Journal ArticleDOI
Liver regeneration: from myth to mechanism
Rebecca Taub,Rebecca Taub +1 more
TLDR
The numerous cytokine- and growth-factor-mediated pathways that are involved in regulating liver regeneration are being successfully dissected using molecular and genetic approaches.Abstract:
The unusual regenerative properties of the liver are a logical adaptation by organisms, as the liver is the main detoxifying organ of the body and is likely to be injured by ingested toxins. The numerous cytokine- and growth-factor-mediated pathways that are involved in regulating liver regeneration are being successfully dissected using molecular and genetic approaches. So what is known about this process at present and which questions remain?read more
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Resveratrol improves health and survival of mice on a high-calorie diet
Joseph A. Baur,Kevin J. Pearson,Nathaniel O Price,Hamish A. Jamieson,Carles Lerin,Avash Kalra,Vinayakumar Prabhu,Joanne S. Allard,Guillermo López-Lluch,Kaitlyn N. Lewis,Paul J. Pistell,Suresh Poosala,Kevin G. Becker,Olivier Boss,Dana M. Gwinn,Mingyi Wang,Sharan Ramaswamy,Kenneth W. Fishbein,Richard G. Spencer,Edward G. Lakatta,David G. Le Couteur,Reuben J. Shaw,Plácido Navas,Pere Puigserver,Donald K. Ingram,Rafael de Cabo,David A. Sinclair +26 more
TL;DR: It is shown that resveratrol shifts the physiology of middle-aged mice on a high-calorie diet towards that of mice onA standard diet and significantly increases their survival and point to new approaches for treating obesity-related disorders and diseases of ageing.
Journal ArticleDOI
Gender Disparity in Liver Cancer Due to Sex Differences in MyD88-Dependent IL-6 Production
Willscott E. Naugler,Toshiharu Sakurai,Sunhwa Kim,Shin Maeda,Kyounghyun Kim,Ahmed M. Elsharkawy,Ahmed M. Elsharkawy,Michael Karin +7 more
TL;DR: It is proposed that estrogen-mediated inhibition of IL-6 production by KCs reduces liver cancer risk in females, and these findings may be used to prevent HCC in males.
Journal ArticleDOI
Programmed Cell Death in Animal Development and Disease
Yaron Fuchs,Hermann Steller +1 more
TL;DR: A growing body of work about the connections between apoptosis, stem cells, and cancer is explored, focusing on how apoptotic cells release a variety of signals to communicate with their cellular environment, including factors that promote cell division, tissue regeneration, and wound healing.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nrf2 Redirects Glucose and Glutamine into Anabolic Pathways in Metabolic Reprogramming
Yoichiro Mitsuishi,Keiko Taguchi,Yukie Kawatani,Tatsuhiro Shibata,Toshihiro Nukiwa,Hiroyuki Aburatani,Masayuki Yamamoto,Hozumi Motohashi +7 more
TL;DR: It is shown that Nrf2 redirects glucose and glutamine into anabolic pathways, especially under the sustained activation of PI3K-Akt signaling, which enables NRF2 to promote metabolic activities that support cell proliferation in addition to enhancing cytoprotection.
Journal ArticleDOI
Recent advances in 2D and 3D in vitro systems using primary hepatocytes, alternative hepatocyte sources and non-parenchymal liver cells and their use in investigating mechanisms of hepatotoxicity, cell signaling and ADME.
