Features of the bronchial bacterial microbiome associated with atopy, asthma, and responsiveness to inhaled corticosteroid treatment
Juliana Durack,Susan V. Lynch,Snehal Nariya,Nirav R. Bhakta,Avraham Beigelman,Mario Castro,Anne Marie Dyer,Elliot Israel,Monica Kraft,Richard J. Martin,David T. Mauger,Sharon R. Rosenberg,Tonya Sharp-King,Steven R. White,Prescott G. Woodruff,Pedro C. Avila,Loren C. Denlinger,Fernando Holguin,Stephen C. Lazarus,Njira L Lugogo,Wendy C. Moore,Stephen P. Peters,Loretta G. Que,Lewis J. Smith,Christine A. Sorkness,Michael E. Wechsler,Sally E. Wenzel,Homer A. Boushey,Yvonne J. Huang +28 more
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TLDR
Even in subjects with mild steroid‐naive asthma, differences in the bronchial microbiome are associated with immunologic and clinical features of the disease, suggesting possible microbiome targets for future approaches to asthma treatment or prevention.Abstract:
Background Compositional differences in the bronchial bacterial microbiota have been associated with asthma, but it remains unclear whether the findings are attributable to asthma, to aeroallergen sensitization, or to inhaled corticosteroid treatment. Objectives We sought to compare the bronchial bacterial microbiota in adults with steroid-naive atopic asthma, subjects with atopy but no asthma, and nonatopic healthy control subjects and to determine relationships of the bronchial microbiota to phenotypic features of asthma. Methods Bacterial communities in protected bronchial brushings from 42 atopic asthmatic subjects, 21 subjects with atopy but no asthma, and 21 healthy control subjects were profiled by using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Bacterial composition and community-level functions inferred from sequence profiles were analyzed for between-group differences. Associations with clinical and inflammatory variables were examined, including markers of type 2–related inflammation and change in airway hyperresponsiveness after 6 weeks of fluticasone treatment. Results The bronchial microbiome differed significantly among the 3 groups. Asthmatic subjects were uniquely enriched in members of the Haemophilus , Neisseria , Fusobacterium , and Porphyromonas species and the Sphingomonodaceae family and depleted in members of the Mogibacteriaceae family and Lactobacillales order. Asthma-associated differences in predicted bacterial functions included involvement of amino acid and short-chain fatty acid metabolism pathways. Subjects with type 2–high asthma harbored significantly lower bronchial bacterial burden. Distinct changes in specific microbiota members were seen after fluticasone treatment. Steroid responsiveness was linked to differences in baseline compositional and functional features of the bacterial microbiome. Conclusion Even in subjects with mild steroid-naive asthma, differences in the bronchial microbiome are associated with immunologic and clinical features of the disease. The specific differences identified suggest possible microbiome targets for future approaches to asthma treatment or prevention.read more
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Mechanisms and treatments for severe, steroid-resistant allergic airway disease and asthma
Philip M. Hansbro,Richard Kim,Malcolm R. Starkey,Chantal Donovan,Kamal Dua,Jemma R. Mayall,Gang Liu,Nicole G. Hansbro,Jodie L. Simpson,Lisa Wood,Jeremy A. Hirota,Darryl A. Knight,Paul S. Foster,Jay C. Horvat +13 more
TL;DR: Key findings from studies are discussed where the development of representative experimental models are described to improve the understanding of the links between infection and severe, steroid‐resistant forms of this disease and how they may be applicable to obesity‐or pollution‐associated asthma.
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The nasal microbiome in asthma.
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Respiratory microbiome and epithelial interactions shape immunity in the lungs.
TL;DR: This work discusses the current knowledge regarding the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which the pulmonary epithelium interacts with the lung microbiome in shaping immunity in the lung, and how defects in barrier structure and function may culminate in lung disease.
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Asthma progression and mortality: the role of inhaled corticosteroids.
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Sharon M. Carney,Jose C. Clemente,Michael J. Cox,Robert P. Dickson,Yvonne J. Huang,Georgios D Kitsios,Kirsten M. Kloepfer,Janice M. Leung,Tricia D. LeVan,Philip L. Molyneaux,Philip L. Molyneaux,Bethany B. Moore,David N O'Dwyer,Leopoldo N. Segal,Stavros Garantziotis +14 more
TL;DR: This review identifies and addresses several key elements of microbiome research: conceptual modeling and hypothesis framing, study design, experimental methodology and pitfalls, data analysis and reporting considerations, and explores possible future directions and research opportunities.
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