University of Kentucky

About: University of Kentucky is a education organization based out in Lexington, Kentucky, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 43933 authors who have published 92195 publications receiving 3256087 citations. The organization is also known as: UK.

US Cosmic Visions: New Ideas in Dark Matter 2017: Community Report

Abstract: This white paper summarizes the workshop "U.S. Cosmic Visions: New Ideas in Dark Matter" held at University of Maryland on March 23-25, 2017.

Improvement of bilateral motor functions in patients with Parkinson disease through the unilateral intraputaminal infusion of glial cell line—derived neurotrophic factor

Abstract: Object. Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) has demonstrated significant antiparkinsonian actions in several animal models and in a recent pilot study in England in which four of five patients received bilateral putaminal delivery. In the present study the authors report on a 6-month unilateral intraputaminal GDNF infusion in 10 patients with advanced Parkinson disease (PD). Methods. Patients with PD in a functionally defined on and off state were evaluated 1 week before and 1 and 4 weeks after intraputaminal catheter implantation in the side contralateral to the most affected side. Each patient was placed on a dose-escalation regimen of GDNF: 3, 10, and 30 µg/day at successive 8-week intervals, followed by a 1-month wash-out period. The Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) total scores in the on and off states significantly improved 34 and 33%, respectively, at 24 weeks compared with baseline scores (95% confidence interval [CI] 18–47% for off scores and 16–51% for on scores). ...

Compassion Fatigue, Compassion Satisfaction, and Burnout: Factors Impacting a Professional's Quality of Life

Abstract: This study examined the relationship between three variables, compassion fatigue (CF), compassion satisfaction (CS), and burnout, and provider and setting characteristics in a sample of 1,121 mental health providers in a rural southern state. Respondents completed the Professional Quality of Life Scale as part of a larger survey of provider practice patterns. Female gender was associated with higher levels of CF, and therapists with specialized training in trauma work reported higher levels of CS than nonspecialists. Provider discipline proved to be an important factor, with psychiatrists reporting higher levels of CF than their non-medicalcounterparts. When providers were compared using rural, urban, and rural with urban influence classifications, the most rural providers reported increased levels of burnout but could not be distinguished from their colleagues on the CF and CS subscales. Important practice, education, and policy implications are noted for a multidisciplinary audience.

Sublethal Effects of Neurotoxic Insecticides on Insect Behavior

Abstract: PERSPECTIVES AND OVERVIEWThe behavior of insects, and all animals, is governed by interactions amongneurons within their nervous systems. Insecticides have been selected andsometimes designed for their remarkable ability to kill insects. Most attackspecific sites within the insect’s nervous system (59, 63; see section on modesand sites of action). Therefore it is not surprising that insecticides at levelsthat do not lead to mortality can influence behavior. However, there havebeen few detailed studies concerning the potential behavioral effects ofsublethal doses of insecticides.Studies of the behavioral effects of neurotoxicants are important for severalreasons (89). First, detailed observations of the behavioral symptoms poisoned insects will help to elucidate the modes of action of both novel andconventional insecticides. Second, it is clear that almost all insecticidesinterfere with the normally well-orchestrated behavioral patterns of pestinsects and thus might contribute to management of their populations. Animportant related point is that beneficial insects may be adversely affected bythese compounds in a way that is overlooked by current screening procedures.Lastly, selection may favor those insects that respond to insecticides in theenvironment by minimizing their contact with the toxic material; thus thepotential for evolution of behavioral resistance to insecticides is anotherimportant consideration.Insecticides are the cornerstones upon which pest management practices arebased, and are likely to remain so as long as effective and inexpensivechemicals are available. However, many insect-pest management techniques1490066-4 170/88/0101-0149 $02.00Annual Reviews www.annualreviews.org/aronline