Carleton University

About: Carleton University is a education organization based out in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 15852 authors who have published 39650 publications receiving 1106610 citations.

Physiological causes and consequences of social status in salmonid fish.

Abstract: Social interactions in small groups of juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) lead to the formation of dominance hierarchies. Dominant fish hold better positions in the environment, gain a larger share of the available food and exhibit aggression towards fish lower in the hierarchy. By contrast, subordinate fish exhibit behavioural inhibition, including reduced activity and feeding. The behavioural characteristics associated with social status are likely the result of changes in brain monoamines resulting from social interactions. Whereas substantial physiological benefits, including higher growth rates and condition factor, are experienced by dominant trout, low social status appears to be a chronic stress, as indicated by sustained elevation of circulating cortisol concentrations in subordinate fish. High cortisol levels, in turn, may be responsible for many of the deleterious physiological consequences of low social status, including lower growth rates and condition factor, immunosuppression and increased mortality. Circulating cortisol levels may also be a factor in determining the outcome of social interactions in pairs of rainbow trout, and hence in determining social status. Rainbow trout treated with cortisol were significantly more likely to become subordinate in paired encounters with smaller untreated conspecifics.

Impact of Country-of-Origin Cues on Consumer Judgments in Multi-Cue Situations: a Covariance Analysis

Abstract: The effect of country-of-origin labelling on consumers’ assessments of product quality, risk to purchase, perceived value and likelihood of purchasing was tested experimentally in a multi-product, multi-cue setting. Country-of-origin information was found to be more important in affecting product quality assessments than were price and brand information. Price was important in value assessment while brand was significant in a few product specific cases. Age, education, sex, and perceptions of ability to judge products were variously related to consumers’ ratings of quality, risk, value and likelihood of purchase especially when the product was more complex and difficult to judge. However, much of the variation in consumer judgments was not accounted for by the variables employed in this study, suggesting that future research should include more detailed studies of information processing whereby intrinsic and extrinsic product cues and a wide range of consumer characteristics are taken into consideration.

Use Case Maps for Object-Oriented Systems

Abstract: Object-oriented and real time together the behavioural fabric of systems a context for designing with use case maps a simple example basic use case map model case study - a conventional object-oriented application advanced use case map model case study - high level design of a real-time, distributed system detailed design notation case study - rounding out the real-time, distributed system example macro and micro patterns supplementing familiar design methods. Appendix: notation summary some coding examples.

The detector simulation program for the OPAL experiment at LEP

Abstract: The Monte Carlo program for the OPAL experiment at the LEP ee collider is described. This program is based on the GEANT simulation package. The general organization of the program is outlined, and a description is given of the techniques used for simulating the various subdetectors of OPAL. The performance of the program is illustrated by comparisons with recent data recorded by OPAL at LEP. (Submitted to Nucl. Instr. and Meth.) School of Physics and Space Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK Dipartimento di Fisica dell' Universit a di Bologna and INFN, Bologna, 40126, Italy CNAF-INFN, Bologna, Italy Physikalisches Institut, Universitat Bonn, D-5300 Bonn 1, FRG Department of Physics, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521 USA Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK Carleton University, Dept of Physics, Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada Centre for Research in Particle Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada CERN, European Organisation for Particle Physics, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago Illinois 60637, USA Fakult at f ur Physik, Albert Ludwigs Universitat, D-7800 Freiburg, FRG Universitat Hamburg/DESY, II Inst. f ur Experimental Physik, 2000 Hamburg 52, FRG Physikalisches Institut, Universitat Heidelberg, Heidelberg, FRG Queen Mary and West eld College, University of London, London, E1 4NS, UK University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK Department of Physics, Schuster Laboratory, The University, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA Laboratoire de Physique Nucl eaire, Universit e de Montr eal, Montr eal, Quebec, H3C 3J7, Canada Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0QX, UK DPhPE, CEN Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France International Centre for Elementary Particle Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113, Japan Brunel University, Uxbridge, Middlesex, UB8 3PH UK Nuclear Physics Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel Present address: EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland Present address: Applied Silicon Inc, Ottawa, Canada Present address: Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0QX, UK On leave from Birmingham University, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK Present address: Culham Laboratory, Culham, Oxfordshire, UK Present address: Meiji Gakuin University, Yokohama 244, Japan