Measuring reactive oxygen and nitrogen species with fluorescent probes: challenges and limitations.
Balaraman Kalyanaraman,Victor M. Darley-Usmar,Kelvin J.A. Davies,Phyllis A. Dennery,Henry Jay Forman,Henry Jay Forman,Matthew B. Grisham,Giovanni E. Mann,Kevin P. Moore,L. Jackson Roberts,Harry Ischiropoulos +10 more
TLDR
A critical analysis of the challenges and limitations of the most widely used fluorescent probes for detecting and measuring reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and proposed guidelines that will help present and future researchers with regard to the optimal use of selected fluorescent probes and interpretation of results are presented.About:
This article is published in Free Radical Biology and Medicine.The article was published on 2012-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 1423 citations till now.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
The photodynamic and direct actions of methylene blue on mitochondrial energy metabolism: A balance of the useful and harmful effects of this photosensitizer.
Eduardo Makiyama Klosowski,Byanca Thais Lima de Souza,Márcio Shigueaki Mito,Renato Polimeni Constantin,Gislaine Cristiane Mantovanelli,Juliana Morais Mewes,Paulo Francisco Veiga Bizerra,Paulo Vinicius Moreira da Costa Menezes,Eduardo Hideo Gilglioni,Karina Sayuri Utsunomiya,Rogério Marchiosi,Wanderley Dantas dos Santos,Osvaldo Ferrarese Filho,Wilker Caetano,Paulo Cesar de Souza Pereira,Renato Sonchini Gonçalves,Jorgete Constantin,Emy Luiza Ishii-Iwamoto,Rodrigo Polimeni Constantin +18 more
TL;DR: It can be concluded that even under hypoxic conditions, methylene blue is a PS with potential for photodynamic effect-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, however, MB disrupts the mitochondrial energy metabolism even in the dark, causing energy-linked liver metabolic changes that could be harmful in specific circumstances.
Journal ArticleDOI
A model suite of green algae within the Scenedesmaceae for investigating contrasting desiccation tolerance and morphology.
Zoe G. Cardon,Elena L. Peredo,Alice Dohnalkova,Hannah L. Gershone,Magdalena Bezanilla,Magdalena Bezanilla +5 more
TL;DR: Five desert and aquatic species within the family Scenedesmaceae are introduced for comparative analysis of mechanisms underlying desiccation tolerance and multicellularity, and the genetic, ultrastructural and physiological characteristics supporting unicellular versus multICEllular coenobial morphology are examined.
Journal ArticleDOI
NADPH oxidase 4 contributes to connective tissue growth factor expression through Smad3-dependent signaling pathway
Xinhua Liu,Qiu-Yan Zhang,Li-Long Pan,Si-Yu Liu,Peng Xu,Xiao-Ling Luo,Si-Li Zou,Hong Xin,Lefeng Qu,Yi-Zhun Zhu,Yi-Zhun Zhu +10 more
TL;DR: A novel mechanistic link of Nox4-dependent activation of Smad3 to increased TGF-β1-induced CTGF in the process of vascular remodeling is established, which suggested a new potential pathway for therapeutic interventions.
Book ChapterDOI
Measurement of Mitochondrial ROS Formation.
TL;DR: This chapter describes three major examples of the use of fluorescent probes for monitoring mitochondrial ROS formation and a critical analysis of the limitations of each technique, highlighting the possible sources of errors in performing the assay and results interpretation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dominant roles of Fenton reaction in sodium nitroprusside-induced chondrocyte apoptosis.
TL;DR: The results indicate that the potential of SNP to increase iron ions and ROS should be especially considered for some biological functions and, possibly, also for clinical applications of this drug.
References
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Book
Free radicals in biology and medicine
TL;DR: 1. Oxygen is a toxic gas - an introduction to oxygen toxicity and reactive species, and the chemistry of free radicals and related 'reactive species'
Journal ArticleDOI
ROS as signalling molecules: mechanisms that generate specificity in ROS homeostasis
TL;DR: The pathways that regulate ROS homeostasis are crucial for mitigating the toxicity of ROS and provide strong evidence about specificity in ROS signalling.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evaluation of the probe 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin as an indicator of reactive oxygen species formation and oxidative stress.
TL;DR: Data suggest that H2O2-Fe(2+)-derived oxidant is mainly responsible for the nonenzymatic oxidation of DCFH, which remains an attractive probe as an overall index of oxidative stress in toxicological phenomena.
Journal ArticleDOI
Reconciling the chemistry and biology of reactive oxygen species
TL;DR: This review examines how target selectivity and antioxidant effectiveness vary for different oxidants and highlights areas where greater understanding is required on the fate of oxidants generated by cellular NADPH oxidases and on the identification of oxidant sensors in cell signaling.
Journal Article
Flow cytometric studies of oxidative product formation by neutrophils: a graded response to membrane stimulation.
David A. Bass,J W Parce,Lawrence R. DeChatelet,Pamela Szejda,Michael C. Seeds,Michael J. Thomas +5 more
TL;DR: The data indicate that the DCFH oxidation assay is quantitatively related to the oxidative metabolic burst of PMNL, and they strongly suggest that the reaction is mediated by H2O2 generated by the PMNL.