First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. V. Physical Origin of the Asymmetric Ring
Kazunori Akiyama,Antxon Alberdi,Walter Alef,Keiichi Asada,Rebecca Azulay,Rebecca Azulay,Anne Kathrin Baczko,David Ball,Mislav Baloković,John E. Barrett,Dan Bintley,Lindy Blackburn,W. Boland,Katherine L. Bouman,Katherine L. Bouman,Geoffrey C. Bower,Michael Bremer,Christiaan D. Brinkerink,Roger Brissenden,Silke Britzen,Avery E. Broderick,Avery E. Broderick,Dominique Broguiere,Thomas Bronzwaer,Do-Young Byun,John E. Carlstrom,Andrew Chael,Chi-kwan Chan,Shami Chatterjee,Koushik Chatterjee,Ming-Tang Chen,Yi Chen,Yi Chen,Ilje Cho,Pierre Christian,Pierre Christian,John Conway,James M. Cordes,Geoffrey B. Crew,Yuzhu Cui,Yuzhu Cui,Jordy Davelaar,Mariafelicia De Laurentis,Mariafelicia De Laurentis,Roger Deane,Roger Deane,Jessica Dempsey,Gregory Desvignes,Jason Dexter,Sheperd S. Doeleman,R. P. Eatough,Heino Falcke,Vincent L. Fish,Ed Fomalont,Raquel Fraga-Encinas,Per Friberg,Christian M. Fromm,José L. Gómez,Peter Galison,Peter Galison,Charles F. Gammie,Roberto Garcia,Olivier Gentaz,Boris Georgiev,Ciriaco Goddi,Ciriaco Goddi,Roman Gold,Minfeng Gu,Minfeng Gu,Mark Gurwell,Kazuhiro Hada,Kazuhiro Hada,Michael H. Hecht,Ronald Hesper,Luis C. Ho,Paul T. P. Ho,Mareki Honma,Mareki Honma,Chih-Wei Locutus Huang,Lei Huang,Lei Huang,David H. Hughes,Shiro Ikeda,Makoto Inoue,Sara Issaoun,David J. James,Buell T. Jannuzi,Michael Janssen,Britton Jeter,Wu Jiang,Michael D. Johnson,Svetlana G. Jorstad,Svetlana G. Jorstad,Taehyun Jung,Mansour Karami,Mansour Karami,Ramesh Karuppusamy,Tomohisa Kawashima,Garrett K. Keating,Mark Kettenis,Jae-Young Kim,Junhan Kim,Jongsoo Kim,Motoki Kino,Motoki Kino,Jun Yi Koay,Patrick M. Koch,Shoko Koyama,Michael Kramer,Carsten Kramer,Thomas P. Krichbaum,C. Y. Kuo,Tod R. Lauer,Sang-Sung Lee,Yan-Rong Li,Zhiyuan Li,Michael Lindqvist,Kuo Liu,Elisabetta Liuzzo,Wen Ping Lo,Wen Ping Lo,Andrei P. Lobanov,Laurent Loinard,Colin J. Lonsdale,Ru-Sen Lu,Ru-Sen Lu,Nicholas R. MacDonald,Jirong Mao,Sera Markoff,Daniel P. Marrone,Alan P. Marscher,Ivan Marti-Vidal,Satoki Matsushita,Lynn D. Matthews,Lia Medeiros,Lia Medeiros,Karl M. Menten,Yosuke Mizuno,Izumi Mizuno,James M. Moran,Kotaro Moriyama,Kotaro Moriyama,Monika Moscibrodzka,Cornelia Müller,Cornelia Müller,Hiroshi Nagai,Hiroshi Nagai,Neil M. Nagar,Masanori Nakamura,Ramesh Narayan,Gopal Narayanan,Iniyan Natarajan,Roberto Neri,Chunchong Ni,Aristeidis Noutsos,Hiroki Okino,Hiroki Okino,Hector Olivares,Tomoaki Oyama,Feryal Özel,Daniel C. M. Palumbo,Nimesh A. Patel,Ue-Li Pen,Ue-Li Pen,Ue-Li Pen,Dominic W. Pesce,Vincent Piétu,Richard L. Plambeck,Aleksandar Popstefanija,Oliver Porth,Oliver Porth,Ben Prather,Jorge A. Preciado-López,Dimitrios Psaltis,Hung Yi Pu,Venkatessh Ramakrishnan,Ramprasad Rao,Mark G. Rawlings,Alexander W. Raymond,Luciano Rezzolla,Bart Ripperda,Freek Roelofs,Alan E. E. Rogers,Eduardo Ros,Mel Rose,Arash Roshanineshat,Helge Rottmann,Alan L. Roy,Chet Ruszczyk,Benjamin R. Ryan,Kazi L.J. Rygl,S. Sánchez,David Sánchez-Arguelles,David Sánchez-Arguelles,Mahito Sasada,Mahito Sasada,Tuomas Savolainen,Tuomas Savolainen,F. Peter Schloerb,Karl Friedrich Schuster,Lijing Shao,Lijing Shao,Zhiqiang Shen,Zhiqiang Shen,Des Small,Bong Won Sohn,Bong Won Sohn,Jason SooHoo,Fumie Tazaki,Paul Tiede,Remo P. J. Tilanus,Remo P. J. Tilanus,Michael Titus,Kenji Toma,Pablo Torne,Tyler Trent,Sascha Trippe,Shuichiro Tsuda,Ilse van Bemmel,Huib Jan van Langevelde,Huib Jan van Langevelde,Daniel R. van Rossum,Jan Wagner,John Wardle,Jonathan Weintroub,Norbert Wex,Robert Wharton,Maciek Wielgus,George N. Wong,Qingwen Wu,André Young,Ken H. Young,Ziri Younsi,Ziri Younsi,Feng Yuan,Feng Yuan,Ye-Fei Yuan,J. Anton Zensus,Guang-Yao Zhao,Shan Shan Zhao,Shan Shan Zhao,Ziyan Zhu,Jadyn Anczarski,Frederick K. Baganoff,Andreas Eckart,Andreas Eckart,Joseph R. Farah,Joseph R. Farah,Daryl Haggard,Daryl Haggard,Zheng Meyer-Zhao,Zheng Meyer-Zhao,Daniel Michalik,A. Nadolski,Joseph Neilsen,Hiroaki Nishioka,Michael A. Nowak,Nicolas Pradel,Rurik A. Primiani,Kamal Souccar,Laura Vertatschitsch,Paul Yamaguchi,Shuo Zhang +262 more
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In this article, a large library of models based on general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) simulations and synthetic images produced by GRS was constructed and compared with the observed visibilities.Abstract:
The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) has mapped the central compact radio source of the elliptical galaxy M87 at 1.3 mm with unprecedented angular resolution. Here we consider the physical implications of the asymmetric ring seen in the 2017 EHT data. To this end, we construct a large library of models based on general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) simulations and synthetic images produced by general relativistic ray tracing. We compare the observed visibilities with this library and confirm that the asymmetric ring is consistent with earlier predictions of strong gravitational lensing of synchrotron emission from a hot plasma orbiting near the black hole event horizon. The ring radius and ring asymmetry depend on black hole mass and spin, respectively, and both are therefore expected to be stable when observed in future EHT campaigns. Overall, the observed image is consistent with expectations for the shadow of a spinning Kerr black hole as predicted by general relativity. If the black hole spin and M87's large scale jet are aligned, then the black hole spin vector is pointed away from Earth. Models in our library of non-spinning black holes are inconsistent with the observations as they do not produce sufficiently powerful jets. At the same time, in those models that produce a sufficiently powerful jet, the latter is powered by extraction of black hole spin energy through mechanisms akin to the Blandford-Znajek process. We briefly consider alternatives to a black hole for the central compact object. Analysis of existing EHT polarization data and data taken simultaneously at other wavelengths will soon enable new tests of the GRMHD models, as will future EHT campaigns at 230 and 345 GHz.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. I. The Shadow of the Supermassive Black Hole
