be a potent inhibitor for alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase as well as it delays absorption of dietary carbohydrates.

TL;DR: It is shown that treatment with resveratrol prevents the increase in AChE activity and consequently memory impairment in diabetic rats, demonstrating that this compound can modulate cholinergic neurotransmission and consequently improve cognition.

TL;DR: This review will focus on the biological mechanisms underlying the epigenetic silencing of tumor suppressor genes observed in cancer cells, and the targeted molecular strategies that have been investigated to reverse these aberrations.

TL;DR: It was found that glutamate induced, in a time-dependent manner, both necrosis and apoptosis in HT22 cells, and is accompanied by DNA ladder formation but not chromatin condensation, which indicates that glutamate-induced apoptosis is AIF-dependent but caspase-independent.

TL;DR: It is suggested that berberine has protective effect for diabetes through increasing insulin expression, beta cell regeneration, antioxidant enzyme activity and decreasing lipid peroxidation.

TL;DR: The effect ofadenosine on innate immunity and the use of adenosine receptor specific agonists or antagonists in various immunologic disorders (asthma, cancer, HIV-1 infection) as future immunomodulatory therapeutics are summarized.

TL;DR: A better understanding of TRAIL resistance mechanisms may allow for the development of more effective therapies that exploit this cell-mediated pathway to apoptosis, as many human tumor cells possess mechanisms of resistance to TRAIL-induced apoptosis.

TL;DR: It is suggested that pharmacologically targeting microglia could effectively prevent clinical pain syndromes in programmed and/or anticipated injury and implicate a glial regulation of the pain response.

TL;DR: The observed beneficial effects of vinpocetine on spatial memory may be due to its ability to favorably modulate cholinergic functions, prevent neuronal cell damage and possibly through its antioxidant mechanism also.

TL;DR: DAS enhances antioxidants and suppresses inflammatory cytokines through the activation of Nrf2, thereby protecting the cell against oxidative stress induced by gentamicin.

TL;DR: It is suggested that salvianolic acid A possessing antioxidant activity has a significant protective effect against isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction and mitochondrial respiratory function.

TL;DR: Results show that cannabidiol binds to and activates PPARgamma, which partially underlies the time-dependent vascular effects of cannabdiol, however, cannABidiol-induced vasorelaxation in the rat isolated aorta appears to be largely due to calcium channel inhibition.

TL;DR: Data indicated that salidroside has protective effect against hypoxia-induced cardiomyocytes necrosis and apoptosis by increasing HIF-1alpha expression and subsequently up-regulating VEGF levels.

TL;DR: The data indicate that chronic celecoxib treatment reverse chronic unpredictable stress-induced depressive-like behavior might via reducing COX-2 enzyme in brain, and the selective COx-2 inhibitors could be developed as potential remedies for the management of depression.

TL;DR: It is reported that intracerebroventricular administration of PEA 30 min before carrageenan injection markedly reduced mechanical hyperalgesia up to 24 h following inflammatory insult, suggesting a centrally mediated component for these drugs in controlling inflammatory pain.

TL;DR: Evidence of the simultaneous expression of the melatonin receptors MT(1) and MT(2) in mouse pancreas, liver and hypothalamus is provided, and data support the idea that melatonin synchronises the functions of the major organs involved in blood glucose regulation and negatively acts on the insulin secretion.

TL;DR: Biological significance of SDF-1's interaction with CXCR7 is addressed, which may act as a kind of decoy or signaling receptor depending on cell type and could become an important target for new anti-metastatic and anti-cancer drugs.

TL;DR: The research explains excellently the anti-osteoporotic and bone nonunion treatment mechanism of rhizoma drynariae, thus contributing to the exploration of osteogenic differentiation agents from Chinese herbs.

TL;DR: Improvement in glycemic control in sitagliptin-treated mice was associated with a significant increase in glucose-dependent insulin secretion in both perfused pancreas and isolated islets, and in contrast to the lack of effect by glipizide, sitgliptin significantly restored beta and alpha cell mass as well as alpha/beta cell ratio.

TL;DR: It is proposed that neonatal Nav1.5 is a novel marker with significant clinical potential for management of metastatic breast cancer and a number of approaches which may enable tumour-specific targeting are described, which include various small-molecule drugs, small-interfering RNA, monoclonal antibody and natural neurotoxins.

TL;DR: The test for detecting the effects of antidepressants and psychostimulants administered intraperitoneally in the mouse is evaluated and the measure of the latency to the first immobility improves the predictive validity of the BDT.

TL;DR: The protective effect of naringin and its therapeutic potential against ischemia reperfusion induced and related behavioral alterations in rats is suggested.

TL;DR: Loganin may have anti-amnesic activity that may hold significant therapeutic value in alleviating certain memory impairments observed in Alzheimer's disease.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that SDF-1alpha enhanced IL-6 production in both primary cultured microglia and BV-2 micro glia and further investigated the signaling pathway involved in IL- 6 production stimulated by SDF/CXCR4 inmicroglia, providing additional support for the notion that Sdf-1 alpha plays a regulatory role in microglian activation.