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Journal ArticleDOI

Understanding biophysicochemical interactions at the nano–bio interface

TLDR
Probing the various interfaces of nanoparticle/biological interfaces allows the development of predictive relationships between structure and activity that are determined by nanomaterial properties such as size, shape, surface chemistry, roughness and surface coatings.
Abstract
Rapid growth in nanotechnology is increasing the likelihood of engineered nanomaterials coming into contact with humans and the environment. Nanoparticles interacting with proteins, membranes, cells, DNA and organelles establish a series of nanoparticle/biological interfaces that depend on colloidal forces as well as dynamic biophysicochemical interactions. These interactions lead to the formation of protein coronas, particle wrapping, intracellular uptake and biocatalytic processes that could have biocompatible or bioadverse outcomes. For their part, the biomolecules may induce phase transformations, free energy releases, restructuring and dissolution at the nanomaterial surface. Probing these various interfaces allows the development of predictive relationships between structure and activity that are determined by nanomaterial properties such as size, shape, surface chemistry, roughness and surface coatings. This knowledge is important from the perspective of safe use of nanomaterials.

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Journal ArticleDOI

Predicting the environmental impact of nanosilver

TL;DR: The AgNP production, environmental release and fate, predicted environmental concentrations in surface water, sediment, and sludge-activated soil, as well as reported toxicity and proposed toxic mechanisms are discussed, focusing primarily on fish.
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Toxicological Profiling of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles in Liver Context Reveals Pyroptosis in Kupffer Cells and Macrophages versus Apoptosis in Hepatocytes.

TL;DR: Important mechanistic considerations that can be used for safety evaluation of metal oxides, including commercial products that are developed from these materials are demonstrated.
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Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles: Recent trends in design and synthesis of magnetoresponsive nanosystems.

TL;DR: This review focuses on the structural and magnetic characterization of the cores, the synthesis of single- and multicore iron oxide NPs, especially the design of the latter, as well as their protection, stabilization and functionalization by desired coating in order to protect against the corrosion of core, to prevent non-specific protein adsorption and particle aggregation in biological media, and to provide binding sites for targeting and therapeutic agents.
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Biosensing Using Magnetic Particle Detection Techniques

TL;DR: This review focuses on magnetic sensing applications that utilize several types of magnetic detection techniques: spintronic sensors, nuclear magnetic resonance sensors, superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs), sensors based on the atomic magnetometer (AM), and others.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Toxic Potential of Materials at the Nanolevel

TL;DR: The establishment of principles and test procedures to ensure safe manufacture and use of nanomaterials in the marketplace is urgently required and achievable.
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Nanotoxicology: An Emerging Discipline Evolving from Studies of Ultrafine Particles

TL;DR: Results of older bio-kinetic studies with NSPs and newer epidemiologic and toxicologic studies with airborne ultrafine particles can be viewed as the basis for the expanding field of nanotoxicology, which can be defined as safety evaluation of engineered nanostructures and nanodevices.
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Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Stabilization, Vectorization, Physicochemical Characterizations, and Biological Applications

TL;DR: Practical Interests of Magnetic NuclearRelaxation for the Characterization of Superparamagnetic Colloid, and Use of Nanoparticles as Contrast Agents forMRI20825.
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Determining the size and shape dependence of gold nanoparticle uptake into mammalian cells.

TL;DR: The intracellular uptake of different sized and shaped colloidal gold nanoparticles is investigated and it is shown that kinetics and saturation concentrations are highly dependent upon the physical dimensions of the nanoparticles.
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Opsonization, biodistribution, and pharmacokinetics of polymeric nanoparticles

TL;DR: This work has shown that addition of PEG and PEG-containing copolymers to the surface of nanoparticles results in an increase in the blood circulation half-life of the particles by several orders of magnitude, and creates a hydrophilic protective layer around the nanoparticles that is able to repel the absorption of opsonin proteins via steric repulsion forces.
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