Institution
Cancer Epidemiology Unit
About: Cancer Epidemiology Unit is a based out in . It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Cancer. The organization has 669 authors who have published 1725 publications receiving 93979 citations.
Topics: Population, Cancer, Breast cancer, European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition, Prospective cohort study
Papers published on a yearly basis
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TL;DR: Oral contraceptives seem to have their main effect on mortality while they are being used and in the 10years after use ceases, which in past users is similar to that in never users.
Abstract: Objective: To describe the long term effects of the use of oral contraceptives on mortality. Design: Cohort study with 25year follow up. Details of oral contraceptive use and of morbidity and mortality were reported six monthly by general practitioners. 75% of the original cohort was “flagged” on the NHS central registers. Setting: 1400 general practices throughout Britain. Subjects: 46000 women, half of whom were using oral contraceptives at recruitment in 1968-9.Median age at end of follow up was 49 years. Main outcome measures: Relative risks of death adjusted for age, parity, social class, and smoking. Results: Over the 25year follow up 1599deaths were reported. Over the entire period of follow up the risk of death from all causes was similar in ever users and never users of oral contraceptives (relative risk=1.0, 95% confidence interval 0.9 to 1.1; P=0.7) and the risk of death for most specific causes did not differ significantly in the two groups. However, among current and recent (within 10years) users the relative risk of death from ovarian cancer was 0.2(0.1to 0.8; P=0.01), from cervical cancer 2.5(1.1to 6.1; P=0.04), and from cerebrovascular disease 1.9(1.2to 3.1,P=0.009). By contrast, for women who had stopped use >=10 years previously there were no significant excesses or deficits either overall or for any specific cause of death. Conclusion: Oral contraceptives seem to have their main effect on mortality while they are being used and in the 10years after use ceases. Ten or more years after use ceases mortality in past users is similar to that in never users.
222 citations
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International Agency for Research on Cancer1, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens2, Cancer Epidemiology Unit3, Utrecht University4, University of Tromsø5, Andalusian School of Public Health6, Malmö University7, Umeå University8, University of Cambridge9, University of Oxford10, Aarhus University11, Institut Gustave Roussy12
TL;DR: The centres from southern countries had the highest consumption of V&F, while the lowest intake was seen in The Netherlands and Scandinavia for both genders, whereas for several sub-groups of vegetables a different geographic distribution exists.
Abstract: Objective: To describe and compare the consumption of the main groups and subgroups of vegetables and fruits (V&F) in men and women from the centres participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Design: Cross-sectional analysis. Dietary intake was assessed by means of a 24-hour dietary recall using computerised interview software and standardised procedures. Crude and adjusted means were computed for the main groups and sub-groups of V&F by centre, separately for men and women. Adjusted means by season, day of the week and age were estimated using weights and covariance analysis. Setting: Twenty-seven centres in 10 European countries participating in the EPIC project. Subjects: In total, 35 955 subjects (13 031 men and 22 924 women), aged 35–74 years, randomly selected from each EPIC cohort. Results: The centres from southern countries had the highest consumption of V&F, while the lowest intake was seen in The Netherlands and Scandinavia for both genders. These differences were more evident for fruits, particularly citrus. However, slightly different patterns arose for some sub-groups of vegetables, such as root vegetables and cabbage. Adjustment for body mass index, physical activity, smoking habits and education did not substantially modify the mean intakes of vegetables and fruits. Conclusions: Total vegetable and fruit intake follows a south–north gradient in both genders, whereas for several sub-groups of vegetables a different geographic distribution exists. Differences in mean intake of V&F by centre were not explained by lifestyle factors associated with V&F intake.
222 citations
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TL;DR: For survivors of first AMI, the influence of predisposing factors for second AMI lessened with time after the initial event and the importance of acute clinical care and secondary prevention in improving long-term prognosis of hospitalized AMI patients is reinforced.
Abstract: Background—There are limited population-based national data on prognosis in survivors of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), particularly on long-term survival and the risk of recurrence. Methods and Results—Record linkage of hospital and mortality data identified 387 452 individuals in England who were admitted to hospital with a main diagnosis of AMI between 2004 and 2010 and who survived for at least 30 days. Seven years after an AMI, the risk of death from any cause in survivors of first or recurrent AMI was, respectively, 2 and 3 times higher than that in the English general population of equivalent age. For all survivors of a first AMI, the risk of a second AMI was highest during the first year and the cumulative risk increased more gradually thereafter. For men, 1- and 7-year cumulative risks were 5.6% (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.5–5.7) and 13.9% (95% CI, 13.7–14.1); for women, they were 7.2% (95% CI, 7.1–7.4) and 16.2% (95% CI, 16.0–16.5). Older age, higher deprivation, no revascularization pr...
