Journal ArticleDOI
Breaking the Code of DNA Binding Specificity of TAL-Type III Effectors
Jens Boch,Heidi Scholze,Sebastian Schornack,Angelika Landgraf,Simone Hahn,Sabine Kay,Thomas Lahaye,Anja Nickstadt,Ulla Bonas +8 more
TLDR
The functionality of a distinct type of DNA binding domain is described and allows the design ofDNA binding domains for biotechnology.Abstract:
The pathogenicity of many bacteria depends on the injection of effector proteins via type III secretion into eukaryotic cells in order to manipulate cellular processes. TAL (transcription activator-like) effectors from plant pathogenic Xanthomonas are important virulence factors that act as transcriptional activators in the plant cell nucleus, where they directly bind to DNA via a central domain of tandem repeats. Here, we show how target DNA specificity of TAL effectors is encoded. Two hypervariable amino acid residues in each repeat recognize one base pair in the target DNA. Recognition sequences of TAL effectors were predicted and experimentally confirmed. The modular protein architecture enabled the construction of artificial effectors with new specificities. Our study describes the functionality of a distinct type of DNA binding domain and allows the design of DNA binding domains for biotechnology.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
New and TALENted Genome Engineering Toolbox
TL;DR: This review emphasizes the latest developments in genome engineering and how applications within the field are transforming the understanding of personalized medicine with an emphasis on cardiovascular diseases.
Patent
Methods and products for transfecting cells
Matthew Angel,Christopher Rohde +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the present invention relates in part to nucleic acids encoding proteins, nucleic acid containing non-canonical nucleotides, therapeutics, methods, kits, and devices for inducing cells to express proteins, methods for transfecting, gene editing, and reprogramming cells, and cells, organisms, and therapeutics produced using these methods, Kits and devices.
Journal ArticleDOI
A highly effective TALEN-mediated approach for targeted gene disruption in Xenopus tropicalis and zebrafish
TL;DR: The validated protocol for TALEN assembly, methods for generating gene knockout animals in X. tropicalis and zebra fish, as well as the protocol for engineering large genomic deletions in zebrafish are described.
Journal ArticleDOI
EENdb: a database and knowledge base of ZFNs and TALENs for endonuclease engineering
An Xiao,Yingdan Wu,Zhipeng Yang,Yingying Hu,Wei-Ye Wang,Yutian Zhang,Lei Kong,Ge Gao,Zuoyan Zhu,Shuo Lin,Bo Zhang +10 more
TL;DR: The construction of engineered endonuclease database (EENdb) is reported here to represent a central hub for EEN information and an integrated solution for Een engineering, and studies may help to extract in-depth properties and common rules regarding ZFN or TALEN efficiency through comparison of the known ZFNs or TalENs.
Book ChapterDOI
Multiplexed Transcriptional Activation or Repression in Plants Using CRISPR-dCas9-Based Systems
TL;DR: The protocol presented here provides a detailed procedure for activating AtPAP1 and repressing AtCSTF64 in Arabidopsis thaliana and makes use of the plant CRISpr toolbox to streamline the assembly and cloning of multiplex CRISPR-Cas9 transcriptional regulatory constructs.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The plant immune system
TL;DR: A detailed understanding of plant immune function will underpin crop improvement for food, fibre and biofuels production and provide extraordinary insights into molecular recognition, cell biology and evolution across biological kingdoms.
Journal ArticleDOI
Activation Tagging Identifies a Conserved MYB Regulator of Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis
TL;DR: A novel approach for enhancing the accumulation of natural products based on activation tagging by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation with a T-DNA that carries cauliflower mosaic virus 35S enhancer sequences at its right border is reported.
Journal ArticleDOI
Innate immunity in plants : an arms race between pattern recognition receptors in plants and effectors in microbial pathogens
Thomas Boller,Sheng Yang He +1 more
TL;DR: It turns out that the important contribution of PTI to disease resistance is masked by pathogen virulence effectors that have evolved to suppress it.
Journal ArticleDOI
High-frequency modification of plant genes using engineered zinc-finger nucleases
Jeffrey A. Townsend,David A. Wright,Ronnie J. Winfrey,Fengli Fu,Morgan L. Maeder,J. Keith Joung,Daniel F. Voytas +6 more
TL;DR: High-frequency ZFN-stimulated gene targeting at endogenous plant genes, namely the tobacco acetolactate synthase genes (ALS SuRA and SuRB), for which specific mutations are known to confer resistance to imidazolinone and sulphonylurea herbicides are demonstrated.
Journal ArticleDOI
A bacterial effector acts as a plant transcription factor and induces a cell size regulator.
TL;DR: It is shown that AvrBs3 induces the expression of a master regulator of cell size, upa20, which encodes a transcription factor containing a basic helix-loop-helix domain that provokes developmental reprogramming of host cells by mimicking eukaryotic transcription factors.