Academia Sinica

About: Academia Sinica is a facility organization based out in Taipei, Taiwan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Gene. The organization has 52086 authors who have published 65998 publications receiving 1728114 citations. The organization is also known as: Central Research Academy.

Heavy-quark symmetry and chiral dynamics.

Abstract: The flavor and spin symmetry of the heavy quarks and the spontaneously broken approximate ${\mathrm{SU}(3)}_{L}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{\mathrm{SU}(3)}_{R}$ chiral symmetry of the light quarks are exploited to formulate a theory describing the low-energy interactions of the heavy mesons ($Q\overline{q}$ bound states) and heavy baryons (${\mathrm{Qq}}_{1}{q}_{2}$ bound states) with the Goldstone bosons $\ensuremath{\pi}$, $K$, and $\ensuremath{\eta}$. The theory contains only three parameters independent of the number of heavy-quark species involved. They can be determined by the decays ${D}^{*}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}D+\ensuremath{\pi}$, ${\ensuremath{\Sigma}}_{c}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}_{c}+\ensuremath{\pi}$, and ${\ensuremath{\Sigma}}_{c}^{*}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}_{c}+\ensuremath{\pi}$. Theoretically, these coupling constants are related, through partial conservation of axial-vector current, to the axial charges of the heavy mesons and the heavy baryons. They are all calculable in the nonrelativistic quark model by using the spin wave functions of these particles alone. The theory is applied to strong decays and semileptonic weak decays of the heavy mesons and baryons. The implications are also discussed.

Advanced rechargeable aluminium ion battery with a high-quality natural graphite cathode

Abstract: Recently, interest in aluminium ion batteries with aluminium anodes, graphite cathodes and ionic liquid electrolytes has increased; however, much remains to be done to increase the cathode capacity and to understand details of the anion–graphite intercalation mechanism. Here, an aluminium ion battery cell made using pristine natural graphite flakes achieves a specific capacity of ∼110 mAh g−1 with Coulombic efficiency ∼98%, at a current density of 99 mA g−1 (0.9 C) with clear discharge voltage plateaus (2.25–2.0 V and 1.9–1.5 V). The cell has a capacity of 60 mAh g−1 at 6 C, over 6,000 cycles with Coulombic efficiency ∼ 99%. Raman spectroscopy shows two different intercalation processes involving chloroaluminate anions at the two discharging plateaus, while C–Cl bonding on the surface, or edges of natural graphite, is found using X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Finally, theoretical calculations are employed to investigate the intercalation behaviour of choloraluminate anions in the graphite electrode. Rechargeable aluminium ion batteries are an emerging class of energy storage device. Here the authors reveal high-quality natural graphite as a promising cathode for Al-ion batteries, also identifying chloroaluminate anion intercalation in graphite by Raman spectroscopy.

Indigenous Chinese Personality Constructs Is the Five-Factor Model Complete?

Abstract: The universality and sufficiency of the five-factor model in the Chinese context were investigated. In Study 1, analysis of the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) and the Chinese Personality Assessment Inventory (CPAI) taken by Chinese students showed four joint factors similar to the domains of the NEO-PI-R. Two unique factors were obtained. The Interpersonal Relatedness factor was defined only by CPAI scales. The Openness domain, however, was not represented in the CPAI scales. In Study 2, involving Chinese managers, the robustness of the Interpersonal Relatedness factor was demonstrated. In Study 3, the six-factor model was confirmed with Hawaiian students. Further analyses showed that the six-factor models were superior to the five-factor models and that the Interpersonal Relatedness scales could not be consistently explained by a combination of the Big Five factors. Implications for the universality of the five-factor model and the cross-cultural relevance of the CPAI Interpersonal Relatedn...

Observation of the narrow state X(3872) → J/ψπ+π- in p̄p collisions at √s = 1.96 TeV

Abstract: The observation of a state consistent with X(3872) decaying into J/ψπ+π- was reported. The X(3872) mass was measured to be 3871.3±0.7(stat)±0.4(syst)MeV/c2 from a sample of 730±90 candidates. The observed width was consistent with the detector resolution. The results were found to be converging well with the measurements by the Belle Collaboration using b± decays.