Brain region-specific gene expression profiles in freshly isolated rat microglia
Karlijn J. Doorn,Karlijn J. Doorn,John J. P. Brevé,Benjamin Drukarch,Hendrikus Boddeke,Inge Huitinga,Paul J. Lucassen,Anne-Marie van Dam +7 more
TLDR
It is shown that the genetic profile of microglia already differs between different brain regions when studied under control conditions, which implies that brain region-specific microglial gene expression profiles exist that may contribute to the region- specific differences in microglian responsivity during disease conditions, such as seen in, e.g., PD.Abstract:
Microglia are important cells in the brain that can acquire different morphological and functional phenotypes dependent on the local situation they encounter. Knowledge on the region-specific gene signature of microglia may hold valuable clues for microglial functioning in health and disease, e.g., Parkinson's disease (PD) in which microglial phenotypes differ between affected brain regions. Therefore, we here investigated whether regional differences exist in gene expression profiles of microglia that are isolated from healthy rat brain regions relevant for PD. We used an optimized isolation protocol based on a rapid isolation of microglia from discrete rat gray matter regions using density gradients and fluorescent-activated cell sorting. Application of the present protocol followed by gene expression analysis enabled us to identify subtle differences in region-specific microglial expression profiles and show that the genetic profile of microglia already differs between different brain regions when studied under control conditions. As such, these novel findings imply that brain region-specific microglial gene expression profiles exist that may contribute to the region-specific differences in microglia responsivity during disease conditions, such as seen in, e.g., PD.read more
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Spatial and temporal heterogeneity of mouse and human microglia at single-cell resolution.
Takahiro Masuda,Roman Sankowski,Ori Staszewski,Chotima Böttcher,Lukas Amann,Sagar,Christian Scheiwe,Stefan Nessler,Patrik Kunz,Geert van Loo,Volker A. Coenen,Peter C. Reinacher,Anna Michel,Ulrich Sure,Ralf Gold,Dominic Grün,Josef Priller,Josef Priller,Christine Stadelmann,Marco Prinz +19 more
TL;DR: Insight is provided into the endogenous immune system of the central nervous system during development, homeostasis and disease, and may also provide new targets for the treatment of neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory pathologies.
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Spatial Transcriptomics and In Situ Sequencing to Study Alzheimer's Disease.
Wei Ting Chen,Wei Ting Chen,Ashley Lu,Ashley Lu,Katleen Craessaerts,Katleen Craessaerts,Benjamin Pavie,Carlo Sala Frigerio,Carlo Sala Frigerio,Carlo Sala Frigerio,Nikky Corthout,Xiaoyan Qian,Jana Lalakova,Malte Kühnemund,Iryna Voytyuk,Iryna Voytyuk,Leen Wolfs,Leen Wolfs,Renzo Mancuso,Renzo Mancuso,Evgenia Salta,Evgenia Salta,Sriram Balusu,Sriram Balusu,An Snellinx,An Snellinx,Sebastian Munck,Aleksandra Jurek,José Fernández Navarro,Takaomi C. Saido,Inge Huitinga,Inge Huitinga,Joakim Lundeberg,Mark Fiers,Mark Fiers,Mark Fiers,Bart De Strooper,Bart De Strooper,Bart De Strooper +38 more
TL;DR: Genome-wide spatial transcriptomics analysis provides an unprecedented approach to untangle the dysregulated cellular network in the vicinity of pathogenic hallmarks of AD and other brain diseases.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Indispensable Roles of Microglia and Astrocytes during Brain Development
TL;DR: A better understanding of the origin, differentiation process and developmental functions of microglia and astrocytes will help to fully appreciate their role both in the developing as well as in the adult brain, in health and disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
Microglia across the lifespan: from origin to function in brain development, plasticity and cognition.
TL;DR: A review of the emerging roles of microglia in brain development, plasticity and cognition, and discuss the implications of the depletion or dysfunction of micro-glia for our understanding of disease pathogenesis is presented in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Microglia Heterogeneity in the Single-Cell Era
TL;DR: The recent emergence of novel single- cell techniques, such as cytometry by time-of-flight mass spectrometry and single-cell RNA sequencing, have enabled scientists to overcome limitations and reveal the surprising context-dependent heterogeneity of microglia.
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