Kazunori Akiyama,Antxon Alberdi,Walter Alef,Keiichi Asada,Rebecca Azulay,Rebecca Azulay,Anne Kathrin Baczko,David Ball,Mislav Baloković,John E. Barrett,Dan Bintley,Lindy Blackburn,W. Boland,Katherine L. Bouman,Katherine L. Bouman,Geoffrey C. Bower,Michael Bremer,Christiaan D. Brinkerink,Roger Brissenden,Silke Britzen,Avery E. Broderick,Avery E. Broderick,Dominique Broguiere,Thomas Bronzwaer,Do-Young Byun,John E. Carlstrom,Andrew Chael,Chi-kwan Chan,Shami Chatterjee,Koushik Chatterjee,Ming-Tang Chen,Yi Chen,Yi Chen,Ilje Cho,Pierre Christian,Pierre Christian,John Conway,James M. Cordes,Geoffrey B. Crew,Yuzhu Cui,Yuzhu Cui,Jordy Davelaar,Mariafelicia De Laurentis,Mariafelicia De Laurentis,Roger Deane,Roger Deane,Jessica Dempsey,Gregory Desvignes,Jason Dexter,Sheperd S. Doeleman,R. P. Eatough,Heino Falcke,Vincent L. Fish,Ed Fomalont,Raquel Fraga-Encinas,William T. Freeman,Per Friberg,Christian M. Fromm,José L. Gómez,Peter Galison,Charles F. Gammie,Roberto Garcia,Olivier Gentaz,Boris Georgiev,Ciriaco Goddi,Ciriaco Goddi,Roman Gold,Minfeng Gu,Minfeng Gu,Mark Gurwell,Kazuhiro Hada,Kazuhiro Hada,Michael H. Hecht,Ronald Hesper,Luis C. Ho,Paul T. P. Ho,Mareki Honma,Mareki Honma,Chih-Wei Locutus Huang,Lei Huang,Lei Huang,David H. Hughes,Shiro Ikeda,Makoto Inoue,Sara Issaoun,David J. James,Buell T. Jannuzi,Michael Janssen,Britton Jeter,Wu Jiang,Michael D. Johnson,Svetlana G. Jorstad,Svetlana G. Jorstad,Taehyun Jung,Mansour Karami,Mansour Karami,Ramesh Karuppusamy,Tomohisa Kawashima,Garrett K. Keating,Mark Kettenis,Jae-Young Kim,Junhan Kim,Jongsoo Kim,Motoki Kino,Motoki Kino,Jun Yi Koay,Patrick M. Koch,Shoko Koyama,Michael Kramer,Carsten Kramer,Thomas P. Krichbaum,C. Y. Kuo,Tod R. Lauer,Sang-Sung Lee,Yan-Rong Li,Zhiyuan Li,Michael Lindqvist,Kuo Liu,Elisabetta Liuzzo,Wen Ping Lo,Wen Ping Lo,Andrei P. Lobanov,Laurent Loinard,Colin J. Lonsdale,Ru-Sen Lu,Ru-Sen Lu,Nicholas R. MacDonald,Jirong Mao,Sera Markoff,Daniel P. Marrone,Alan P. Marscher,Ivan Marti-Vidal,Satoki Matsushita,Lynn D. Matthews,Lia Medeiros,Lia Medeiros,Karl M. Menten,Yosuke Mizuno,Izumi Mizuno,James M. Moran,Kotaro Moriyama,Kotaro Moriyama,Monika Moscibrodzka,Cornelia Müller,Cornelia Müller,Hiroshi Nagai,Hiroshi Nagai,Neil M. Nagar,Masanori Nakamura,Ramesh Narayan,Gopal Narayanan,Iniyan Natarajan,Roberto Neri,Chunchong Ni,Aristeidis Noutsos,Hiroki Okino,Hiroki Okino,Hector Olivares,Gisela N. Ortiz-León,Tomoaki Oyama,Feryal Özel,Daniel C. M. Palumbo,Nimesh A. Patel,Ue-Li Pen,Ue-Li Pen,Ue-Li Pen,Dominic W. Pesce,Vincent Piétu,Richard L. Plambeck,Aleksandar Popstefanija,Oliver Porth,Oliver Porth,Ben Prather,Jorge A. Preciado-López,Dimitrios Psaltis,Hung Yi Pu,Venkatessh Ramakrishnan,Ramprasad Rao,Mark G. Rawlings,Alexander W. Raymond,Luciano Rezzolla,Bart Ripperda,Freek Roelofs,Alan E. E. Rogers,Eduardo Ros,Mel Rose,Arash Roshanineshat,Helge Rottmann,Alan L. Roy,Chet Ruszczyk,Benjamin R. Ryan,Kazi L.J. Rygl,S. Sánchez,David Sánchez-Arguelles,David Sánchez-Arguelles,Mahito Sasada,Mahito Sasada,Tuomas Savolainen,Tuomas Savolainen,F. Peter Schloerb,Karl Friedrich Schuster,Lijing Shao,Lijing Shao,Zhiqiang Shen,Zhiqiang Shen,Des Small,Bong Won Sohn,Bong Won Sohn,Jason SooHoo,Fumie Tazaki,Paul Tiede,Remo P. J. Tilanus,Remo P. J. Tilanus,Michael Titus,Kenji Toma,Pablo Torne,Tyler Trent,Sascha Trippe,Shuichiro Tsuda,Ilse van Bemmel,Huib Jan van Langevelde,Huib Jan van Langevelde,Daniel R. van Rossum,Jan Wagner,John Wardle,Jonathan Weintroub,Norbert Wex,Robert Wharton,Maciek Wielgus,George N. Wong,Qingwen Wu,Ken H. Young,André Young,Ziri Younsi,Ziri Younsi,Feng Yuan,Feng Yuan,Ye-Fei Yuan,J. Anton Zensus,Guang-Yao Zhao,Shan Shan Zhao,Shan Shan Zhao,Ziyan Zhu,Juan-Carlos Algaba,Juan-Carlos Algaba,Alexander Allardi,Rodrigo Amestica,Jadyn Anczarski,Uwe Bach,Frederick K. Baganoff,Christopher Beaudoin,Bradford Benson,Ryan Berthold,J. Blanchard,J. Blanchard,Ray Blundell,Sandra Bustamente,Roger J. Cappallo,E. Castillo-Domínguez,E. Castillo-Domínguez,Chih Cheng Chang,Chih Cheng Chang,Shu Hao Chang,Song Chu Chang,Chung Chen Chen,Ryan Chilson,Timothy C. Chuter,Rodrigo Córdova Rosado,Iain Coulson,T. M. Crawford,Joseph Crowley,John David,Mark Derome,Matthew R. Dexter,Sven Dornbusch,Kevin A. Dudevoir,S. A. Dzib,Andreas Eckart,Andreas Eckart,Chris Eckert,Neal R. Erickson,W. B. Everett,Aaron Faber,Joseph R. Farah,Joseph R. Farah,Vernon Fath,Thomas W. Folkers,David C. Forbes,Robert Freund,Arturo I. Gómez-Ruiz,Arturo I. Gómez-Ruiz,David M. Gale,Feng Gao,Feng Gao,Gertie Geertsema,D. A. Graham,Christopher Greer,Ronald Grosslein,Frederic Gueth,Daryl Haggard,Daryl Haggard,N. W. Halverson,Chih Chiang Han,Kuo Chang Han,Jinchi Hao,Yutaka Hasegawa,Jason W. Henning,Jason W. Henning,Antonio Hernández-Gómez,Antonio Hernández-Gómez,Rubén Herrero-Illana,Stefan Heyminck,Akihiko Hirota,Akihiko Hirota,James Hoge,Yau De Huang,C. M. Violette Impellizzeri,C. M. Violette Impellizzeri,Homin Jiang,Atish Kamble,Ryan Keisler,Kimihiro Kimura,Yusuke Kono,Derek Kubo,John Kuroda,Richard Lacasse,R. Laing,Erik M. Leitch,Chao-Te Li,Lupin C.C. Lin,Lupin C.C. Lin,Ching Tang Liu,Kuan Yu Liu,Li Ming Lu,Ralph G. Marson,Pierre Martin-Cocher,Kyle D. Massingill,Callie Matulonis,Martin P. McColl,Stephen R. McWhirter,Hugo Messias,Hugo Messias,Zheng Meyer-Zhao,Zheng Meyer-Zhao,Daniel Michalik,A. Montaña,A. Montaña,William Montgomerie,M. Mora-Klein,Dirk Muders,A. Nadolski,S. Navarro,Joseph Neilsen,Chi H. Nguyen,Chi H. Nguyen,Hiroaki Nishioka,Timothy Norton,Michael A. Nowak,George Nystrom,Hideo Ogawa,Peter Oshiro,Harriet Parsons,Scott Paine,J. Peñalver,N. Phillips,N. Phillips,M. Poirier,Nicolas Pradel,Rurik A. Primiani,Philippe Raffin,Alexandra S. Rahlin,Alexandra S. Rahlin,George Reiland,Christopher Risacher,Ignacio Ruiz,Alejandro F. Sáez-Madain,Alejandro F. Sáez-Madain,Remi Sassella,Pim Schellart,Pim Schellart,Paul Shaw,Kevin M. Silva,Hotaka Shiokawa,David R. Smith,William Snow,Kamal Souccar,Don Sousa,Tirupati K. Sridharan,Ranjani Srinivasan,William Stahm,A. A. Stark,K. T. Story,Sjoerd T. Timmer,Laura Vertatschitsch,Craig Walther,Ta Shun Wei,Nathan Whitehorn,Alan R. Whitney,David P. Woody,J. G. A. Wouterloot,M. C. H. Wright,Paul Yamaguchi,Chen Yu Yu,M. Zeballos,M. Zeballos,Shuo Zhang,Lucy M. Ziurys +406 more
TL;DR: In this article, the Event Horizon Telescope was used to reconstruct event-horizon-scale images of the supermassive black hole candidate in the center of the giant elliptical galaxy M87.
Journal ArticleDOI
Advection-Dominated Accretion: Underfed Black Holes and Neutron Stars
Ramesh Narayan,Insu Yi +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe new optically thin solutions for rotating accretion flows around black holes and neutron stars, which are advection dominated, so that most of the viscously dissipated energy is advected radially with the flow.
