Texas Christian University

About: Texas Christian University is a education organization based out in Fort Worth, Texas, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 3245 authors who have published 8258 publications receiving 282216 citations. The organization is also known as: TCU & Texas Christian University, TCU.

The structure of executive information systems: an exploratory analysis

Abstract: This paper reports on a study which attempted to identify the structure of executive information systems and evaluate their relationship to decision making. The study centered on answering the question: “Where and how do senior executives get their decision-making information?” The data, provided by five senior executives, were gathered by a variety of means which included personal interviews, questionnaires, and logs of the executives' incoming-information transactions for a two-week period. Our findings support beliefs that senior executives receive much information from the environment, that informal systems play a role equal to that of formal systems, and that computers do not provide much information directly to an executive. The study also found that internal information is important and that preferred sources and media vary with different decision roles. The authors suggest that the scope of MIS and DSS be broadened to match those information networks managers actually rely on in daily practice.

Organizational Culture as a Knowledge Resource

Abstract: Organizational culture has long been recognized as the underlying set of values systems that determines how firms perceive and react to their environments. While there is widespread agreement over the relevance of culture and its impact on organizations, many believe that culture exists as a concept than can be neither measured nor controlled. This chapter considers an alternate view in characterizing culture as an important knowledge resource that facilitates the management of a firm’s intellectual (knowledge) assets. We first present a brief overview of organizational culture and then examine culture as an organizational resource that facilitates four key knowledge management activities. As part of this analysis, a series of research hypotheses is offered to provide a link between certain cultural sub-types and effective knowledge management practice in each of four areas: knowledge creation, storage, transfer, and application. A key implication of this chapter is that firms must increasingly view their culture as a competitive resource that must be managed in order to become a learning organization. As part of this management process, senior executives must be able to manage the various sub-cultures found within their organizations and to foster those sub-cultures consistent with knowledge management objectives. The chapter concludes by considering knowledge management initiatives as an opportunity to change corporate cultures.

Recruiters’ Inferences of Applicant Personality Based on Resume Screening: Do Paper People have a Personality?

Abstract: Research shows recruiters infer dispositional characteristics from job applicants’ resumes and use these inferences in evaluating applicants’ employability. However, the reliability and validity of these inferences have not been empirically tested. Using data collected from 244 recruiters, we found low levels of estimated interrater reliability when they reviewed entry-level applicants’ resumes and made inferences regarding applicants’ personality traits. Moreover, when recruiters’ inferences of applicant personality were correlated with applicants’ actual Big Five personality scores, results indicated that recruiters’ inferences lacked validity, with the possible exceptions of extraversion and openness to experience. Finally, despite being largely unreliable and invalid, recruiters’ inferences of applicants’ extraversion, openness to experience, and conscientiousness predicted the recruiters’ subsequent employability assessments of the applicants.

Exercise-induced muscle damage: effect on circulating leukocyte and lymphocyte subsets.

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of downhill and level running on circulating leukocyte and lymphocyte subsets and T lymphocyte activation. Using a random cross-over design, 10 runners completed two trials of 60 min of level running (0% grade; LR) and downhill running (-10% grade; DHR) at 70% of level VO2max. Blood samples were obtained preexercise and immediately postexercise (POST) and at 1.5, 12, 24, and 48 h of recovery. Creatine kinase activity peaked at 12 h of recovery from DHR and was not significantly altered following LR. The number of total T, CD16+, CD3+CD56+ cells were significantly higher POST DHR compared with LR. Leukocyte and neutrophil counts were significantly higher at 1.5 and 12 h of recovery from DHR compared with LR. The number of activated CD8+ cells (CD25+ CD8+) was significantly higher at 12 h of DHR compared to LR. Total T cells were significantly reduced at various time points during the 48 h of recovery from LR and DHR. In summary, DHR relative to LR resulted in a greater mobilization of lymphocytes (post), neutrophils (1.5-12 h of recovery) and activation of CD8+ cells at 12 h of recovery. In addition, reductions in circulating T lymphocyte subsets occurred following both conditions.