222 citations
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TL;DR: Vegetarians have a lower risk of dying from ischaemic heart disease than non-vegetarians, and there were no significant differences between vegetarians and non- vegetarians in mortality from the other causes of death examined.
Abstract: Objective To compare the mortality rates of vegetarians and non-vegetarians. Design Collaborative analysis using original data from five prospective studies. Death rate ratios for vegetarians compared to non-vegetarians were calculated for ischaemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, cancers of the stomach, large bowel, lung, breast and prostate, and for all causes of death. All results were adjusted for age, sex and smoking. A random effects model was used to calculate pooled estimates of effect for all studies combined. Setting USA, UK and Germany. Subjects 76,172 men and women aged 16-89 years at recruitment. Vegetarians were those who did not eat any meat or fish (n = 27,808). Non-vegetarians were from a similar background to the vegetarians within each study. Results After a mean of 10.6 years of follow-up there were 8330 deaths before the age of 90 years, including 2264 deaths from ischaemic heart disease. In comparison with non-vegetarians, vegetarians had a 24% reduction in mortality from ischaemic heart disease (death rate ratio 0.76, 95% CI 0.62-0.94). The reduction in mortality among vegetarians varied significantly with age at death: rate ratios for vegetarians compared to non-vegetarians were 0.55 (95% CI 0.35-0.85), 0.69 (95% CI 0.53-0.90) and 0.92 (95% CI 0.73-1.16) for deaths from ischaemic heart disease at ages Conclusion Vegetarians have a lower risk of dying from ischaemic heart disease than non-vegetarians.
221 citations
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University of Copenhagen1, University of Newcastle2, University of Porto3, Bispebjerg Hospital4, Istituto Superiore di Sanità5, Swansea University6, Boston Children's Hospital7, Norwegian Institute of Public Health8, University of Bologna9, University of Basel10, University of Bern11, Utrecht University12, Vytautas Magnus University13, Aarhus University Hospital14, University of California, Davis15, University of Paris-Sud16, University of Illinois at Chicago17, Medical Research Council18, Erasmus University Rotterdam19, University of Bristol20, Linköping University21, University College Dublin22, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich23, Karolinska Institutet24, Odense University Hospital25, Paris Descartes University26, University College Cork27, National Institutes of Health28, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine29, Cancer Epidemiology Unit30, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre31, Maastricht University32, Bradford Royal Infirmary33
TL;DR: An overview of European pregnancy and birth cohorts registered in a freely accessible database located at http://www.birthcohorts.net demonstrates a great potential for cross-cohort collaboration addressing important aspects of child health.
Abstract: BACKGROUND
During the past 25 years, many pregnancy and birth cohorts have been established. Each cohort provides unique opportunities for examining associations of early-life exposures with child development and health. However, to fully exploit the large amount of available resources and to facilitate cross-cohort collaboration, it is necessary to have accessible information on each cohort and its individual characteristics. The aim of this work was to provide an overview of European pregnancy and birth cohorts registered in a freely accessible database located at http://www.birthcohorts.net.
METHODS
European pregnancy and birth cohorts initiated in 1980 or later with at least 300 mother-child pairs enrolled during pregnancy or at birth, and with postnatal data, were eligible for inclusion. Eligible cohorts were invited to provide information on the data and biological samples collected, as well as the timing of data collection.
RESULTS
In total, 70 cohorts were identified. Of these, 56 fulfilled the inclusion criteria encompassing a total of more than 500,000 live-born European children. The cohorts represented 19 countries with the majority of cohorts located in Northern and Western Europe. Some cohorts were general with multiple aims, whilst others focused on specific health or exposure-related research questions.
CONCLUSION
This work demonstrates a great potential for cross-cohort collaboration addressing important aspects of child health. The web site, http://www.birthcohorts.net, proved to be a useful tool for accessing information on European pregnancy and birth cohorts and their characteristics.
219 citations
Authors
Showing all 669 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Richard Peto | 183 | 683 | 231434 |
Kay-Tee Khaw | 174 | 1389 | 138782 |
Silvia Franceschi | 155 | 1340 | 112504 |
Timothy J. Key | 146 | 808 | 90810 |
Hans-Olov Adami | 145 | 908 | 83473 |
Alicja Wolk | 135 | 778 | 66239 |
Paolo Vineis | 134 | 1088 | 86608 |
Lars Klareskog | 131 | 697 | 63281 |
Eva Negri | 129 | 1010 | 66735 |
John A. Baron | 128 | 609 | 61182 |
Jack Cuzick | 128 | 754 | 79979 |
Anders Ekbom | 116 | 613 | 51430 |
C. La Vecchia | 115 | 817 | 53460 |
Valerie Beral | 114 | 471 | 53729 |
Carlo La Vecchia | 112 | 1265 | 56282 |