Journal ArticleDOI
Breaking the Code of DNA Binding Specificity of TAL-Type III Effectors
Jens Boch,Heidi Scholze,Sebastian Schornack,Angelika Landgraf,Simone Hahn,Sabine Kay,Thomas Lahaye,Anja Nickstadt,Ulla Bonas +8 more
TLDR
The functionality of a distinct type of DNA binding domain is described and allows the design ofDNA binding domains for biotechnology.Abstract:
The pathogenicity of many bacteria depends on the injection of effector proteins via type III secretion into eukaryotic cells in order to manipulate cellular processes. TAL (transcription activator-like) effectors from plant pathogenic Xanthomonas are important virulence factors that act as transcriptional activators in the plant cell nucleus, where they directly bind to DNA via a central domain of tandem repeats. Here, we show how target DNA specificity of TAL effectors is encoded. Two hypervariable amino acid residues in each repeat recognize one base pair in the target DNA. Recognition sequences of TAL effectors were predicted and experimentally confirmed. The modular protein architecture enabled the construction of artificial effectors with new specificities. Our study describes the functionality of a distinct type of DNA binding domain and allows the design of DNA binding domains for biotechnology.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Pacbio sequencing of copper-tolerant Xanthomonas citri reveals presence of a chimeric plasmid structure and provides insights into reassortment and shuffling of transcription activator-like effectors among X. citri strains
Alberto M. Gochez,Jose C. Huguet-Tapia,Gerald V. Minsavage,Deepak Shantaraj,Neha Jalan,Annett Strauß,Thomas Lahaye,Nian Wang,B.I. Canteros,Jeffrey B. Jones,Neha Potnis +10 more
TL;DR: The importance of long-read sequencing for obtaining intact sequences of TALEs and plasmids, as well as for identifying rearrangement events including plasmid reshuffling, is demonstrated in this study.
Journal ArticleDOI
TALE nickase mediates high efficient targeted transgene integration at the human multi-copy ribosomal DNA locus.
Yong Wu,Tieli Gao,Xiaolin Wang,Youjin Hu,Xuyun Hu,Zhiqing Hu,Jialun Pang,Zhuo Li,Jinfeng Xue,Mai Feng,Lingqian Wu,Desheng Liang +11 more
TL;DR: The findings showed that the TALENickases were more effective than their TALen counterparts at the multi-copy rDNA locus, though earlier studies using ZFNs and ZFNickases targeting the single-copy loci showed the reverse.
Journal ArticleDOI
Engineering synthetic TALE and CRISPR/Cas9 transcription factors for regulating gene expression
TL;DR: Two platforms for designing synthetic transcription factors for manipulating gene expression are reviewed: Transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs) and the RNA-guided clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 system.
Journal ArticleDOI
CRISPR–Cas9 a boon or bane: the bumpy road ahead to cancer therapeutics
TL;DR: The CRISPR–Cas9 gene-editing mechanism,CRISPR-screening methods, therapeutic targeting of CRISpr in animal models and in cancer immunotherapy are described and the ongoing clinical trials using this tool are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Endonucleases: tools to correct the dystrophin gene.
Joël Rousseau,Pierre Chapdelaine,Sébastien Boisvert,Luciana P Almeida,Jacques Corbeil,Alexandre Montpetit,Jacques P. Tremblay +6 more
TL;DR: This work detected, characterized and quantified the frequency of INDELs produced by one meganuclease targeting the RAG1 gene, six MGNs targeting three introns of the human dystrophin gene and one pair of zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs) targeting exon 50 of thehuman dystrophic gene.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
The plant immune system
TL;DR: A detailed understanding of plant immune function will underpin crop improvement for food, fibre and biofuels production and provide extraordinary insights into molecular recognition, cell biology and evolution across biological kingdoms.
Journal ArticleDOI
Activation Tagging Identifies a Conserved MYB Regulator of Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis
TL;DR: A novel approach for enhancing the accumulation of natural products based on activation tagging by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation with a T-DNA that carries cauliflower mosaic virus 35S enhancer sequences at its right border is reported.
Journal ArticleDOI
Innate immunity in plants : an arms race between pattern recognition receptors in plants and effectors in microbial pathogens
Thomas Boller,Sheng Yang He +1 more
TL;DR: It turns out that the important contribution of PTI to disease resistance is masked by pathogen virulence effectors that have evolved to suppress it.
Journal ArticleDOI
High-frequency modification of plant genes using engineered zinc-finger nucleases
Jeffrey A. Townsend,David A. Wright,Ronnie J. Winfrey,Fengli Fu,Morgan L. Maeder,J. Keith Joung,Daniel F. Voytas +6 more
TL;DR: High-frequency ZFN-stimulated gene targeting at endogenous plant genes, namely the tobacco acetolactate synthase genes (ALS SuRA and SuRB), for which specific mutations are known to confer resistance to imidazolinone and sulphonylurea herbicides are demonstrated.
Journal ArticleDOI
A bacterial effector acts as a plant transcription factor and induces a cell size regulator.
TL;DR: It is shown that AvrBs3 induces the expression of a master regulator of cell size, upa20, which encodes a transcription factor containing a basic helix-loop-helix domain that provokes developmental reprogramming of host cells by mimicking eukaryotic transcription factors.