Journal ArticleDOI
A small jab – a big effect: nonspecific immunomodulation by vaccines
TLDR
New research suggests that the nonspecific effects of vaccines are related to cross-reactivity of the adaptive immune system with unrelated pathogens, and to training of the innate immune system through epigenetic reprogramming.About:
This article is published in Trends in Immunology.The article was published on 2013-09-01. It has received 406 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Acquired immune system & Immune system.read more
Citations
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Vaccination as a preventative measure contributing to immune fitness.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the concept of immune fitness and how to potentially build a resilient immune system that could contribute to better health, and argue that vaccines may contribute positively to immune fitness in ways that are only beginning to be understood.
Journal ArticleDOI
Early findings in outbreak of haemolytic uraemic syndrome among young children caused by Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli, Romania, January to February 2016.
Emilie Peron,Alina Zaharia,Lavinia Cipriana Zota,Ettore Severi,Otilia Mardh,Codruta Usein,Mihaela Balgradean,Laura Espinosa,Josep Jansa,Gaia Scavia,Alexandru Rafila,Alexandru Rafila,Amalia Serban,Adriana Pistol +13 more
TL;DR: Investigations are ongoing in Romania to control the outbreak of haemolytic uraemic syndrome with onset among children between five and 38 months, and three of them died.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of BCG vaccination on proinflammatory responses in elderly individuals.
Nathella Pavan Kumar,Chandrasekaran Padmapriyadarsini,Anuradha Rajamanickam,Shrinivasa B. Marinaik,Arul Nancy,Srinivasan Padmanaban,Nabila Akbar,Manoj V Murhekar,Subash Babu +8 more
TL;DR: In this article, the influence of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccination on the unstimulated plasma levels of a wide panel of cytokines, chemokines, acute-phase proteins (APPs), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and growth factors in a group of healthy elderly individuals was investigated.
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The Effect of Smallpox and Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Vaccination on the Risk of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Infection in Guinea-Bissau and Denmark
Andreas Rieckmann,Andreas Rieckmann,Marie Villumsen,Marie Villumsen,Mette Lundsby Jensen,Henrik Ravn,Zacarias da Silva,Signe Sørup,Jennifer L. Baker,Jennifer L. Baker,Amabelia Rodrigues,Christine Stabell Benn,Christine Stabell Benn,Adam Roth,Peter Aaby +14 more
TL;DR: The studies from Guinea-Bissau and Denmark, 2 very different settings, both suggest that the BCG and smallpox vaccines could be associated with a decreased risk of sexually transmitted HIV-1.
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Developing whole mycobacteria cell vaccines for tuberculosis: Workshop proceedings, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany, July 9, 2014
Stefan H. E. Kaufmann,B Bloom,Roland Brosch,P-J Cardona,Hazel M. Dockrell,Bernard Fritzell,Leander Grode,Willem A. Hanekom,David A. Hokey,Michael Levin,Carlos Martin,Peter Sander,Thomas J. Scriba,Umesh Shaligram,M. Tameris,F von Reyn,Bruce D. Walker,January Weiner,Richard G. White,Lewis K. Schrager +19 more
TL;DR: It is concurred that an effective TB vaccine would have the greatest impact on TB control when administered to adolescents and adults, and that use of whole mycobacteria cells as TB vaccine candidates merits greater support, particularly given the limited understanding of the specific Mtb antigens necessary to generate an immune response capable of preventing Mtb infection and/or disease.
References
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Pathogen Recognition and Innate Immunity
TL;DR: New insights into innate immunity are changing the way the way the authors think about pathogenesis and the treatment of infectious diseases, allergy, and autoimmunity.
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Systemic acquired resistance
W.E. Durrant,Xinnian Dong +1 more
TL;DR: A model describing the sequence of events leading from initial infection to the induction of defense genes is presented and exciting new data suggest that the mobile signal for SAR might be a lipid molecule.
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How to Grow a Mind: Statistics, Structure, and Abstraction
TL;DR: This review describes recent approaches to reverse-engineering human learning and cognitive development and, in parallel, engineering more humanlike machine learning systems.
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Adaptive immune features of natural killer cells
TL;DR: A mouse model of cytomegalovirus infection is used to show that, like T cells, NK cells bearing the virus-specific Ly49H receptor proliferate 100-fold in the spleen and 1,000- fold in the liver after infection.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bacille Calmette-Guérin induces NOD2-dependent nonspecific protection from reinfection via epigenetic reprogramming of monocytes
Johanneke Kleinnijenhuis,Jessica Quintin,Frank Preijers,Leo A. B. Joosten,Daniela C. Ifrim,Sadia Saeed,Cor Jacobs,Joke van Loenhout,Dirk J. de Jong,Hendrik G. Stunnenberg,Ramnik J. Xavier,Ramnik J. Xavier,Jos W. M. van der Meer,Reinout van Crevel,Mihai G. Netea +14 more
TL;DR: It is shown that bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination in healthy volunteers led to a four- to sevenfold increase in the production of IFN-γ, but also to a twofold enhanced release of monocyte-derived cytokines, such as TNF and IL-1β, in response to unrelated bacterial and fungal pathogens.