Journal ArticleDOI
Neuronal circuits of the neocortex
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TLDR
It is found that, as has long been suspected by cortical neuroanatomists, the same basic laminar and tangential organization of the excitatory neurons of the neocortex is evident wherever it has been sought.Abstract:
We explore the extent to which neocortical circuits generalize, i.e., to what extent can neocortical neurons and the circuits they form be considered as canonical? We find that, as has long been suspected by cortical neuroanatomists, the same basic laminar and tangential organization of the excitatory neurons of the neocortex is evident wherever it has been sought. Similarly, the inhibitory neurons show characteristic morphology and patterns of connections throughout the neocortex. We offer a simple model of cortical processing that is consistent with the major features of cortical circuits: The superficial layer neurons within local patches of cortex, and within areas, cooperate to explore all possible interpretations of different cortical input and cooperatively select an interpretation consistent with their various cortical and subcortical inputs.read more
Citations
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A million spiking-neuron integrated circuit with a scalable communication network and interface
Paul A. Merolla,John V. Arthur,Rodrigo Alvarez-Icaza,Andrew S. Cassidy,Jun Sawada,Filipp Akopyan,Bryan L. Jackson,Nabil Imam,Chen Guo,Yutaka Nakamura,Bernard Brezzo,Ivan Vo,Steven K. Esser,Rathinakumar Appuswamy,Brian Taba,Arnon Amir,Myron D. Flickner,William P. Risk,Rajit Manohar,Dharmendra S. Modha +19 more
TL;DR: Inspired by the brain’s structure, an efficient, scalable, and flexible non–von Neumann architecture is developed that leverages contemporary silicon technology and is well suited to many applications that use complex neural networks in real time, for example, multiobject detection and classification.
Journal ArticleDOI
What we can do and what we cannot do with fMRI
TL;DR: An overview of the current state of fMRI is given, and the current understanding of the haemodynamic signals and the constraints they impose on neuroimaging data interpretation are presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
An anatomically comprehensive atlas of the adult human brain transcriptome
Michael Hawrylycz,Ed S. Lein,Angela L. Guillozet-Bongaarts,Elaine H. Shen,Lydia Ng,Jeremy A. Miller,Louie N. van de Lagemaat,Kimberly A. Smith,Amanda Ebbert,Zackery L. Riley,Chris Abajian,Christian F. Beckmann,Amy Bernard,Darren Bertagnolli,Andrew F. Boe,Preston M. Cartagena,M. Mallar Chakravarty,Mike Chapin,Jimmy Chong,Rachel A. Dalley,Barry Daly,Chinh Dang,Suvro Datta,Nick Dee,Tim A. Dolbeare,Vance Faber,David Feng,David R. Fowler,Jeff Goldy,Benjamin W. Gregor,Zeb Haradon,David R. Haynor,John G. Hohmann,Steve Horvath,Robert Howard,Andreas Jeromin,Jayson M. Jochim,Marty Kinnunen,Christopher Lau,Evan T. Lazarz,Changkyu Lee,Tracy Lemon,Ling Li,Yang Li,John A. Morris,Caroline C. Overly,Patrick D. Parker,Sheana Parry,Melissa Reding,Joshua J. Royall,Jay Schulkin,Pedro Adolfo Sequeira,Clifford R. Slaughterbeck,Simon Smith,Andy J. Sodt,Susan M. Sunkin,Beryl Swanson,Marquis P. Vawter,Derric Williams,Paul Wohnoutka,H. Ronald Zielke,Daniel H. Geschwind,Patrick R. Hof,Stephen M. Smith,Christof Koch,Seth G. N. Grant,Allan R. Jones +66 more
TL;DR: A transcriptional atlas of the adult human brain is described, comprising extensive histological analysis and comprehensive microarray profiling of ∼900 neuroanatomically precise subdivisions in two individuals, to form a high-resolution transcriptional baseline for neurogenetic studies of normal and abnormal human brain function.
Journal ArticleDOI
Canonical Microcircuits for Predictive Coding
André M. Bastos,William Martin Usrey,Rick A. Adams,George R. Mangun,Pascal Fries,Pascal Fries,Karl J. Friston +6 more
TL;DR: This analysis discloses a remarkable correspondence between the microcircuitry of the cortical column and the connectivity implied by predictive coding and provides some intuitive insights into the functional asymmetries between feedforward and feedback connections and the characteristic frequencies over which they operate.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neurophysiological and Computational Principles of Cortical Rhythms in Cognition
TL;DR: A plethora of studies will be reviewed on the involvement of long-distance neuronal coherence in cognitive functions such as multisensory integration, working memory, and selective attention, and implications of abnormal neural synchronization are discussed as they relate to mental disorders like schizophrenia and autism.
References
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Intrinsic connections of macaque striate cortex: axonal projections of cells outside lamina 4C
TL;DR: The present paper deals with the projections of neurons that lie outside of lamina 4C--cells that receive most of their input from the lateral geniculate nucleus, and finds evidence for a correlation between specific patterns of projection and known physiological differences between the topographies of laminatione that are connected.
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Immunohistochemical markers in rat cortex: co-localization of calretinin and calbindin-D28k with neuropeptides and GABA.
TL;DR: Preliminary data indicate greater heterogeneity in hippocampus, especially in the ventral part; at least a few double-positive cells are present for every combination of calcium-binding protein and neuropeptide, which expands the known diversity of local-circuit neurons in cortical regions.
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Local circuit neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex (areas 24a,b,c, 25 and 32) in the monkey: I. Cell morphology and morphometrics
Paul L.A. Gabbott,Sarah J. Bacon +1 more
TL;DR: This paper provides a comprehensive morphological description of local circuit neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC): areas 24a, 24b, 24c, 25 and 32 of the monkey.
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A light and electron microscopic study of the visual cortex of the cat and monkey.
TL;DR: An attempt has been made to clarify the somewhat confusing terminology applied to the laminar cytoarchitectonic pattern of the visual cortex, and the features of spine-bearing varicose dendrites derived from stellate cells described.
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GABAergic neurons of mammalian cerebral cortex: widespread subclass defined by somatostatin content.
TL;DR: In rat, cat and monkey, many GABAergic neurons in the subcortical white matter and certain cortical layers are also immunoreactive for the neuropeptide somatostatin, suggesting a high rate of metabolic activity.