Journal ArticleDOI
First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. VI. The Shadow and Mass of the Central Black Hole
Kazunori Akiyama,Antxon Alberdi,Walter Alef,Keiichi Asada,Rebecca Azulay,Rebecca Azulay,Anne Kathrin Baczko,David Ball,Mislav Baloković,Mislav Baloković,John E. Barrett,Dan Bintley,Lindy Blackburn,Lindy Blackburn,W. Boland,Katherine L. Bouman,Katherine L. Bouman,Katherine L. Bouman,Geoffrey C. Bower,Michael Bremer,Christiaan D. Brinkerink,Roger Brissenden,Roger Brissenden,Silke Britzen,Avery E. Broderick,Avery E. Broderick,Dominique Broguiere,Thomas Bronzwaer,Do-Young Byun,John E. Carlstrom,Andrew Chael,Andrew Chael,Chi-kwan Chan,Shami Chatterjee,Koushik Chatterjee,Ming-Tang Chen,Yi Chen,Ilje Cho,Pierre Christian,Pierre Christian,John Conway,James M. Cordes,Geoffrey B. Crew,Yuzhu Cui,Jordy Davelaar,Mariafelicia De Laurentis,Roger Deane,Roger Deane,Jessica Dempsey,Gregory Desvignes,Jason Dexter,Sheperd S. Doeleman,Sheperd S. Doeleman,R. P. Eatough,Heino Falcke,Vincent L. Fish,Ed Fomalont,Raquel Fraga-Encinas,Per Friberg,Christian M. Fromm,José L. Gómez,Peter Galison,Charles F. Gammie,Roberto Garcia,Olivier Gentaz,Boris Georgiev,Ciriaco Goddi,Ciriaco Goddi,Roman Gold,Minfeng Gu,Mark Gurwell,Kazuhiro Hada,Michael H. Hecht,Ronald Hesper,Luis C. Ho,Paul T. P. Ho,Mareki Honma,Chih-Wei Locutus Huang,Lei Huang,David H. Hughes,Shiro Ikeda,Makoto Inoue,Sara Issaoun,David J. James,David J. James,Buell T. Jannuzi,Michael Janssen,Britton Jeter,Wu Jiang,Michael D. Johnson,Michael D. Johnson,Svetlana G. Jorstad,Svetlana G. Jorstad,Taehyun Jung,Mansour Karami,Mansour Karami,Ramesh Karuppusamy,Tomohisa Kawashima,Garrett K. Keating,Mark Kettenis,Jae-Young Kim,Junhan Kim,Jongsoo Kim,Motoki Kino,Jun Yi Koay,Patrick M. Koch,Shoko Koyama,Michael Kramer,Carsten Kramer,Thomas P. Krichbaum,C. Y. Kuo,Tod R. Lauer,Sang-Sung Lee,Yan-Rong Li,Zhiyuan Li,Michael Lindqvist,Kuo Liu,Elisabetta Liuzzo,Wen Ping Lo,Wen Ping Lo,Andrei P. Lobanov,Laurent Loinard,Colin J. Lonsdale,Ru-Sen Lu,Ru-Sen Lu,Nicholas R. MacDonald,Jirong Mao,Sera Markoff,Daniel P. Marrone,Alan P. Marscher,Ivan Marti-Vidal,Satoki Matsushita,Lynn D. Matthews,Lia Medeiros,Lia Medeiros,Karl M. Menten,Yosuke Mizuno,Izumi Mizuno,James M. Moran,James M. Moran,Kotaro Moriyama,Monika Moscibrodzka,Cornelia Müller,Cornelia Müller,Hiroshi Nagai,Neil M. Nagar,Masanori Nakamura,Ramesh Narayan,Ramesh Narayan,Gopal Narayanan,Iniyan Natarajan,Roberto Neri,Chunchong Ni,Aristeidis Noutsos,Hiroki Okino,Hector Olivares,Tomoaki Oyama,Feryal Özel,Daniel C. M. Palumbo,Daniel C. M. Palumbo,Nimesh A. Patel,Ue-Li Pen,Dominic W. Pesce,Dominic W. Pesce,Vincent Piétu,Richard L. Plambeck,Aleksandar Popstefanija,Oliver Porth,Oliver Porth,Ben Prather,Jorge A. Preciado-López,Dimitrios Psaltis,Hung Yi Pu,Venkatessh Ramakrishnan,Ramprasad Rao,Mark G. Rawlings,Alexander W. Raymond,Alexander W. Raymond,Luciano Rezzolla,Bart Ripperda,Freek Roelofs,Alan E. E. Rogers,Eduardo Ros,Mel Rose,Arash Roshanineshat,Helge Rottmann,Alan L. Roy,Chet Ruszczyk,Benjamin R. Ryan,Kazi L.J. Rygl,S. Sánchez,David Sánchez-Arguelles,David Sánchez-Arguelles,Mahito Sasada,Tuomas Savolainen,Tuomas Savolainen,F. Peter Schloerb,Karl Friedrich Schuster,Lijing Shao,Lijing Shao,Zhiqiang Shen,Des Small,Bong Won Sohn,Bong Won Sohn,Jason SooHoo,Fumie Tazaki,Paul Tiede,Remo P. J. Tilanus,Remo P. J. Tilanus,Remo P. J. Tilanus,Michael Titus,Kenji Toma,Pablo Torne,Tyler Trent,Sascha Trippe,Shuichiro Tsuda,Ilse van Bemmel,Huib Jan van Langevelde,Huib Jan van Langevelde,Daniel R. van Rossum,Jan Wagner,John Wardle,Jonathan Weintroub,Jonathan Weintroub,Norbert Wex,Robert Wharton,Maciek Wielgus,Maciek Wielgus,George N. Wong,Qingwen Wu,André Young,Ken H. Young,Ziri Younsi,Ziri Younsi,Feng Yuan,Ye-Fei Yuan,J. Anton Zensus,Guang-Yao Zhao,Shan Shan Zhao,Shan Shan Zhao,Ziyan Zhu,Joseph R. Farah,Joseph R. Farah,Joseph R. Farah,Zheng Meyer-Zhao,Zheng Meyer-Zhao,Daniel Michalik,Daniel Michalik,A. Nadolski,Hiroaki Nishioka,Nicolas Pradel,Rurik A. Primiani,Kamal Souccar,Laura Vertatschitsch,Paul Yamaguchi +254 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present measurements of the properties of the central radio source in M87 using Event Horizon Telescope data obtained during the 2017 campaign, and find that >50% of the total flux at arcsecond scales comes from near the horizon and that the emission is dramatically suppressed interior to this region by a factor >10, providing direct evidence of the predicted shadow of a black hole.
Journal ArticleDOI
First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. IV. Imaging the Central Supermassive Black Hole
Kazunori Akiyama,Antxon Alberdi,Walter Alef,Keiichi Asada,Rebecca Azulay,Rebecca Azulay,Anne Kathrin Baczko,David Ball,Mislav Baloković,John E. Barrett,Dan Bintley,Lindy Blackburn,W. Boland,Katherine L. Bouman,Katherine L. Bouman,Geoffrey C. Bower,Michael Bremer,Christiaan D. Brinkerink,Roger Brissenden,Silke Britzen,Avery E. Broderick,Avery E. Broderick,Dominique Broguiere,Thomas Bronzwaer,Do-Young Byun,John E. Carlstrom,Andrew Chael,Chi-kwan Chan,Shami Chatterjee,Koushik Chatterjee,Ming-Tang Chen,Yi Chen,Yi Chen,Ilje Cho,Pierre Christian,Pierre Christian,John Conway,James M. Cordes,Geoffrey B. Crew,Yuzhu Cui,Yuzhu Cui,Jordy Davelaar,Mariafelicia De Laurentis,Mariafelicia De Laurentis,Roger Deane,Roger Deane,Jessica Dempsey,Gregory Desvignes,Jason Dexter,Sheperd S. Doeleman,R. P. Eatough,Heino Falcke,Vincent L. Fish,Ed Fomalont,Raquel Fraga-Encinas,William T. Freeman,Per Friberg,Christian M. Fromm,José L. Gómez,Peter Galison,Charles F. Gammie,Roberto Garcia,Olivier Gentaz,Boris Georgiev,Ciriaco Goddi,Ciriaco Goddi,Roman Gold,Minfeng Gu,Minfeng Gu,Mark Gurwell,Kazuhiro Hada,Kazuhiro Hada,Michael H. Hecht,Ronald Hesper,Luis C. Ho,Paul T. P. Ho,Mareki Honma,Mareki Honma,Chih-Wei Locutus Huang,Lei Huang,Lei Huang,David H. Hughes,Shiro Ikeda,Makoto Inoue,Sara Issaoun,David J. James,Buell T. Jannuzi,Michael Janssen,Britton Jeter,Wu Jiang,Michael D. Johnson,Svetlana G. Jorstad,Svetlana G. Jorstad,Taehyun Jung,Mansour Karami,Mansour Karami,Ramesh Karuppusamy,Tomohisa Kawashima,Garrett K. Keating,Mark Kettenis,Jae-Young Kim,Junhan Kim,Jongsoo Kim,Motoki Kino,Motoki Kino,Jun Yi Koay,Patrick M. Koch,Shoko Koyama,Michael Kramer,Carsten Kramer,Thomas P. Krichbaum,C. Y. Kuo,Tod