Features of the bronchial bacterial microbiome associated with atopy, asthma, and responsiveness to inhaled corticosteroid treatment
Juliana Durack,Susan V. Lynch,Snehal Nariya,Nirav R. Bhakta,Avraham Beigelman,Mario Castro,Anne Marie Dyer,Elliot Israel,Monica Kraft,Richard J. Martin,David T. Mauger,Sharon R. Rosenberg,Tonya Sharp-King,Steven R. White,Prescott G. Woodruff,Pedro C. Avila,Loren C. Denlinger,Fernando Holguin,Stephen C. Lazarus,Njira L Lugogo,Wendy C. Moore,Stephen P. Peters,Loretta G. Que,Lewis J. Smith,Christine A. Sorkness,Michael E. Wechsler,Sally E. Wenzel,Homer A. Boushey,Yvonne J. Huang +28 more
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TLDR
Even in subjects with mild steroid‐naive asthma, differences in the bronchial microbiome are associated with immunologic and clinical features of the disease, suggesting possible microbiome targets for future approaches to asthma treatment or prevention.Abstract:
Background Compositional differences in the bronchial bacterial microbiota have been associated with asthma, but it remains unclear whether the findings are attributable to asthma, to aeroallergen sensitization, or to inhaled corticosteroid treatment. Objectives We sought to compare the bronchial bacterial microbiota in adults with steroid-naive atopic asthma, subjects with atopy but no asthma, and nonatopic healthy control subjects and to determine relationships of the bronchial microbiota to phenotypic features of asthma. Methods Bacterial communities in protected bronchial brushings from 42 atopic asthmatic subjects, 21 subjects with atopy but no asthma, and 21 healthy control subjects were profiled by using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Bacterial composition and community-level functions inferred from sequence profiles were analyzed for between-group differences. Associations with clinical and inflammatory variables were examined, including markers of type 2–related inflammation and change in airway hyperresponsiveness after 6 weeks of fluticasone treatment. Results The bronchial microbiome differed significantly among the 3 groups. Asthmatic subjects were uniquely enriched in members of the Haemophilus , Neisseria , Fusobacterium , and Porphyromonas species and the Sphingomonodaceae family and depleted in members of the Mogibacteriaceae family and Lactobacillales order. Asthma-associated differences in predicted bacterial functions included involvement of amino acid and short-chain fatty acid metabolism pathways. Subjects with type 2–high asthma harbored significantly lower bronchial bacterial burden. Distinct changes in specific microbiota members were seen after fluticasone treatment. Steroid responsiveness was linked to differences in baseline compositional and functional features of the bacterial microbiome. Conclusion Even in subjects with mild steroid-naive asthma, differences in the bronchial microbiome are associated with immunologic and clinical features of the disease. The specific differences identified suggest possible microbiome targets for future approaches to asthma treatment or prevention.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
The lung microbiome.
TL;DR: The lung microbiome, a construct that incorporates microbes, their genetic material, and the products of microbial genes, is increasingly central to the understanding of the regulation of respiratory physiology and the processes that underlie lung pathogenesis.
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Beyond Hygiene: Commensal Microbiota and Allergic Diseases
TL;DR: Current findings on the relationship between commensal microbiota and allergic diseases are reviewed, and the underlying mechanisms that contribute to the regulation of allergic responses by commensAL microbiota are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Associations Between Gut Microbiota and Asthma Endotypes: A Cross-Sectional Study in South China Based on Patients with Newly Diagnosed Asthma.
Xiao-Ling Zou,Jin-Jie Wu,Hui-Xia Ye,Ding-Yun Feng,Ping Meng,Hai-Ling Yang,Wen-Bin Wu,Hong-tao Li,Zhen He,Tian-tuo Zhang +9 more
Abstract: Objective This study aimed to investigate the gut microbiome profile in different inflammatory phenotypes of treatment-naive newly diagnosed asthmatic adults, to gain insight on the associations between intestinal microbiota and phenotypic features that characterize asthma heterogeneity to develop new treatments for asthma. Methods Fresh stool samples were obtained from 20 healthy subjects and 47 newly diagnosed asthmatic patients prior to any interventions. The asthmatics were divided into allergic and non-allergic cohorts. Intestinal microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA next-generation sequencing. Demographic and clinical parameters were collected. Alpha and beta diversity analysis were calculated to detect differences within sample phylotype richness and evenness between controls and asthmatic patients. Statistically significant differences between samples were analyzed for all used metrics, and features of gut bacterial community structure were evaluated in relation to extensive clinical characteristics of asthmatic patients. Results Gut microbial compositions were significantly different between asthmatic and healthy groups. Alpha-diversity of the gut microbiome was significantly lower in asthmatics than in controls. The microbiome between allergic and non-allergic asthmatic patients were also different, and 28 differential species were identified. PPAR signaling pathway, carotenoid biosynthesis, and flavonoid biosynthesis were significantly positively correlated with allergy-associated clinical index, including FENO value, blood eosinophil counts, and serum IgE and IL-4 levels. A combination of Ruminococcus bromii, Brevundimonas vesicularis, and Clostridium disporicum showed an AUC of 0.743 in the specific allergic/non-allergic cohort. When integrating C. disporicum, flavone, flavonol biosynthesis, and serum IL-4 values, the AUC achieved 0.929 to classify asthmatics. At the same time, C. colinum and its associated functional pathway exhibited an AUC of 0.78 to distinguish allergic asthmatics from those without allergies. Conclusion We demonstrated a distinct taxonomic composition of gut microbiota in different asthmatic phenotypes, highlighting their significant relationships. Our study may support considerations of intestinal microbial signatures in delineating asthma phenotypes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Association between the sinus microbiota with eosinophilic inflammation and prognosis in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
TL;DR: A relationship between the microbiota and the host immune response in CRSwNPs support the immune responses and clinical outcomes of patients with an inflammatory disease that can cause lasting pain, pressure, and swelling in the sinuses.
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Host-microbe cross-talk in the lung microenvironment: implications for understanding and treating chronic lung disease.
Reinoud Gosens,Pieter S. Hiemstra,Ian M. Adcock,Ken R. Bracke,Robert P. Dickson,Philip M. Hansbro,Philip M. Hansbro,Susanne Krauss-Etschmann,Hermelijn H. Smits,Frank R. M. Stassen,Sabine Bartel +10 more
TL;DR: The reciprocal interaction between microbes and host in the lung is increasingly recognised as an important determinant of health and the complexity of this cross-talk needs to be taken into account when studying diseases and developing future new therapies.
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