Mobil

About: Mobil is a based out in . It is known for research contribution in the topics: Catalysis & Zeolite. The organization has 7085 authors who have published 10642 publications receiving 237497 citations. The organization is also known as: Socony-Vacuum Oil Company & Standard Oil Company of New York.

Single-phase flow through porous media

Abstract: The local volume average of the equation of motion is taken for an incompressible fluid flowing through a porous structure under conditions such that inertial effects may be neglected. The result has two terms beyond a pressure gradient: g, the force per unit volume which a flowing fluid exerts on a porous structure, and the divergence of the local volume-averaged extra stress tensor (viscous portion of the stress tensor). Constitutive equations for g are examined with the aid of the principle of material indifference. When g is assumed to be a function of the velocity of the fluid relative to the solid as well as various scalars, the usual results for a nonoriented (isotropic) porous structure are obtained. When g is assumed to be a function of the local porosity gradient as well, we derive a new expression for g applicable to oriented (anisotropic) porous structures. For a Newtonian fluid with a constant viscosity, the divergence of the local volume-averaged extra stress tensor is proportional to the Laplacian of the averaged velocity vector. Boundary conditions for the averaged velocity vector are discussed. Three problems are solved for the flow of an incompressible Newtonian fluid in a nonoriented permeable medium. These solutions, as well as an order-of-magnitude analysis, suggest that we may often neglect both the Laplacian of average velocity and the boundary conditions for the tangential components of averaged velocity at an impermeable wall. Two specific constitutive equations for g are proposed for the flow of incompressible Noll simple fluids in nonoriented porous structures. Flow through a porous medium bounded by an impermeable cylindrical surface is solved for these two constitutive equations, and the results are compared with previously available experimental data.

Octane and total yield improvement in catalytic cracking

Abstract: Octane and total yield improvement in catalytic cracking processes can be attained by the addition to conventional cracking catalysts of very small amounts of additive catalyst comprising a class of zeolites characterized by a silica to alumina mole ratio greater than about 12 and a constraint index of about 1 to 12. The additive catalyst is added to the conventional cracking catalyst in the cracking process in an amount which provides the zeolite component of the additive catalyst at from about 0.01 weight percent to about 1.0 weight percent of the conventional cracking catalyst in the cracking process.

Pressured Shale and Related Sediment Deformation--Mechanism for Development of Regional Contemporaneous Faults: ABSTRACT

Abstract: Regional contemporaneous faults of the Texas coastal area are formed on the seaward flanks of deeply buried linear shale masses characterized by low bulk density and high fluid pressure. From seismic data, these masses, commonly tens of miles in length, have been observed to range in size up to 25 mi in width and 10,000 ft vertically. These features, aligned subparallel with the coast, represent residual masses of undercompacted sediment between sandstone-shale depoaxes in which greater compaction has occurred. Most regional contemporaneous fault systems in the Texas coastal area consist of comparatively simple down-to-basin faults that formed during times of shoreline regression, when periods of fault development were relatively short. In cross-sectional view, faults in hese systems flatten and converge at depth to planes related to fluid pressure and form the seaward flanks of underlying shale masses. Data indicate that faults formed during regressive phases of deposition were developed primarily as the result of differential compaction of adjacent sedimentary masses. These faults die out at depth near the depoaxes of the sandstone-shale sections. Where subsidence exceeded the rate of deposition, gravitational faults developed where basinward sea-floor inclination was established in the area of deposition. Some of these faults became bedding-plane type when the inclination of basinward-dipping beds equaled the critical slope angle for gravitational slide. Fault patterns developed in this manner are comparatively complex and consist of one or more gravitational faults with numerous antithetic faults and related rotational blocks. Postdepositional faults are common on the landward flanks of deeply buried linear shale masses. Many of these faults dip seaward and intersect the underlying low-density shale at relatively steep angles. Conclusions derived from these observations support the concept of regional contemporaneous fault development through sedimentary processes where thick masses of shale are present and where deep-seated tectonic effects are minimal.

Protruding end stops for plastic reclosable fastener

Abstract: A thermoplastic bag having a zipper that is operated by a slider is provided with end stops that are integral with the ends of the zipper and prevent the slider from going off past the end of the zipper and coming off the bag. There is also disclosed a method for forming these end stops by ultrasonically smashing the ends of the zipper.

Eustatic control of turbidites and winnowed turbidites

Abstract: Global changes in sea level, primarily the results of tectonism and glaciation, control deep-sea sedimentation. During periods of low sea level the frequency of turbidity currents is greatly increased. Episodes of low sea level also cause vigorous contour currents, which winnow away the fines of turbidites. In the rock record, the occurrence of most turbidites and winnowed turbidites closely corresponds to global lowstands of paleo-sea level. This observation may be useful in predicting the occurrence of deep-sea reservoir facies in the geologic record.