Patricio Godoy,Nicola J. Hewitt,Ute Albrecht,Melvin E. Andersen,Nariman Ansari,Sudin Bhattacharya,Johannes G. Bode,Jennifer Bolleyn,Christoph Borner,J Böttger,Albert Braeuning,Robert A. Budinsky,Britta Burkhardt,Neil R. Cameron,Giovanni Camussi,Chong Su Cho,Yun Jaie Choi,J. Craig Rowlands,Uta Dahmen,Georg Damm,Olaf Dirsch,María Teresa Donato,Jian Dong,Steven Dooley,Dirk Drasdo,Dirk Drasdo,Dirk Drasdo,Rowena Eakins,Karine Sá Ferreira,Valentina Fonsato,Joanna Fraczek,Rolf Gebhardt,Andrew Gibson,Matthias Glanemann,Christopher E. Goldring,María José Gómez-Lechón,Geny M. M. Groothuis,Lena Gustavsson,Christelle Guyot,David Hallifax,Seddik Hammad,Adam S. Hayward,Dieter Häussinger,Claus Hellerbrand,Philip Hewitt,Stefan Hoehme,Hermann-Georg Holzhütter,J. Brian Houston,Jens Hrach,Kiyomi Ito,Hartmut Jaeschke,Verena Keitel,Jens M. Kelm,B. Kevin Park,Claus Kordes,Gerd A. Kullak-Ublick,Edward L. LeCluyse,Peng Lu,Jennifer Luebke-Wheeler,Anna Lutz,Daniel J. Maltman,Madlen Matz-Soja,Patrick D. McMullen,Irmgard Merfort,Simon Messner,Christoph Meyer,Jessica Mwinyi,Dean J. Naisbitt,Andreas K. Nussler,Peter Olinga,Francesco Pampaloni,Jingbo Pi,Linda J. Pluta,Stefan Przyborski,Anup Ramachandran,Vera Rogiers,Cliff Rowe,Celine Schelcher,Kathrin Schmich,Michael Schwarz,Bijay Singh,Ernst H. K. Stelzer,Bruno Stieger,Regina Stöber,Yuichi Sugiyama,Ciro Tetta,Wolfgang E. Thasler,Tamara Vanhaecke,Mathieu Vinken,Thomas S. Weiss,Agata Widera,Courtney G. Woods,Jinghai James Xu,Kathy Yarborough,Jan G. Hengstler +94 more
TL;DR: This review encompasses the most important advances in liver functions and hepatotoxicity and analyzes which mechanisms can be studied in vitro and how closely hepatoma, stem cell and iPS cell–derived hepatocyte-like-cells resemble real hepatocytes.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Smad-dependent and Smad-independent pathways in TGF-beta family signalling.
Rik Derynck,Ying E. Zhang +1 more
TL;DR: Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) proteins regulate cell function, and have key roles in development and carcinogenesis, and combinatorial interactions in the heteromeric receptor and Smad complexes, receptor-interacting and Smadracing proteins, and cooperation with sequence-specific transcription factors allow substantial versatility and diversification of TGF- β family responses.
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Principles of interleukin (IL)-6-type cytokine signalling and its regulation.
Peter C. Heinrich,Iris Behrmann,Serge Haan,Heike M. Hermanns,Gerhard Müller-Newen,Fred Schaper +5 more
TL;DR: This review focuses on recent progress in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of IL-6-type cytokine signal transduction, with emphasis on the termination and modulation of the JAK/STAT signalling pathway mediated by tyrosine phosphatases, the SOCS (suppressor of cytokine signalling) feedback inhibitors and PIAS (protein inhibitor of activated STAT) proteins.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bone marrow as a potential source of hepatic oval cells.
Bryon E. Petersen,W. C. Bowen,K. D. Patrene,Wendy M. Mars,A. K. Sullivan,N. Murase,S. S. Boggs,Joel S. Greenberger,Julie P. Goff +8 more
TL;DR: A stem cell associated with the bone marrow has epithelial cell lineage capability and a proportion of the regenerated hepatic cells were shown to be donor-derived.
Journal ArticleDOI
Purified hematopoietic stem cells can differentiate into hepatocytes in vivo
Eric Lagasse,Heather Connors,Muhsen Al-Dhalimy,Michael J. Reitsma,Monika Dohse,Linda Osborne,Xin Wang,Milton J. Finegold,Irving L. Weissman,Markus Grompe +9 more
TL;DR: It is reported that intravenous injection of adult bone marrow cells in the FAH−/− mouse, an animal model of tyrosinemia type I, rescued the mouse and restored the biochemical function of its liver.