Measuring reactive oxygen and nitrogen species with fluorescent probes: challenges and limitations.
Balaraman Kalyanaraman,Victor M. Darley-Usmar,Kelvin J.A. Davies,Phyllis A. Dennery,Henry Jay Forman,Henry Jay Forman,Matthew B. Grisham,Giovanni E. Mann,Kevin P. Moore,L. Jackson Roberts,Harry Ischiropoulos +10 more
TLDR
A critical analysis of the challenges and limitations of the most widely used fluorescent probes for detecting and measuring reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and proposed guidelines that will help present and future researchers with regard to the optimal use of selected fluorescent probes and interpretation of results are presented.About:
This article is published in Free Radical Biology and Medicine.The article was published on 2012-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 1423 citations till now.read more
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Intracellular Generation of Superoxide by TiO2 Nanoparticles Decreases Histone Deacetylase 9 (HDAC9), an Epigenetic Modifier.
TL;DR: Overall, this research shows that low, non-toxic, concentrations of TiO2 nanoparticles alter an enzyme responsible for epigenetic modifications, which points to concerns regarding long-term exposures in manufacturing settings.
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Nonstructural Protein 1 of Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Induces Oxidative Stress and Activates Antioxidant Defense by the Nrf2/ARE Pathway
TL;DR: The ability of TBEV nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) to induce oxidative stress and activate antioxidant defense via the nuclear factor (erythroid-derived-2)-like 2/antioxidant response element (Nrf2/ARE) pathway is explored and a role of redox-mediated processes in TBEv-induced damage of the central nervous system is explored.
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Engineering of a Core-Shell Nanoplatform to Overcome Multidrug Resistance via ATP Deprivation.
Genhua Liu,Liucan Wang,Junjie Liu,Lu Lu,Dong Mo,Ke Li,Xin Yang,Rui Zeng,Jixi Zhang,Peng Liu,Kaiyong Cai +10 more
TL;DR: Experiments in vitro and in vivo demonstrate that the fabricated nanosystem can dramatically improve anticancer effects for MDR through sequential release property and exhibit excellent biocompatibility.
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Gamma irradiation promotes chemo-sensitization potential of gallic acid through attenuation of autophagic flux to trigger apoptosis in an NRF2 inactivation signalling pathway.
Srimanta Patra,Chandra Sekhar Bhol,Debasna P. Panigrahi,Prakash Priyadarshi Praharaj,Biswajita Pradhan,Mrutyunjay Jena,Sujit K. Bhutia +6 more
TL;DR: Change in electrochemical properties by gamma radiation enhances the anticancer efficacy of gallic acid through ROS mediated apoptosis fuelled by inhibition of lipophagy in an NRF2 dependent signaling pathway.
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Adolescence binge alcohol consumption induces hippocampal mitochondrial impairment that persists during the adulthood
TL;DR: It is reported for first time that adolescent binge-alcohol consumption has severe repercussions on mitochondrial bioenergetics during the adulthood; and that this is not a transitory change until the state of drunkenness disappears as previously believed.
References
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Book
Free radicals in biology and medicine
TL;DR: 1. Oxygen is a toxic gas - an introduction to oxygen toxicity and reactive species, and the chemistry of free radicals and related 'reactive species'
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ROS as signalling molecules: mechanisms that generate specificity in ROS homeostasis
TL;DR: The pathways that regulate ROS homeostasis are crucial for mitigating the toxicity of ROS and provide strong evidence about specificity in ROS signalling.
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Evaluation of the probe 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin as an indicator of reactive oxygen species formation and oxidative stress.
TL;DR: Data suggest that H2O2-Fe(2+)-derived oxidant is mainly responsible for the nonenzymatic oxidation of DCFH, which remains an attractive probe as an overall index of oxidative stress in toxicological phenomena.
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Reconciling the chemistry and biology of reactive oxygen species
TL;DR: This review examines how target selectivity and antioxidant effectiveness vary for different oxidants and highlights areas where greater understanding is required on the fate of oxidants generated by cellular NADPH oxidases and on the identification of oxidant sensors in cell signaling.
Journal Article
Flow cytometric studies of oxidative product formation by neutrophils: a graded response to membrane stimulation.
David A. Bass,J W Parce,Lawrence R. DeChatelet,Pamela Szejda,Michael C. Seeds,Michael J. Thomas +5 more
TL;DR: The data indicate that the DCFH oxidation assay is quantitatively related to the oxidative metabolic burst of PMNL, and they strongly suggest that the reaction is mediated by H2O2 generated by the PMNL.