R. Lauer,Sang-Sung Lee,Yan-Rong Li,Zhiyuan Li,Michael Lindqvist,Kuo Liu,Elisabetta Liuzzo,Wen Ping Lo,Wen Ping Lo,Andrei P. Lobanov,Laurent Loinard,Colin J. Lonsdale,Ru-Sen Lu,Ru-Sen Lu,Nicholas R. MacDonald,Jirong Mao,Sera Markoff,Daniel P. Marrone,Alan P. Marscher,Ivan Marti-Vidal,Satoki Matsushita,Lynn D. Matthews,Lia Medeiros,Lia Medeiros,Karl M. Menten,Yosuke Mizuno,Izumi Mizuno,James M. Moran,Kotaro Moriyama,Kotaro Moriyama,Monika Moscibrodzka,Cornelia Müller,Cornelia Müller,Hiroshi Nagai,Hiroshi Nagai,Neil M. Nagar,Masanori Nakamura,Ramesh Narayan,Gopal Narayanan,Iniyan Natarajan,Roberto Neri,Chunchong Ni,Aristeidis Noutsos,Hiroki Okino,Hiroki Okino,Hector Olivares,Tomoaki Oyama,Feryal Özel,Daniel C. M. Palumbo,Nimesh A. Patel,Ue-Li Pen,Ue-Li Pen,Ue-Li Pen,Dominic W. Pesce,Vincent Piétu,Richard L. Plambeck,Aleksandar Popstefanija,Oliver Porth,Oliver Porth,Ben Prather,Jorge A. Preciado-López,Dimitrios Psaltis,Hung Yi Pu,Venkatessh Ramakrishnan,Ramprasad Rao,Mark G. Rawlings,Alexander W. Raymond,Luciano Rezzolla,Bart Ripperda,Freek Roelofs,Alan E. E. Rogers,Eduardo Ros,Mel Rose,Arash Roshanineshat,Helge Rottmann,Alan L. Roy,Chet Ruszczyk,Benjamin R. Ryan,Kazi L.J. Rygl,S. Sánchez,David Sánchez-Arguelles,David Sánchez-Arguelles,Mahito Sasada,Mahito Sasada,Tuomas Savolainen,Tuomas Savolainen,F. Peter Schloerb,Karl Friedrich Schuster,Lijing Shao,Lijing Shao,Zhiqiang Shen,Zhiqiang Shen,Des Small,Bong Won Sohn,Bong Won Sohn,Jason SooHoo,Fumie Tazaki,Paul Tiede,Paul Tiede,Remo P. J. Tilanus,Remo P. J. Tilanus,Michael Titus,Kenji Toma,Pablo Torne,Tyler Trent,Sascha Trippe,Shuichiro Tsuda,Ilse van Bemmel,Huib Jan van Langevelde,Huib Jan van Langevelde,Daniel R. van Rossum,Jan Wagner,John Wardle,Jonathan Weintroub,Norbert Wex,Robert Wharton,Maciek Wielgus,George N. Wong,Qingwen Wu,André Young,Ken H. Young,Ziri Younsi,Ziri Younsi,Feng Yuan,Feng Yuan,Ye-Fei Yuan,J. Anton Zensus,Guang-Yao Zhao,Shan Shan Zhao,Shan Shan Zhao,Ziyan Zhu,Joseph R. Farah,Joseph R. Farah,Zheng Meyer-Zhao,Zheng Meyer-Zhao,Daniel Michalik,A. Nadolski,Hiroaki Nishioka,Nicolas Pradel,Rurik A. Primiani,Kamal Souccar,Laura Vertatschitsch,Paul Yamaguchi +254 more
TL;DR: In this article, the first Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) images of M87 were presented, using observations from April 2017 at 1.3 mm wavelength, showing a prominent ring with a diameter of ~40 μas, consistent with the size and shape of the lensed photon orbit encircling the "shadow" of a supermassive black hole.
Journal ArticleDOI
First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. II. Array and Instrumentation
Kazunori Akiyama,Antxon Alberdi,Walter Alef,Keiichi Asada,Rebecca Azulay,Rebecca Azulay,Anne Kathrin Baczko,David Ball,Mislav Baloković,John E. Barrett,Dan Bintley,Lindy Blackburn,W. Boland,Katherine L. Bouman,Katherine L. Bouman,Geoffrey C. Bower,Michael Bremer,Christiaan D. Brinkerink,Roger Brissenden,Silke Britzen,Avery E. Broderick,Avery E. Broderick,Dominique Broguiere,Thomas Bronzwaer,Do-Young Byun,John E. Carlstrom,Andrew Chael,Chi-kwan Chan,Shami Chatterjee,Koushik Chatterjee,Ming-Tang Chen,Yi Chen,Yi Chen,Ilje Cho,Pierre Christian,Pierre Christian,John Conway,James M. Cordes,Geoffrey B. Crew,Yuzhu Cui,Yuzhu Cui,Jordy Davelaar,Mariafelicia De Laurentis,Mariafelicia De Laurentis,Roger Deane,Roger Deane,Jessica Dempsey,Gregory Desvignes,Jason Dexter,Sheperd S. Doeleman,R. P. Eatough,Heino Falcke,Vincent L. Fish,Ed Fomalont,Raquel Fraga-Encinas,Per Friberg,Christian M. Fromm,José L. Gómez,Peter Galison,Charles F. Gammie,Roberto Garcia,Olivier Gentaz,Boris Georgiev,Ciriaco Goddi,Ciriaco Goddi,Roman Gold,Minfeng Gu,Minfeng Gu,Mark Gurwell,Kazuhiro Hada,Kazuhiro Hada,Michael H. Hecht,Ronald Hesper,Luis C. Ho,Paul T. P. Ho,Mareki Honma,Mareki Honma,Chih-Wei Locutus Huang,Lei Huang,Lei Huang,David H. Hughes,Shiro Ikeda,Makoto Inoue,Sara Issaoun,David J. James,Buell T. Jannuzi,Michael Janssen,Britton Jeter,Wu Jiang,Michael D. Johnson,Svetlana G. Jorstad,Svetlana G. Jorstad,Taehyun Jung,Mansour Karami,Mansour Karami,Ramesh Karuppusamy,Tomohisa Kawashima,Garrett K. Keating,Mark Kettenis,Jae-Young Kim,Junhan Kim,Jongsoo Kim,Motoki Kino,Motoki Kino,Jun Yi Koay,Patrick M. Koch,Shoko Koyama,Michael Kramer,Carsten Kramer,Thomas P. Krichbaum,C. Y. Kuo,Tod R. Lauer,Sang-Sung Lee,Yan-Rong Li,Zhiyuan Li,Michael Lindqvist,Kuo Liu,Elisabetta Liuzzo,Wen Ping Lo,Wen Ping Lo,Andrei P. Lobanov,Laurent Loinard,Colin J. Lonsdale,Ru-Sen Lu,Ru-Sen Lu,Nicholas R. MacDonald,Jirong Mao,Sera Markoff,Daniel P. Marrone,Alan P. Marscher,Ivan Marti-Vidal,Satoki Matsushita,Lynn D. Matthews,Lia Medeiros,Lia Medeiros,Karl M. Menten,Yosuke Mizuno,Izumi Mizuno,James M. Moran,Kotaro Moriyama,Kotaro Moriyama,Monika Moscibrodzka,Cornelia Müller,Cornelia Müller,Hiroshi Nagai,Hiroshi Nagai,Neil M. Nagar,Masanori Nakamura,Ramesh Narayan,Gopal Narayanan,Iniyan Natarajan,Roberto Neri,Chunchong Ni,Aristeidis Noutsos,Hiroki Okino,Hiroki Okino,Hector Olivares,Gisela N. Ortiz-León,Tomoaki Oyama,Feryal Özel,Daniel C. M. Palumbo,Nimesh A. Patel,Ue-Li Pen,Ue-Li Pen,Ue-Li Pen,Dominic W. Pesce,Vincent Piétu,Richard L. Plambeck,Aleksandar Popstefanija,Oliver Porth,Oliver Porth,Ben Prather,Jorge A. Preciado-López,Dimitrios Psaltis,Hung Yi Pu,Venkatessh Ramakrishnan,Ramprasad Rao,Mark G. Rawlings,Alexander W. Raymond,Luciano Rezzolla,Bart Ripperda,Freek Roelofs,Alan E. E. Rogers,Eduardo Ros,Mel Rose,Arash Roshanineshat,Helge Rottmann,Alan L. Roy,Chet Ruszczyk,Benjamin R. Ryan,Kazi L.J. Rygl,S. Sánchez,David Sánchez-Arguelles,David Sánchez-Arguelles,Mahito Sasada,Mahito Sasada,Tuomas Savolainen,Tuomas Savolainen,F. Peter Schloerb,Karl Friedrich Schuster,Lijing Shao,Lijing Shao,Zhiqiang Shen,Zhiqiang Shen,Des Small,Bong Won Sohn,Bong Won Sohn,Jason SooHoo,Fumie Tazaki,Paul Tiede,Remo P. J. Tilanus,Remo P. J. Tilanus,Michael Titus,Kenji Toma,Pablo Torne,Tyler Trent,Sascha Trippe,Shuichiro Tsuda,Ilse van Bemmel,Huib Jan van Langevelde,Huib Jan van Langevelde,Daniel R. van Rossum,Jan Wagner,John Wardle,Jonathan Weintroub,Norbert Wex,Robert Wharton,Maciek Wielgus,George N. Wong,Qingwen Wu,André Young,Ken H. Young,Ziri Younsi,Ziri Younsi,Feng Yuan,Feng Yuan,Ye-Fei Yuan,J. Anton Zensus,Guang-Yao Zhao,Shan Shan Zhao,Shan Shan Zhao,Ziyan Zhu,Juan-Carlos Algaba,Juan-Carlos Algaba,Alexander Allardi,Rodrigo