Microbial markers in colorectal cancer detection and/or prognosis.
Romain Villeger,Amélie Lopès,Julie Veziant,Johan Gagnière,Nicolas Barnich,Elisabeth Billard,Delphine Boucher,Mathilde Bonnet +7 more
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TLDR
The microbial signatures associated with CRC known to date, including dysbiosis and faecal metabolome alterations, and the potential use of microbial variation markers for non-invasive early diagnosis and/or prognostic assessment of CRC and advanced adenomas are discussed.Abstract:
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer worldwide. CRC is still associated with a poor prognosis among patients with advanced disease. On the contrary, due to its slow progression from detectable precancerous lesions, the prognosis for patients with early stages of CRC is encouraging. While most robust methods are invasive and costly, actual patient-friendly screening methods for CRC suffer of lack of sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, the development of sensitive, non-invasive and cost-effective methods for CRC detection and prognosis are necessary for increasing the chances of a cure. Beyond its beneficial functions for the host, increasing evidence suggests that the intestinal microbiota is a key factor associated with carcinogenesis. Many clinical studies have reported a disruption in the gut microbiota balance and an alteration in the faecal metabolome of CRC patients, suggesting the potential use of a microbial-based test as a non-invasive diagnostic and/or prognostic tool for CRC screening. This review aims to discuss the microbial signatures associated with CRC known to date, including dysbiosis and faecal metabolome alterations, and the potential use of microbial variation markers for non-invasive early diagnosis and/or prognostic assessment of CRC and advanced adenomas. We will finally discuss the possible use of these markers as predicators for treatment response and their limitations.read more
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A Review of Colorectal Cancer in Terms of Epidemiology, Risk Factors, Development, Symptoms and Diagnosis.
Tomasz Sawicki,Monika Ruszkowska,Anna Danielewicz,Ewa Niedźwiedzka,Tomasz Arłukowicz,Katarzyna Przybyłowicz +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, a review article contains a concise consideration of genetic and environmental risk factors for colorectal cancer including familial and hereditary factors and lifestyle-related and ecological factors.
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TL;DR: The mechanisms involved in microbiota-related colorectal carcinogenesis, including inflammation, pathogenic bacteria, and their virulence factors, genotoxins, oxidative stress, bacterial metabolites, and biofilm are summarized.
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Microbiome and colorectal cancer: Roles in carcinogenesis and clinical potential.
TL;DR: Current knowledge on the healthy microbiome of the gut and how it is altered in colorectal cancer and other related disease conditions is surveyed and a special focus on host-microbiome interaction mechanisms that may be important to explain how dysbiosis can lead to chronic inflammation and drive processes that influence carcinogenesis and tumor progression in colon cancer.
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Intestinal Microbiota: A Novel Target to Improve Anti-Tumor Treatment?
Romain Villeger,Amélie Lopès,Guillaume Carrier,Guillaume Carrier,Julie Veziant,Elisabeth Billard,Nicolas Barnich,Johan Gagnière,Emilie Vazeille,Mathilde Bonnet +9 more
TL;DR: The new microbiota-targeting strategies, such as probiotics and prebiotics, antibiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation and physical activity, which could be effective adjuvant therapies developed in order to improve anticancer therapeutic efficiency are described.
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TL;DR: It is found that primary resistance to ICIs can be attributed to abnormal gut microbiome composition, and Antibiotics inhibited the clinical benefit of ICIs in patients with advanced cancer.
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