Journal ArticleDOI
Observation of Bose-Einstein Condensation in a Dilute Atomic Vapor
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TLDR
A Bose-Einstein condensate was produced in a vapor of rubidium-87 atoms that was confined by magnetic fields and evaporatively cooled and exhibited a nonthermal, anisotropic velocity distribution expected of the minimum-energy quantum state of the magnetic trap in contrast to the isotropic, thermal velocity distribution observed in the broad uncondensed fraction.Abstract:
A Bose-Einstein condensate was produced in a vapor of rubidium-87 atoms that was confined by magnetic fields and evaporatively cooled. The condensate fraction first appeared near a temperature of 170 nanokelvin and a number density of 2.5 x 10 12 per cubic centimeter and could be preserved for more than 15 seconds. Three primary signatures of Bose-Einstein condensation were seen. (i) On top of a broad thermal velocity distribution, a narrow peak appeared that was centered at zero velocity. (ii) The fraction of the atoms that were in this low-velocity peak increased abruptly as the sample temperature was lowered. (iii) The peak exhibited a nonthermal, anisotropic velocity distribution expected of the minimum-energy quantum state of the magnetic trap in contrast to the isotropic, thermal velocity distribution observed in the broad uncondensed fraction.read more
Citations
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Bifurcations and exceptional points in dipolar Bose–Einstein condensates
TL;DR: In this paper, a method to uncover all states participating in a pitchfork bifurcation in dipolar condensates is presented, and the signatures of exceptional points related to bifurlcations in a mean-field approach by the nonlinear Gross?Pitaevskii equation are investigated.
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Stability of excited states of a Bose-Einstein condensate in an anharmonic trap
TL;DR: In this article, the stability of nonground nonlinear states of a Bose-Einstein condensate in the mean-field limit in effectively one-dimensional (cigar-shape'') traps for various types of confining potentials was analyzed.
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Solid and soft nanostructured materials: Fundamentals and applications
Magnus Willander,Omer Nur,Yu. E. Lozovik,Safaa Al-Hilli,Zackary Chiragwandi,Qiu-Hong Hu,Qing Xiang Zhao,Peter Klason +7 more
TL;DR: This work deals with the growth of crystalline ZnO nanorods on different substrates, both crystalline (silicon, silicon carbide, sapphire, etc) and amorphous substrates and also medical applications like photodynarnic cancer therapy are taken up.
Bose-Einstein Condensation in Microgravity
TL;DR: In this article, a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) of rubidium atoms is dropped into a drop tower and monitored under microgravity conditions, and the authors provide a proof-of-principle demonstration of a technique that can probe the boundary of quantum mechanics and general relativity and perhaps offer the opportunity to reconcile the two experimentally.
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Quantum trajectories and open many-body quantum systems
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors review the progress that has been made in studying open many-body systems in the AMO context, focussing on the application and applications of quantum trajectories methods.
References
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Proceedings Article
Bose-Einstein condensation in a gas of sodium atoms
TL;DR: The striking signature of Bose condensation was the sudden appearance of a bimodal velocity distribution below the critical temperature of ~2µK.
Journal ArticleDOI
Trapping of neutral sodium atoms with radiation pressure
TL;DR: The confinement and cooling of an optically dense cloud of neutral sodium atoms by radiation pressure was reported, provided by three retroreflected laser beams propagating along orthogonal axes, with a weak magnetic field used to distinguish between the beams.
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Plancks Gesetz und Lichtquantenhypothese
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe how the Phasenraum eines Lichtquants in bezug auf ein gegebenes Volumen wird in „Zellen“ von der Grose h3 aufgeteilt, i.e., the Zahl der moglichen Verteilungen der Lichtquanten einer makroskopisch definierten Strahlung unter diese Zellen liefert die Entropie.
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Observation of atoms laser cooled below the Doppler limit
Paul D. Lett,Richard N. Watts,Christoph I Westbrook,William D. Phillips,Phillip L. Gould,Harold Metcalf +5 more
TL;DR: This "Doppler cooling limit" results from the minimization of the detuning-dependent temperature at low laser power1.
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Output Coupler for Bose-Einstein Condensed Atoms
TL;DR: In this paper, an output coupler for Bose condensed atoms in a magnetic trap was demonstrated, where short pulses of rf radiation were used to create Bose condensates in a superposition of trapped and untrapped hyperfine states.