Current and future treatments for Alzheimer's disease.
TLDR
Current symptomatic treatments and new potential disease-modifying therapies for AD that are currently being studied in phase I–III trials are discussed.Abstract:
Alzheimer’s dementia (AD) is increasingly being recognized as one of the most important medical and social problems in older people in industrialized and non-industrialized nations. To date, only symptomatic treatments exist for this disease, all trying to counterbalance the neurotransmitter disturbance. Three cholinesterase inhibitors (CIs) are currently available and have been approved for the treatment of mild to moderate AD. A further therapeutic option available for moderate to severe AD is memantine, an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor noncompetitive antagonist. Treatments capable of stopping or at least effectively modifying the course of AD, referred to as ‘disease-modifying’ drugs, are still under extensive research. To block the progression of the disease they have to interfere with the pathogenic steps responsible for the clinical symptoms, including the deposition of extracellular amyloid β plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangle formation, inflammation, oxidative damage, iron deregulati...read more
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Dissertation
A cross-sectional study of serum Brain Derived Neurotropic Factor (BDNF) concentrations in a Saudi population and changes associated with the use of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) in patients with Alzheimer's disease
TL;DR: The main findings are that BDNF concentrations and association of serum BDNF and Val66Met BDNF gene in AD patients and SSRI use in relation to cognition functions inAD patients are similar.
Journal ArticleDOI
Alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Down Regulation Impairs Mitochondrial Function in Streptozotocin-induced Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease Model in Rats
TL;DR: The α7 nAChR down regulation may form a basis to cognitive deficits along with cholinergic dysfunction, Aβ accumulation and mitochondrial dysfunction in memory sensitive rat brain regions and could be an alternative and potential target in the management of AD.
Book ChapterDOI
Misfolded proteins as a therapeutic target in Alzheimer's disease.
TL;DR: This work reviews both Aβ and tau, examining the processes from their biosynthesis to their pathogenesis and evaluating their vulnerability to medicinal intervention, and seeks to answer if protein misfolding is a viable platform in the pursuit of a disease-arresting strategy for AD.
Journal ArticleDOI
Current advancements related to phytobioactive compounds based liposomal delivery for neurodegenerative diseases
TL;DR: In this paper , a review of the brain target liposomal delivery of phytobioactive compounds as a novel disease-modifying agent for treating neurodegenerative diseases is presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
The influence of vinpocetine alone or in combination with Epigallocatechin-3-gallate, Coenzyme COQ10, Vitamin E and Selenium as a potential neuroprotective combination against aluminium-induced Alzheimer's disease in Wistar Albino Rats
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors explored the possible neuroprotective effect as well as mechanism of action of Vinpocetine either alone or in combination with EGCG, CoQ10, or VE & Se in ameliorating aluminum chloride-induced AD in rats.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Toward defining the preclinical stages of Alzheimer's disease: Recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer's disease
Reisa A. Sperling,Paul S. Aisen,Laurel A. Beckett,David A. Bennett,Suzanne Craft,Anne M. Fagan,Takeshi Iwatsubo,Clifford R. Jack,Jeffrey Kaye,Thomas J. Montine,Denise C. Park,Eric M. Reiman,Christopher C. Rowe,Eric Siemers,Yaakov Stern,Kristine Yaffe,Maria C. Carrillo,Bill Thies,Marcelle Morrison-Bogorad,Molly V. Wagster,Creighton H. Phelps +20 more
TL;DR: A conceptual framework and operational research criteria are proposed, based on the prevailing scientific evidence to date, to test and refine these models with longitudinal clinical research studies and it is hoped that these recommendations will provide a common rubric to advance the study of preclinical AD.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Cholinergic Hypothesis of Geriatric Memory Dysfunction
Raymond T. Bartus,Raymond T. Bartus,Reginald L. Dean,Bernard Beer,Bernard Beer,Arnold S. Lippa,Arnold S. Lippa +6 more
TL;DR: Biochemical, electrophysiological, and pharmacological evidence supporting a role for cholinergic dysfunction in age-related memory disturbances is critically reviewed and an attempt has been made to identify pseudoissues, resolve certain controversies, and clarify misconceptions that have occurred in the literature.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global prevalence of dementia: a Delphi consensus study
Cleusa P. Ferri,Martin Prince,Carol Brayne,Henry Brodaty,Laura Fratiglioni,Mary Ganguli,Kathleen S. Hall,Kazuo Hasegawa,Hugh C. Hendrie,Yueqin Huang,Anthony F. Jorm,Colin Mathers,Paulo Rossi Menezes,Elizabeth Rimmer,Marcia Scazufca +14 more
TL;DR: Detailed estimates of dementia prevalence for each world region are believed to constitute the best currently available basis for policymaking, planning, and allocation of health and welfare resources.
Journal ArticleDOI
Revising the definition of Alzheimer's disease: a new lexicon.
Bruno Dubois,Howard Feldman,Howard Feldman,Howard Feldman,Claudia Jacova,Jeffrey L. Cummings,Steven T. DeKosky,Pascale Barberger-Gateau,André Delacourte,Giovanni B. Frisoni,Nick C. Fox,Douglas Galasko,Serge Gauthier,Harald Hampel,Gregory A. Jicha,Kenichi Meguro,John T. O'Brien,Florence Pasquier,Philippe Robert,Martin N. Rossor,Steven Salloway,Marie Sarazin,Leonardo Cruz de Souza,Yaakov Stern,Pieter Jelle Visser,Pieter Jelle Visser,Philip Scheltens +26 more
TL;DR: This paper aims to advance the scientific discussion by providing broader diagnostic coverage of the AD clinical spectrum and by proposing a common lexicon as a point of reference for the clinical and research communities.
Journal ArticleDOI
Statins and the risk of dementia.
Hershel Jick,Gwen L. Zornberg,Gwen L. Zornberg,Susan S. Jick,Sudha Seshadri,David A. Drachman +5 more
TL;DR: Individuals of 50 years and older who were prescribed statins had a substantially lowered risk of developing dementia, independent of the presence or absence of untreated hyperlipidaemia, or exposure to nonstatin LLAs.
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