Amestica,Uwe Bach,Christopher Beaudoin,Bradford Benson,Ryan Berthold,J. Blanchard,J. Blanchard,Ray Blundell,Sandra Bustamente,Roger J. Cappallo,E. Castillo-Domínguez,E. Castillo-Domínguez,Chih Cheng Chang,Chih Cheng Chang,Shu Hao Chang,Song Chu Chang,Chung Chen Chen,Ryan Chilson,Timothy C. Chuter,Rodrigo Córdova Rosado,Iain Coulson,T. M. Crawford,Joseph Crowley,John David,Mark Derome,Matthew R. Dexter,Sven Dornbusch,Kevin A. Dudevoir,S. A. Dzib,Chris Eckert,Neal R. Erickson,W. B. Everett,Aaron Faber,Joseph R. Farah,Joseph R. Farah,Vernon Fath,Thomas W. Folkers,David C. Forbes,Robert Freund,Arturo I. Gómez-Ruiz,Arturo I. Gómez-Ruiz,David M. Gale,Feng Gao,Feng Gao,Gertie Geertsema,D. A. Graham,Christopher Greer,Ronald Grosslein,Frederic Gueth,N. W. Halverson,Chih Chiang Han,Kuo Chang Han,Jinchi Hao,Yutaka Hasegawa,Jason W. Henning,Jason W. Henning,Antonio Hernández-Gómez,Antonio Hernández-Gómez,Rubén Herrero-Illana,Stefan Heyminck,Akihiko Hirota,Akihiko Hirota,James Hoge,Yau De Huang,C. M.Violette Impellizzeri,C. M.Violette Impellizzeri,Homin Jiang,Atish Kamble,Ryan Keisler,Kimihiro Kimura,Yusuke Kono,Derek Kubo,John Kuroda,Richard Lacasse,R. Laing,Erik M. Leitch,Chao-Te Li,Lupin C.C. Lin,Lupin C.C. Lin,Ching Tang Liu,Kuan Yu Liu,Li Ming Lu,Ralph G. Marson,Pierre Martin-Cocher,Kyle D. Massingill,Callie Matulonis,Martin P. McColl,Stephen R. McWhirter,Hugo Messias,Hugo Messias,Zheng Meyer-Zhao,Zheng Meyer-Zhao,Daniel Michalik,A. Montaña,A. Montaña,William Montgomerie,M. Mora-Klein,Dirk Muders,A. Nadolski,S. Navarro,Chi H. Nguyen,Chi H. Nguyen,Hiroaki Nishioka,Timothy Norton,George Nystrom,Hideo Ogawa,Peter Oshiro,Stephen Padin,Harriet Parsons,Scott Paine,J. Peñalver,N. Phillips,N. Phillips,M. Poirier,Nicolas Pradel,Rurik A. Primiani,Philippe Raffin,Alexandra S. Rahlin,Alexandra S. Rahlin,George Reiland,Christopher Risacher,Ignacio Ruiz,Alejandro F. Sáez-Madain,Alejandro F. Sáez-Madain,Remi Sassella,Pim Schellart,Pim Schellart,Paul Shaw,Kevin M. Silva,Hotaka Shiokawa,David R. Smith,William Snow,Kamal Souccar,Don Sousa,T. K. Sridharan,Ranjani Srinivasan,William Stahm,Antony A. Stark,K. T. Story,Sjoerd T. Timmer,Laura Vertatschitsch,Craig Walther,Ta Shun Wei,Nathan Whitehorn,Alan R. Whitney,David P. Woody,J. G. A. Wouterloot,M. C. H. Wright,Paul Yamaguchi,Chen Yu Yu,M. Zeballos,M. Zeballos,Lucy M. Ziurys +397 more
TL;DR: The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) as mentioned in this paper is a very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) array that comprises millimeter and submillimeter-wavelength telescopes separated by distances comparable to the diameter of the Earth.
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Vajente,G. Valdes,Michele Vallisneri,N. van Bakel,M. van Beuzekom,J. F. J. van den Brand,C. Van Den Broeck,D. C. Vander-Hyde,L. van der Schaaf,J. V. van Heijningen,A. A. van Veggel,M. Vardaro,S. Vass,M. Vasúth,Ruslan Vaulin,Alberto Vecchio,G. Vedovato,John Veitch,P. J. Veitch,K. Venkateswara,D. Verkindt,F. Vetrano,A. Viceré,Serena Vinciguerra,D. J. Vine,J-Y. Vinet,Salvatore Vitale,T. Vo,H. Vocca,C. Vorvick,D. V. Voss,W. D. Vousden,Sergey P. Vyatchanin,A. R. Wade,L. E. Wade,Madeline Wade,S. J. Waldman,Michelle E. Walker,L. Wallace,S. Walsh,G. Wang,Hua Wang,Meng Wang,X. F. Wang,Yanzhi Wang,H. Ward,R. L. Ward,J. Warner,M. Was,B. A. Weaver,L.-W. Wei,L.-W. Wei,M. Weinert,A. J. Weinstein,Rainer Weiss,Timothy A Welborn,Linqing Wen,Peter Weßels,T. Westphal,K. Wette,James Whelan,S. E. Whitcomb,D. J. White,Bernard F. Whiting,K. Wiesner,C. Wilkinson,Phil Willems,L. Williams,Roy Williams,A. R. Williamson,Joshua L. Willis,Benno Willke,M. H. Wimmer,Lutz Winkelmann,Walter Winkler,C. C. Wipf,A. G. Wiseman,H. Wittel,Graham Woan,John Worden,J. L. Wright,G. Wu,Joshua Yablon,I. Yakushin,William Yam,H. Yamamoto,C. C. Yancey,M. J. Yap,Haocun Yu,M. Yvert,A. K. Zadrożny,L. Zangrando,Michele Zanolin,J. P. Zendri,M. Zevin,Fan Zhang,Lei Zhang,Mi Zhang,Y.-H. Zhang,C. Zhao,Minchuan Zhou,Zifan Zhou,Xing-Jiang Zhu,Michael E Zucker,S. E. Zuraw,J. Zweizig +1011 more
TL;DR: This is the first direct detection of gravitational waves and the first observation of a binary black hole merger, and these observations demonstrate the existence of binary stellar-mass black hole systems.
Journal ArticleDOI
Electromagnetic extraction of energy from Kerr black holes
R. D. Blandford,R. L. Znajek +1 more
Journal ArticleDOI
A powerful local shear instability in weakly magnetized disks. I - Linear analysis. II - Nonlinear evolution
Steven A. Balbus,John F. Hawley +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a linear analysis is presented of the instability, which is local and extremely powerful; the maximum growth rate which is of the order of the angular rotation velocity, is independent of the strength of the magnetic field.
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Kazunori Akiyama,Antxon Alberdi,Walter Alef,Keiichi Asada,Rebecca Azulay,Rebecca Azulay,Anne Kathrin Baczko,David Ball,Mislav Baloković,John E. Barrett,Dan Bintley,Lindy Blackburn,W. Boland,Katherine L. Bouman,Katherine L. Bouman,Geoffrey C. Bower,Michael Bremer,Christiaan D. Brinkerink,Roger Brissenden,Silke Britzen,Avery E. Broderick,Avery E. Broderick,Dominique Broguiere,Thomas Bronzwaer,Do-Young Byun,John E. Carlstrom,Andrew Chael,Chi-kwan Chan,Shami Chatterjee,Koushik Chatterjee,Ming-Tang Chen,Yi Chen,Yi Chen,Ilje Cho,Pierre Christian,Pierre Christian,John Conway,James M. Cordes,Geoffrey B. Crew,Yuzhu Cui,Yuzhu Cui,Jordy Davelaar,Mariafelicia De Laurentis,Mariafelicia De Laurentis,Roger Deane,Roger Deane,Jessica Dempsey,Gregory Desvignes,Jason Dexter,Sheperd S. Doeleman,R. P. Eatough,Heino Falcke,Vincent L. Fish,Ed Fomalont,Raquel Fraga-Encinas,William T. Freeman,Per Friberg,Christian M. Fromm,José L. Gómez,Peter Galison,Charles F. 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Cappallo,E. Castillo-Domínguez,E. Castillo-Domínguez,Chih Cheng Chang,Chih Cheng Chang,Shu Hao Chang,Song Chu Chang,Chung Chen Chen,Ryan Chilson,Timothy C. Chuter,Rodrigo Córdova Rosado,Iain Coulson,T. M. Crawford,Joseph Crowley,John David,Mark Derome,Matthew R. Dexter,Sven Dornbusch,Kevin A. Dudevoir,S. A. Dzib,Andreas Eckart,Andreas Eckart,Chris Eckert,Neal R. Erickson,W. B. Everett,Aaron Faber,Joseph R. Farah,Joseph R. Farah,Vernon Fath,Thomas W. Folkers,David C. Forbes,Robert Freund,Arturo I. Gómez-Ruiz,Arturo I. Gómez-Ruiz,David M. Gale,Feng Gao,Feng Gao,Gertie Geertsema,D. A. Graham,Christopher Greer,Ronald Grosslein,Frederic Gueth,Daryl Haggard,Daryl Haggard,N. W. Halverson,Chih Chiang Han,Kuo Chang Han,Jinchi Hao,Yutaka Hasegawa,Jason W. Henning,Jason W. Henning,Antonio Hernández-Gómez,Antonio Hernández-Gómez,Rubén Herrero-Illana,Stefan Heyminck,Akihiko Hirota,Akihiko Hirota,James Hoge,Yau De Huang,C. M. Violette Impellizzeri,C. M. 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Smith,William Snow,Kamal Souccar,Don Sousa,Tirupati K. Sridharan,Ranjani Srinivasan,William Stahm,A. A. Stark,K. T. Story,Sjoerd T. Timmer,Laura Vertatschitsch,Craig Walther,Ta Shun Wei,Nathan Whitehorn,Alan R. Whitney,David P. Woody,J. G. A. Wouterloot,M. C. H. Wright,Paul Yamaguchi,Chen Yu Yu,M. Zeballos,M. Zeballos,Shuo Zhang,Lucy M. Ziurys +406 more
