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Journal ArticleDOI

Understanding biophysicochemical interactions at the nano–bio interface

TLDR
Probing the various interfaces of nanoparticle/biological interfaces allows the development of predictive relationships between structure and activity that are determined by nanomaterial properties such as size, shape, surface chemistry, roughness and surface coatings.
Abstract
Rapid growth in nanotechnology is increasing the likelihood of engineered nanomaterials coming into contact with humans and the environment. Nanoparticles interacting with proteins, membranes, cells, DNA and organelles establish a series of nanoparticle/biological interfaces that depend on colloidal forces as well as dynamic biophysicochemical interactions. These interactions lead to the formation of protein coronas, particle wrapping, intracellular uptake and biocatalytic processes that could have biocompatible or bioadverse outcomes. For their part, the biomolecules may induce phase transformations, free energy releases, restructuring and dissolution at the nanomaterial surface. Probing these various interfaces allows the development of predictive relationships between structure and activity that are determined by nanomaterial properties such as size, shape, surface chemistry, roughness and surface coatings. This knowledge is important from the perspective of safe use of nanomaterials.

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI

Corona Composition Can Affect the Mechanisms Cells Use to Internalize Nanoparticles.

TL;DR: The results confirmed that the corona composition can affect the mechanisms of nanoparticle uptake by cells, and suggested that coronas of different composition can be recognized differently by cell receptors, and this leads to internalization via different mechanisms.
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A Review of the Properties and Processes Determining the Fate of Engineered Nanomaterials in the Aquatic Environment

TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide background reading to the NM and media specific properties and processes that affect the fate and behavior of engineered nanomaterials in aquatic environments, focusing on specific properties of NMs that modulate the interactions in the aquatic environment.
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Effects of polyethylene glycol on the surface of nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery

TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the PEGylation methods of nanoparticles and related techniques that have been used to detect the coverage density and thickness on the surface of the nanoparticles in recent years.
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Surface-structure-regulated penetration of nanoparticles across a cell membrane

TL;DR: In this article, the authors performed dissipative particle dynamics simulations to analyze the evolution of free energy as the ligand-coated nanoparticles pierce through a lipid bilayer and found that the translocation of the striated NP is facilitated by the constraint of its rotational degree of freedom by the anisotropic ligand pattern, which prevented the free energy of the system from sinking to a deeper valley as the NP passes through the hydrophobic core of the bilayer.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Toxic Potential of Materials at the Nanolevel

TL;DR: The establishment of principles and test procedures to ensure safe manufacture and use of nanomaterials in the marketplace is urgently required and achievable.
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Nanotoxicology: An Emerging Discipline Evolving from Studies of Ultrafine Particles

TL;DR: Results of older bio-kinetic studies with NSPs and newer epidemiologic and toxicologic studies with airborne ultrafine particles can be viewed as the basis for the expanding field of nanotoxicology, which can be defined as safety evaluation of engineered nanostructures and nanodevices.
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Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Stabilization, Vectorization, Physicochemical Characterizations, and Biological Applications

TL;DR: Practical Interests of Magnetic NuclearRelaxation for the Characterization of Superparamagnetic Colloid, and Use of Nanoparticles as Contrast Agents forMRI20825.
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Determining the size and shape dependence of gold nanoparticle uptake into mammalian cells.

TL;DR: The intracellular uptake of different sized and shaped colloidal gold nanoparticles is investigated and it is shown that kinetics and saturation concentrations are highly dependent upon the physical dimensions of the nanoparticles.
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Opsonization, biodistribution, and pharmacokinetics of polymeric nanoparticles

TL;DR: This work has shown that addition of PEG and PEG-containing copolymers to the surface of nanoparticles results in an increase in the blood circulation half-life of the particles by several orders of magnitude, and creates a hydrophilic protective layer around the nanoparticles that is able to repel the absorption of opsonin proteins via steric repulsion forces.
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