Pierre-and-Marie-Curie University

About: Pierre-and-Marie-Curie University is a education organization based out in Paris, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Raman spectroscopy. The organization has 34448 authors who have published 56139 publications receiving 2392398 citations.

Subordinators: Examples and Applications

Abstract: 0. Foreword 1. Elements on subordinators 1.1. Definitions and first properties 1.2. The Levy-Khintchine formula 1.3. The renewal measure 1.4. The range of a subordinator 2. Regenerative property 2.1. Regenerative sets 2.2. Connection with Markov processes 3. Asymptotic behaviour of last passage times 3.1. Asymptotic behaviour in distribution 3.1.1. The self-similar case 3.1.2. The Dynkin-Lamperti theorem 3.2. Asymptotic sample path behaviour 4. Rates of growth of local time 4.1. Law of the iterated logarithm 4.2. Modulus of continuity 5. Geometric properties of regenerative sets 5.1. Fractal dimensions 5.1.1. Box-counting dimension 5.1.2. Hausdorff and packing dimensions 5.2. Intersections with a regenerative set 5.2.1. Equilibrium measure and capacity 5.2.2. Dimension criteria 5.2.3. Intersection of independant regenerative sets 6. Burgers equation with Brownian initial velocity 6.1. Burgers equation and the Hopf-Cole Solution 6.2. Brownian initial velocity 6.3. Proof of the theorem 7. Random covering 7.1. Setting 7.2. The Laplace exponent of the uncovered set 7.3. Some properties of the uncovered set 8. Levy processes 8.1. Local time at a fixed point 8.2. Local time at the supremum 8.3. The spectrally negative case 8.4. Bochner’s subordination for Levy processes 9. Occupation times of a linear Brownian motion 9.1. Occupation times and subordinators 9.2. Levy measure and Laplace exponent 9.2.1. Levy measure via excursion theory 9.2.2. Laplace exponent via the Sturm-Liouville equation 9.2.3. Spectral representation of the Laplace exponent 9.3. The zero set of a one-dimensional diffusion References

Organic matter preserved in 3-billion-year-old mudstones at Gale crater, Mars.

Abstract: Establishing the presence and state of organic matter, including its possible biosignatures, in martian materials has been an elusive quest, despite limited reports of the existence of organic matter on Mars. We report the in situ detection of organic matter preserved in lacustrine mudstones at the base of the ~3.5-billion-year-old Murray formation at Pahrump Hills, Gale crater, by the Sample Analysis at Mars instrument suite onboard the Curiosity rover. Diverse pyrolysis products, including thiophenic, aromatic, and aliphatic compounds released at high temperatures (500° to 820°C), were directly detected by evolved gas analysis. Thiophenes were also observed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Their presence suggests that sulfurization aided organic matter preservation. At least 50 nanomoles of organic carbon persists, probably as macromolecules containing 5% carbon as organic sulfur molecules.

Hormones, developmental plasticity and adaptation

Abstract: Phenotypic plasticity is the extent to which an organism can change its physiology, behaviour, morphology and/or development in response to environmental cues. Environmentally induced differences in the endocrine system are among the underlying causes of phenotypic plasticity. For example, maternal and other environmental influences on developing young can affect the range of physiological and behavioural responses available to them as adults. The mechanisms underlying phenotypic plasticity can be elucidated using multidisciplinary approaches, in which the dynamic interactions among developmental, hormonal and environmental factors are considered. Such studies point to the importance of considering the overall developmental trajectory of an organism when assessing the adaptive value of phenotypic variation, rather than simply evaluating the individual at a single point in time.