First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. VI. The Shadow and Mass of the Central Black Hole
Kazunori Akiyama,Antxon Alberdi,Walter Alef,Keiichi Asada,Rebecca Azulay,Rebecca Azulay,Anne Kathrin Baczko,David Ball,Mislav Baloković,Mislav Baloković,John E. Barrett,Dan Bintley,Lindy Blackburn,Lindy Blackburn,W. Boland,Katherine L. Bouman,Katherine L. Bouman,Katherine L. Bouman,Geoffrey C. Bower,Michael Bremer,Christiaan D. Brinkerink,Roger Brissenden,Roger Brissenden,Silke Britzen,Avery E. Broderick,Avery E. Broderick,Dominique Broguiere,Thomas Bronzwaer,Do-Young Byun,John E. Carlstrom,Andrew Chael,Andrew Chael,Chi-kwan Chan,Shami Chatterjee,Koushik Chatterjee,Ming-Tang Chen,Yi Chen,Ilje Cho,Pierre Christian,Pierre Christian,John Conway,James M. Cordes,Geoffrey B. Crew,Yuzhu Cui,Jordy Davelaar,Mariafelicia De Laurentis,Roger Deane,Roger Deane,Jessica Dempsey,Gregory Desvignes,Jason Dexter,Sheperd S. Doeleman,Sheperd S. Doeleman,R. P. Eatough,Heino Falcke,Vincent L. Fish,Ed Fomalont,Raquel Fraga-Encinas,Per Friberg,Christian M. Fromm,José L. Gómez,Peter Galison,Charles F. Gammie,Roberto Garcia,Olivier Gentaz,Boris Georgiev,Ciriaco Goddi,Ciriaco Goddi,Roman Gold,Minfeng Gu,Mark Gurwell,Kazuhiro Hada,Michael H. Hecht,Ronald Hesper,Luis C. Ho,Paul T. P. Ho,Mareki Honma,Chih-Wei Locutus Huang,Lei Huang,David H. Hughes,Shiro Ikeda,Makoto Inoue,Sara Issaoun,David J. James,David J. James,Buell T. Jannuzi,Michael Janssen,Britton Jeter,Wu Jiang,Michael D. Johnson,Michael D. Johnson,Svetlana G. Jorstad,Svetlana G. Jorstad,Taehyun Jung,Mansour Karami,Mansour Karami,Ramesh Karuppusamy,Tomohisa Kawashima,Garrett K. Keating,Mark Kettenis,Jae-Young Kim,Junhan Kim,Jongsoo Kim,Motoki Kino,Jun Yi Koay,Patrick M. Koch,Shoko Koyama,Michael Kramer,Carsten Kramer,Thomas P. Krichbaum,C. Y. Kuo,Tod R. Lauer,Sang-Sung Lee,Yan-Rong Li,Zhiyuan Li,Michael Lindqvist,Kuo Liu,Elisabetta Liuzzo,Wen Ping Lo,Wen Ping Lo,Andrei P. Lobanov,Laurent Loinard,Colin J. Lonsdale,Ru-Sen Lu,Ru-Sen Lu,Nicholas R. MacDonald,Jirong Mao,Sera Markoff,Daniel P. Marrone,Alan P. Marscher,Ivan Marti-Vidal,Satoki Matsushita,Lynn D. Matthews,Lia Medeiros,Lia Medeiros,Karl M. Menten,Yosuke Mizuno,Izumi Mizuno,James M. Moran,James M. Moran,Kotaro Moriyama,Monika Moscibrodzka,Cornelia Müller,Cornelia Müller,Hiroshi Nagai,Neil M. Nagar,Masanori Nakamura,Ramesh Narayan,Ramesh Narayan,Gopal Narayanan,Iniyan Natarajan,Roberto Neri,Chunchong Ni,Aristeidis Noutsos,Hiroki Okino,Hector Olivares,Tomoaki Oyama,Feryal Özel,Daniel C. M. Palumbo,Daniel C. M. Palumbo,Nimesh A. Patel,Ue-Li Pen,Dominic W. Pesce,Dominic W. Pesce,Vincent Piétu,Richard L. Plambeck,Aleksandar Popstefanija,Oliver Porth,Oliver Porth,Ben Prather,Jorge A. Preciado-López,Dimitrios Psaltis,Hung Yi Pu,Venkatessh Ramakrishnan,Ramprasad Rao,Mark G. Rawlings,Alexander W. Raymond,Alexander W. Raymond,Luciano Rezzolla,Bart Ripperda,Freek Roelofs,Alan E. E. Rogers,Eduardo Ros,Mel Rose,Arash Roshanineshat,Helge Rottmann,Alan L. Roy,Chet Ruszczyk,Benjamin R. Ryan,Kazi L.J. Rygl,S. Sánchez,David Sánchez-Arguelles,David Sánchez-Arguelles,Mahito Sasada,Tuomas Savolainen,Tuomas Savolainen,F. Peter Schloerb,Karl Friedrich Schuster,Lijing Shao,Lijing Shao,Zhiqiang Shen,Des Small,Bong Won Sohn,Bong Won Sohn,Jason SooHoo,Fumie Tazaki,Paul Tiede,Remo P. J. Tilanus,Remo P. J. Tilanus,Remo P. J. Tilanus,Michael Titus,Kenji Toma,Pablo Torne,Tyler Trent,Sascha Trippe,Shuichiro Tsuda,Ilse van Bemmel,Huib Jan van Langevelde,Huib Jan van Langevelde,Daniel R. van Rossum,Jan Wagner,John Wardle,Jonathan Weintroub,Jonathan Weintroub,Norbert Wex,Robert Wharton,Maciek Wielgus,Maciek Wielgus,George N. Wong,Qingwen Wu,André Young,Ken H. Young,Ziri Younsi,Ziri Younsi,Feng Yuan,Ye-Fei Yuan,J. Anton Zensus,Guang-Yao Zhao,Shan Shan Zhao,Shan Shan Zhao,Ziyan Zhu,Joseph R. Farah,Joseph R. Farah,Joseph R. Farah,Zheng Meyer-Zhao,Zheng Meyer-Zhao,Daniel Michalik,Daniel Michalik,A. Nadolski,Hiroaki Nishioka,Nicolas Pradel,Rurik A. Primiani,Kamal Souccar,Laura Vertatschitsch,Paul Yamaguchi +254 more
First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. IV. Imaging the Central Supermassive Black Hole
Kazunori Akiyama,Antxon Alberdi,Walter Alef,Keiichi Asada,Rebecca Azulay,Rebecca Azulay,Anne Kathrin Baczko,David Ball,Mislav Baloković,John E. Barrett,Dan Bintley,Lindy Blackburn,W. Boland,Katherine L. Bouman,Katherine L. Bouman,Geoffrey C. Bower,Michael Bremer,Christiaan D. Brinkerink,Roger Brissenden,Silke Britzen,Avery E. Broderick,Avery E. Broderick,Dominique Broguiere,Thomas Bronzwaer,Do-Young Byun,John E. Carlstrom,Andrew Chael,Chi-kwan Chan,Shami Chatterjee,Koushik Chatterjee,Ming-Tang Chen,Yi Chen,Yi Chen,Ilje Cho,Pierre Christian,Pierre Christian,John Conway,James M. Cordes,Geoffrey B. Crew,Yuzhu Cui,Yuzhu Cui,Jordy Davelaar,Mariafelicia De Laurentis,Mariafelicia De Laurentis,Roger Deane,Roger Deane,Jessica Dempsey,Gregory Desvignes,Jason Dexter,Sheperd S. Doeleman,R. P. Eatough,Heino Falcke,Vincent L. Fish,Ed Fomalont,Raquel Fraga-Encinas,William T. Freeman,Per Friberg,Christian M. Fromm,José L. Gómez,Peter Galison,Charles F. Gammie,Roberto Garcia,Olivier Gentaz,Boris Georgiev,Ciriaco Goddi,Ciriaco Goddi,Roman Gold,Minfeng Gu,Minfeng Gu,Mark Gurwell,Kazuhiro Hada,Kazuhiro Hada,Michael H. Hecht,Ronald Hesper,Luis C. Ho,Paul T. P. Ho,Mareki Honma,Mareki Honma,Chih-Wei Locutus Huang,Lei Huang,Lei Huang,David