Journal ArticleDOI
Observation of Bose-Einstein Condensation in a Dilute Atomic Vapor
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TLDR
A Bose-Einstein condensate was produced in a vapor of rubidium-87 atoms that was confined by magnetic fields and evaporatively cooled and exhibited a nonthermal, anisotropic velocity distribution expected of the minimum-energy quantum state of the magnetic trap in contrast to the isotropic, thermal velocity distribution observed in the broad uncondensed fraction.Abstract:
A Bose-Einstein condensate was produced in a vapor of rubidium-87 atoms that was confined by magnetic fields and evaporatively cooled. The condensate fraction first appeared near a temperature of 170 nanokelvin and a number density of 2.5 x 10 12 per cubic centimeter and could be preserved for more than 15 seconds. Three primary signatures of Bose-Einstein condensation were seen. (i) On top of a broad thermal velocity distribution, a narrow peak appeared that was centered at zero velocity. (ii) The fraction of the atoms that were in this low-velocity peak increased abruptly as the sample temperature was lowered. (iii) The peak exhibited a nonthermal, anisotropic velocity distribution expected of the minimum-energy quantum state of the magnetic trap in contrast to the isotropic, thermal velocity distribution observed in the broad uncondensed fraction.read more
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Strong light–matter coupling and exciton-polariton condensation in lattices of plasmonic nanoparticles [Invited]
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DissertationDOI
Experimental characterization of quantum microwave radiation and its entanglement with a superconducting qubit
TL;DR: In this paper, a detailed theoretical framework has been developed to measure the statistical properties of propagating microwave fields efficiently in the presence of noise added during detection, which significantly increase the detection efficiency and enable access higher order field correlations.
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Behavior of a Bose-Einstein condensate containing a large number of atoms interacting through a finite-range interatomic interaction
TL;DR: In this article, a modification of the potential harmonic expansion method (including a short range correlation function in the expansion basis) to solve the many-body Schr\"odinger equation was proposed.
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Gap-type dark localized modes in a Bose–Einstein condensate with optical lattices
Liangwei Zeng,Jianhua Zeng +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the formation and stability properties of gap-type dark localized modes in the context of ultracold atoms trapped in optical lattices are described numerically and theoretically.
Journal ArticleDOI
Photoassociation spectroscopy of ultracold Cs below the 6P1/2 limit.
TL;DR: Many observed rotational levels indicate d- and higher partial wave contributions to the photoassociation cross section in the presence of trapping laser light, while spectral regions with only weak features suggest nodes in the lower state wave functions corresponding to the two ground state atoms asymptote.
References
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Proceedings Article
Bose-Einstein condensation in a gas of sodium atoms
TL;DR: The striking signature of Bose condensation was the sudden appearance of a bimodal velocity distribution below the critical temperature of ~2µK.
Journal ArticleDOI
Trapping of neutral sodium atoms with radiation pressure
TL;DR: The confinement and cooling of an optically dense cloud of neutral sodium atoms by radiation pressure was reported, provided by three retroreflected laser beams propagating along orthogonal axes, with a weak magnetic field used to distinguish between the beams.
Journal ArticleDOI
Plancks Gesetz und Lichtquantenhypothese
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe how the Phasenraum eines Lichtquants in bezug auf ein gegebenes Volumen wird in „Zellen“ von der Grose h3 aufgeteilt, i.e., the Zahl der moglichen Verteilungen der Lichtquanten einer makroskopisch definierten Strahlung unter diese Zellen liefert die Entropie.
Journal ArticleDOI
Observation of atoms laser cooled below the Doppler limit
Paul D. Lett,Richard N. Watts,Christoph I Westbrook,William D. Phillips,Phillip L. Gould,Harold Metcalf +5 more
TL;DR: This "Doppler cooling limit" results from the minimization of the detuning-dependent temperature at low laser power1.
Journal ArticleDOI
Output Coupler for Bose-Einstein Condensed Atoms
TL;DR: In this paper, an output coupler for Bose condensed atoms in a magnetic trap was demonstrated, where short pulses of rf radiation were used to create Bose condensates in a superposition of trapped and untrapped hyperfine states.