Institution
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Nonprofit•Cold Spring Harbor, New York, United States•
About: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory is a nonprofit organization based out in Cold Spring Harbor, New York, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Gene & Genome. The organization has 3772 authors who have published 6603 publications receiving 1010873 citations. The organization is also known as: CSHL.
Papers published on a yearly basis
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Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute1, London Research Institute2, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven3, Max Planck Society4, GATC Biotech5, Université catholique de Louvain6, Centre national de la recherche scientifique7, University of Exeter8, Institut national agronomique Paris Grignon9, University of Málaga10, Pablo de Olavide University11, University of Salamanca12, University of Sussex13, Salk Institute for Biological Studies14, Stanford University15, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory16, TigerLogic17, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science18, Russian Academy of Sciences19, Technical University of Denmark20
TL;DR: The genome of fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe), which contains the smallest number of protein-coding genes yet recorded for a eukaryote, is sequenced and highly conserved genes important for eukARYotic cell organization including those required for the cytoskeleton, compartmentation, cell-cycle control, proteolysis, protein phosphorylation and RNA splicing are identified.
Abstract: We have sequenced and annotated the genome of fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe), which contains the smallest number of protein-coding genes yet recorded for a eukaryote: 4,824. The centromeres are between 35 and 110 kilobases (kb) and contain related repeats including a highly conserved 1.8-kb element. Regions upstream of genes are longer than in budding yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), possibly reflecting more-extended control regions. Some 43% of the genes contain introns, of which there are 4,730. Fifty genes have significant similarity with human disease genes; half of these are cancer related. We identify highly conserved genes important for eukaryotic cell organization including those required for the cytoskeleton, compartmentation, cell-cycle control, proteolysis, protein phosphorylation and RNA splicing. These genes may have originated with the appearance of eukaryotic life. Few similarly conserved genes that are important for multicellular organization were identified, suggesting that the transition from prokaryotes to eukaryotes required more new genes than did the transition from unicellular to multicellular organization.
1,686 citations
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TL;DR: It is shown that in most of the colorectal carcinomas that were analysed, there is a reduction in the length of telomere repeat arrays relative to the normal colonic mucosa from the same patient, and it is proposed that the telomerase2–4 is inactive in somatic tissues, andTelomere length is an indicator of the number of cell divisions that it has taken to form a particular tissue and possibly to generate tumours.
Abstract: We have hypothesized that end-to-end chromosome fusions observed in some tumours could play a part in genetic instability associated with tumorigenesis and that fusion may result from the loss of the long stretches of G-rich repeats found at the ends of all linear chromosomes. We therefore asked whether there is telomere loss or reduction in common tumours. Here we show that in most of the colorectal carcinomas that we analysed, there is a reduction in the length of telomere repeat arrays relative to the normal colonic mucosa from the same patient. We speculate on the consequences of this loss for tumorigenesis. We also show that the telomere arrays are much smaller in colonic mucosa and blood than in fetal tissue and sperm, and that there is a reduction in average telomere length with age in blood and colon mucosa. We propose that the telomerase is inactive in somatic tissues, and that telomere length is an indicator of the number of cell divisions that it has taken to form a particular tissue and possibly to generate tumours.
1,673 citations
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TL;DR: The RAST tool kit (RASTtk), a modular version of RAST that enables researchers to build custom annotation pipelines and offers a choice of software for identifying and annotating genomic features as well as the ability to add custom features to an annotation job.
Abstract: The RAST (Rapid Annotation using Subsystem Technology) annotation engine was built in 2008 to annotate bacterial and archaeal genomes. It works by offering a standard software pipeline for identifying genomic features (i.e., protein-encoding genes and RNA) and annotating their functions. Recently, in order to make RAST a more useful research tool and to keep pace with advancements in bioinformatics, it has become desirable to build a version of RAST that is both customizable and extensible. In this paper, we describe the RAST tool kit (RASTtk), a modular version of RAST that enables researchers to build custom annotation pipelines. RASTtk offers a choice of software for identifying and annotating genomic features as well as the ability to add custom features to an annotation job. RASTtk also accommodates the batch submission of genomes and the ability to customize annotation protocols for batch submissions. This is the first major software restructuring of RAST since its inception.
1,666 citations
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TL;DR: Using genetic engineering in mice, approximately 20 Cre and inducible CreER knockin driver lines that reliably target major classes and lineages of GABAergic neurons are generated, thereby enabling a systematic and comprehensive analysis from cell fate specification, migration, and connectivity, to their functions in network dynamics and behavior.
1,655 citations
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TL;DR: HSCs reside in a perivascular niche in which multiple cell types express factors that promote HSC maintenance, and were depleted from bone marrow when Scf was deleted from endothelial cells or leptin receptor (Lepr)-expressing periv vascular stromal cells.
Abstract: Several cell types have been proposed to create niches for haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). However, the expression patterns of HSC maintenance factors have not been systematically studied and no such factor has been conditionally deleted from any candidate niche cell. Thus, the cellular sources of these factors are undetermined. Stem cell factor (SCF; also known as KITL) is a key niche component that maintains HSCs. Here, using Scf(gfp) knock-in mice, we found that Scf was primarily expressed by perivascular cells throughout the bone marrow. HSC frequency and function were not affected when Scf was conditionally deleted from haematopoietic cells, osteoblasts, nestin-cre- or nestin-creER-expressing cells. However, HSCs were depleted from bone marrow when Scf was deleted from endothelial cells or leptin receptor (Lepr)-expressing perivascular stromal cells. Most HSCs were lost when Scf was deleted from both endothelial and Lepr-expressing perivascular cells. Thus, HSCs reside in a perivascular niche in which multiple cell types express factors that promote HSC maintenance.
1,649 citations
Authors
Showing all 3800 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Phillip A. Sharp | 172 | 614 | 117126 |
Gregory J. Hannon | 165 | 421 | 140456 |
Ian A. Wilson | 158 | 971 | 98221 |
Marco A. Marra | 153 | 620 | 184684 |
Michael E. Greenberg | 148 | 316 | 114317 |
Tom Maniatis | 143 | 318 | 299495 |
Detlef Weigel | 142 | 516 | 84670 |
Kim Nasmyth | 142 | 294 | 59231 |
Arnold J. Levine | 139 | 485 | 116005 |
Joseph E. LeDoux | 139 | 478 | 91500 |
Gerald R. Fink | 138 | 316 | 70868 |
Ramnik J. Xavier | 138 | 597 | 101879 |
Harold E. Varmus | 137 | 496 | 76320 |
David A. Jackson | 136 | 1095 | 68352 |
Scott W. Lowe | 134 | 396 | 89376 |