H. Hughes,Shiro Ikeda,Makoto Inoue,Sara Issaoun,David J. James,Buell T. Jannuzi,Michael Janssen,Britton Jeter,Wu Jiang,Michael D. Johnson,Svetlana G. Jorstad,Svetlana G. Jorstad,Taehyun Jung,Mansour Karami,Mansour Karami,Ramesh Karuppusamy,Tomohisa Kawashima,Garrett K. Keating,Mark Kettenis,Jae-Young Kim,Junhan Kim,Jongsoo Kim,Motoki Kino,Motoki Kino,Jun Yi Koay,Patrick M. Koch,Shoko Koyama,Michael Kramer,Carsten Kramer,Thomas P. Krichbaum,C. Y. Kuo,Tod R. Lauer,Sang-Sung Lee,Yan-Rong Li,Zhiyuan Li,Michael Lindqvist,Kuo Liu,Elisabetta Liuzzo,Wen Ping Lo,Wen Ping Lo,Andrei P. Lobanov,Laurent Loinard,Colin J. Lonsdale,Ru-Sen Lu,Ru-Sen Lu,Nicholas R. MacDonald,Jirong Mao,Sera Markoff,Daniel P. Marrone,Alan P. Marscher,Ivan Marti-Vidal,Satoki Matsushita,Lynn D. Matthews,Lia Medeiros,Lia Medeiros,Karl M. Menten,Yosuke Mizuno,Izumi Mizuno,James M. Moran,Kotaro Moriyama,Kotaro Moriyama,Monika Moscibrodzka,Cornelia Müller,Cornelia Müller,Hiroshi Nagai,Hiroshi Nagai,Neil M. Nagar,Masanori Nakamura,Ramesh Narayan,Gopal Narayanan,Iniyan Natarajan,Roberto Neri,Chunchong Ni,Aristeidis Noutsos,Hiroki Okino,Hiroki Okino,Hector Olivares,Tomoaki Oyama,Feryal Özel,Daniel C. M. Palumbo,Nimesh A. Patel,Ue-Li Pen,Ue-Li Pen,Ue-Li Pen,Dominic W. Pesce,Vincent Piétu,Richard L. Plambeck,Aleksandar Popstefanija,Oliver Porth,Oliver Porth,Ben Prather,Jorge A. Preciado-López,Dimitrios Psaltis,Hung Yi Pu,Venkatessh Ramakrishnan,Ramprasad Rao,Mark G. Rawlings,Alexander W. Raymond,Luciano Rezzolla,Bart Ripperda,Freek Roelofs,Alan E. E. Rogers,Eduardo Ros,Mel Rose,Arash Roshanineshat,Helge Rottmann,Alan L. Roy,Chet Ruszczyk,Benjamin R. Ryan,Kazi L.J. Rygl,S. Sánchez,David Sánchez-Arguelles,David Sánchez-Arguelles,Mahito Sasada,Mahito Sasada,Tuomas Savolainen,Tuomas Savolainen,F. Peter Schloerb,Karl Friedrich Schuster,Lijing Shao,Lijing Shao,Zhiqiang Shen,Zhiqiang Shen,Des Small,Bong Won Sohn,Bong Won Sohn,Jason SooHoo,Fumie Tazaki,Paul Tiede,Paul Tiede,Remo P. J. Tilanus,Remo P. J. Tilanus,Michael Titus,Kenji Toma,Pablo Torne,Tyler Trent,Sascha Trippe,Shuichiro Tsuda,Ilse van Bemmel,Huib Jan van Langevelde,Huib Jan van Langevelde,Daniel R. van Rossum,Jan Wagner,John Wardle,Jonathan Weintroub,Norbert Wex,Robert Wharton,Maciek Wielgus,George N. Wong,Qingwen Wu,André Young,Ken H. Young,Ziri Younsi,Ziri Younsi,Feng Yuan,Feng Yuan,Ye-Fei Yuan,J. Anton Zensus,Guang-Yao Zhao,Shan Shan Zhao,Shan Shan Zhao,Ziyan Zhu,Joseph R. Farah,Joseph R. Farah,Zheng Meyer-Zhao,Zheng Meyer-Zhao,Daniel Michalik,A. Nadolski,Hiroaki Nishioka,Nicolas Pradel,Rurik A. Primiani,Kamal Souccar,Laura Vertatschitsch,Paul Yamaguchi +254 more
First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. II. Array and Instrumentation
Kazunori Akiyama,Antxon Alberdi,Walter Alef,Keiichi Asada,Rebecca Azulay,Rebecca Azulay,Anne Kathrin Baczko,David Ball,Mislav Baloković,John E. Barrett,Dan Bintley,Lindy Blackburn,W. Boland,Katherine L. Bouman,Katherine L. Bouman,Geoffrey C. Bower,Michael Bremer,Christiaan D. Brinkerink,Roger Brissenden,Silke Britzen,Avery E. Broderick,Avery E. Broderick,Dominique Broguiere,Thomas Bronzwaer,Do-Young Byun,John E. Carlstrom,Andrew Chael,Chi-kwan Chan,Shami Chatterjee,Koushik Chatterjee,Ming-Tang Chen,Yi Chen,Yi Chen,Ilje Cho,Pierre Christian,Pierre Christian,John Conway,James M. Cordes,Geoffrey B. Crew,Yuzhu Cui,Yuzhu Cui,Jordy Davelaar,Mariafelicia De Laurentis,Mariafelicia De Laurentis,Roger Deane,Roger Deane,Jessica Dempsey,Gregory Desvignes,Jason Dexter,Sheperd S. Doeleman,R. P. Eatough,Heino Falcke,Vincent L. Fish,Ed Fomalont,Raquel Fraga-Encinas,Per Friberg,Christian M. Fromm,José L. Gómez,Peter Galison,Charles F. Gammie,Roberto Garcia,Olivier Gentaz,Boris Georgiev,Ciriaco Goddi,Ciriaco Goddi,Roman Gold,Minfeng Gu,Minfeng Gu,Mark Gurwell,Kazuhiro Hada,Kazuhiro Hada,Michael H. Hecht,Ronald Hesper,Luis C. Ho,Paul T. P. Ho,Mareki Honma,Mareki Honma,Chih-Wei Locutus Huang,Lei Huang,Lei Huang,David H. Hughes,Shiro Ikeda,Makoto Inoue,Sara Issaoun,David J. James,Buell T. Jannuzi,Michael Janssen,Britton Jeter,Wu Jiang,Michael D. Johnson,Svetlana G. Jorstad,Svetlana G. Jorstad,Taehyun Jung,Mansour Karami,Mansour Karami,Ramesh Karuppusamy,Tomohisa Kawashima,Garrett K. Keating,Mark Kettenis,Jae-Young Kim,Junhan Kim,Jongsoo Kim,Motoki Kino,Motoki Kino,Jun Yi Koay,Patrick M. Koch,Shoko Koyama,Michael Kramer,Carsten Kramer,Thomas P. Krichbaum,C. Y. Kuo,Tod R. Lauer,Sang-Sung Lee,Yan-Rong Li,Zhiyuan Li,Michael Lindqvist,Kuo Liu,Elisabetta Liuzzo,Wen Ping Lo,Wen Ping Lo,Andrei P. Lobanov,Laurent Loinard,Colin J. Lonsdale,Ru-Sen Lu,Ru-Sen Lu,Nicholas R. MacDonald,Jirong Mao,Sera Markoff,Daniel P. Marrone,Alan P. Marscher,Ivan Marti-Vidal,Satoki Matsushita,Lynn D. Matthews,Lia Medeiros,Lia Medeiros,Karl M. Menten,Yosuke Mizuno,Izumi Mizuno,James M. Moran,Kotaro Moriyama,Kotaro Moriyama,Monika Moscibrodzka,Cornelia Müller,Cornelia Müller,Hiroshi Nagai,Hiroshi Nagai,Neil M. Nagar,Masanori Nakamura,Ramesh Narayan,Gopal Narayanan,Iniyan Natarajan,Roberto Neri,Chunchong Ni,Aristeidis Noutsos,Hiroki Okino,Hiroki Okino,Hector Olivares,Gisela N. Ortiz-León,Tomoaki Oyama,Feryal Özel,Daniel C. M. Palumbo,Nimesh A. Patel,Ue-Li Pen,Ue-Li Pen,Ue-Li Pen,Dominic W. Pesce,Vincent Piétu,Richard L. Plambeck,Aleksandar Popstefanija,Oliver Porth,Oliver Porth,Ben Prather,Jorge A. Preciado-López,Dimitrios Psaltis,Hung Yi Pu,Venkatessh Ramakrishnan,Ramprasad Rao,Mark G. Rawlings,Alexander W. Raymond,Luciano Rezzolla,Bart Ripperda,Freek Roelofs,Alan E. E. Rogers,Eduardo Ros,Mel Rose,Arash Roshanineshat,Helge Rottmann,Alan L. Roy,Chet Ruszczyk,Benjamin R. Ryan,Kazi L.J. Rygl,S. Sánchez,David Sánchez-Arguelles,David Sánchez-Arguelles,Mahito Sasada,Mahito Sasada,Tuomas Savolainen,Tuomas Savolainen,F. Peter Schloerb,Karl Friedrich Schuster,Lijing Shao,Lijing Shao,Zhiqiang Shen,Zhiqiang Shen,Des Small,Bong Won Sohn,Bong Won Sohn,Jason SooHoo,Fumie Tazaki,Paul Tiede,Remo P. J. Tilanus,Remo P. J. Tilanus,Michael Titus,Kenji Toma,Pablo Torne,Tyler Trent,Sascha Trippe,Shuichiro Tsuda,Ilse van Bemmel,Huib Jan van Langevelde,Huib Jan van Langevelde,Daniel R. van Rossum,Jan Wagner,John Wardle,Jonathan Weintroub,Norbert Wex,Robert Wharton,Maciek Wielgus,George N. Wong,Qingwen Wu,André Young,Ken H. Young,Ziri Younsi,Ziri Younsi,Feng Yuan,Feng Yuan,Ye-Fei Yuan,J. Anton Zensus,Guang-Yao Zhao,Shan Shan Zhao,Shan Shan Zhao,Ziyan Zhu,Juan-Carlos Algaba,Juan-Carlos Algaba,Alexander Allardi,Rodrigo Amestica,Uwe Bach,Christopher Beaudoin,Bradford Benson,Ryan Berthold,J. Blanchard,J. Blanchard,Ray Blundell,Sandra Bustamente,Roger J. Cappallo,E. Castillo-Domínguez,E. Castillo-Domínguez,Chih Cheng Chang,Chih Cheng Chang,Shu Hao Chang,Song Chu Chang,Chung Chen Chen,Ryan Chilson,Timothy C. Chuter,Rodrigo Córdova Rosado,Iain Coulson,T. M. Crawford,Joseph Crowley,John David,Mark Derome,Matthew R. Dexter,Sven Dornbusch,Kevin A. Dudevoir,S. A. Dzib,Chris Eckert,Neal R. Erickson,W. B. Everett,Aaron Faber,Joseph R. Farah,Joseph R. Farah,Vernon Fath,Thomas W. Folkers,David C. Forbes,Robert Freund,Arturo I. Gómez-Ruiz,Arturo I. Gómez-Ruiz,David M. Gale,Feng Gao,Feng Gao,Gertie Geertsema,D. A. Graham,Christopher Greer,Ronald Grosslein,Frederic Gueth,N. W. Halverson,Chih Chiang Han,Kuo Chang Han,Jinchi Hao,Yutaka Hasegawa,Jason W. Henning,Jason W. Henning,Antonio Hernández-Gómez,Antonio Hernández-Gómez,Rubén Herrero-Illana,Stefan Heyminck,Akihiko Hirota,Akihiko Hirota,James Hoge,Yau De Huang,C. M.Violette Impellizzeri,C. M.Violette Impellizzeri,Homin Jiang,Atish Kamble,Ryan Keisler,Kimihiro Kimura,Yusuke Kono,Derek Kubo,John Kuroda,Richard Lacasse,R. Laing,Erik M. Leitch,Chao-Te Li,Lupin C.C. Lin,Lupin C.C. Lin,Ching Tang Liu,Kuan Yu Liu,Li Ming Lu,Ralph G. Marson,Pierre Martin-Cocher,Kyle D. Massingill,Callie Matulonis,Martin P. McColl,Stephen R. McWhirter,Hugo Messias,Hugo Messias,Zheng Meyer-Zhao,Zheng Meyer-Zhao,Daniel Michalik,A. Montaña,A. Montaña,William Montgomerie,M. Mora-Klein,Dirk Muders,A. Nadolski,S. Navarro,Chi H. Nguyen,Chi H. Nguyen,Hiroaki Nishioka,Timothy Norton,George Nystrom,Hideo Ogawa,Peter Oshiro,Stephen Padin,Harriet Parsons,Scott Paine,J. Peñalver,N. Phillips,N. Phillips,M. Poirier,Nicolas Pradel,Rurik A. Primiani,Philippe Raffin,Alexandra S. Rahlin,Alexandra S. Rahlin,George Reiland,Christopher Risacher,Ignacio Ruiz,Alejandro F. Sáez-Madain,Alejandro F. Sáez-Madain,Remi Sassella,Pim Schellart,Pim Schellart,Paul Shaw,Kevin M. Silva,Hotaka Shiokawa,David R. Smith,William Snow,Kamal Souccar,Don Sousa,T. K. Sridharan,Ranjani Srinivasan,William Stahm,Antony A. Stark,K. T. Story,Sjoerd T. Timmer,Laura Vertatschitsch,Craig Walther,Ta Shun Wei,Nathan Whitehorn,Alan R. Whitney,David P. Woody,J. G. A. Wouterloot,M. C. H. Wright,Paul Yamaguchi,Chen Yu Yu,M. Zeballos,M. Zeballos,Lucy M. Ziurys +397 more
First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. III. Data Processing and Calibration
Kazunori Akiyama,Antxon Alberdi,Walter Alef,Keiichi Asada,Rebecca Azulay,Rebecca Azulay,Anne Kathrin Baczko,David Ball,Mislav Baloković,John E. Barrett,Dan Bintley,Lindy Blackburn,W. Boland,Katherine L. Bouman,Katherine L. Bouman,Geoffrey C. Bower,Michael Bremer,Christiaan D. Brinkerink,Roger Brissenden,Silke Britzen,Avery E. Broderick,Avery E. Broderick,Dominique Broguiere,Thomas Bronzwaer,Do-Young Byun,John E. Carlstrom,Andrew Chael,Chi-kwan Chan,Shami Chatterjee,Koushik Chatterjee,Ming-Tang Chen,Yi Chen,Ilje Cho,Pierre Christian,Pierre Christian,John Conway,James M. Cordes,Geoffrey B. Crew,Yuzhu Cui,Jordy Davelaar,Mariafelicia De Laurentis,Roger Deane,Roger Deane,Jessica Dempsey,Gregory Desvignes,Jason Dexter,Sheperd S. Doeleman,R. P. Eatough,Heino Falcke,Vincent L. Fish,Ed Fomalont,Raquel Fraga-Encinas,Per Friberg,Christian M. Fromm,José L. Gómez,Peter Galison,Charles F. Gammie,Roberto Garcia,Olivier Gentaz,Boris Georgiev,Ciriaco Goddi,Ciriaco Goddi,Roman Gold,Minfeng Gu,Mark Gurwell,Kazuhiro Hada,Michael H. Hecht,Ronald Hesper,Luis C. Ho,Paul T. P. Ho,Mareki Honma,Chih-Wei Locutus Huang,Lei Huang,David H. Hughes,Shiro Ikeda,Makoto Inoue,Sara Issaoun,David J. James,Buell T. Jannuzi,Michael Janssen,Britton Jeter,Wu Jiang,Michael D. Johnson,Svetlana G. Jorstad,Svetlana G. Jorstad,Taehyun Jung,Mansour Karami,Mansour Karami,Ramesh Karuppusamy,Tomohisa Kawashima,Garrett K. Keating,Mark Kettenis,Jae-Young Kim,Junhan Kim,Jongsoo Kim,Motoki Kino,Jun Yi Koay,Patrick M. Koch,Shoko Koyama,Michael Kramer,Carsten Kramer,Thomas P. Krichbaum,C. Y. Kuo,Tod R. Lauer,Sang-Sung Lee,Yan-Rong Li,Zhiyuan Li,Michael Lindqvist,Kuo Liu,Elisabetta Liuzzo,Wen Ping Lo,Wen Ping Lo,Andrei P. Lobanov,Laurent Loinard,Colin J. Lonsdale,Ru-Sen Lu,Ru-Sen Lu,Nicholas R. MacDonald,Jirong Mao,Sera Markoff,Daniel P. Marrone,Alan P. Marscher,Ivan Marti-Vidal,Satoki Matsushita,Lynn D. Matthews,Lia Medeiros,Lia Medeiros,Karl M. Menten,Yosuke Mizuno,Izumi Mizuno,James M. Moran,Kotaro Moriyama,Kotaro Moriyama,Monika Moscibrodzka,Cornelia Müller,Cornelia Müller,Hiroshi Nagai,Neil M. Nagar,Masanori Nakamura,Ramesh Narayan,Gopal Narayanan,Iniyan Natarajan,Roberto Neri,Chunchong Ni,Aristeidis Noutsos,Hiroki Okino,Hector Olivares,Gisela N. Ortiz-León,Tomoaki Oyama,Feryal Özel,Daniel C. M. Palumbo,Nimesh A. Patel,Ue-Li Pen,Ue-Li Pen,Ue-Li Pen,Dominic W. Pesce,Vincent Piétu,Richard L. Plambeck,Aleksandar Popstefanija,Oliver Porth,Oliver Porth,Ben Prather,Jorge A. Preciado-López,Dimitrios Psaltis,Hung Yi Pu,Venkatessh Ramakrishnan,Ramprasad Rao,Mark G. Rawlings,Alexander W. Raymond,Luciano Rezzolla,Bart Ripperda,Freek Roelofs,Alan E. E. Rogers,Eduardo Ros,Mel Rose,Arash Roshanineshat,Helge Rottmann,Alan L. Roy,Chet Ruszczyk,Benjamin R. Ryan,Kazi L.J. Rygl,S. Sánchez,David Sánchez-Arguelles,David Sánchez-Arguelles,Mahito Sasada,Mahito Sasada,Tuomas Savolainen,Tuomas Savolainen,F. Peter Schloerb,Karl Friedrich Schuster,Lijing Shao,Lijing Shao,Zhiqiang Shen,Des Small,Bong Won Sohn,Bong Won Sohn,Jason SooHoo,Fumie Tazaki,Paul Tiede,Paul Tiede,Remo P. J. Tilanus,Remo P. J. Tilanus,Remo P. J. Tilanus,Michael Titus,Kenji Toma,Pablo Torne,Tyler Trent,Sascha Trippe,Shuichiro Tsuda,Ilse van Bemmel,Huib Jan van Langevelde,Huib Jan van Langevelde,Daniel R. van Rossum,Jan Wagner,John Wardle,Jonathan Weintroub,Norbert Wex,Robert Wharton,Maciek Wielgus,George N. Wong,Qingwen Wu,André Young,Ken H. Young,Ziri Younsi,Ziri Younsi,Feng Yuan,Ye-Fei Yuan,J. Anton Zensus,Guang-Yao Zhao,Shan Shan Zhao,Shan Shan Zhao,Ziyan Zhu,Roger J. Cappallo,Joseph R. Farah,Joseph R. Farah,Thomas W. Folkers,Zheng Meyer-Zhao,Zheng Meyer-Zhao,Daniel Michalik,Daniel Michalik,A. Nadolski,Hiroaki Nishioka,Nicolas Pradel,Rurik A. Primiani,Kamal Souccar,Laura Vertatschitsch,Paul Yamaguchi +246 more