Journal ArticleDOI
Observation of Bose-Einstein Condensation in a Dilute Atomic Vapor
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A Bose-Einstein condensate was produced in a vapor of rubidium-87 atoms that was confined by magnetic fields and evaporatively cooled and exhibited a nonthermal, anisotropic velocity distribution expected of the minimum-energy quantum state of the magnetic trap in contrast to the isotropic, thermal velocity distribution observed in the broad uncondensed fraction.Abstract:
A Bose-Einstein condensate was produced in a vapor of rubidium-87 atoms that was confined by magnetic fields and evaporatively cooled. The condensate fraction first appeared near a temperature of 170 nanokelvin and a number density of 2.5 x 10 12 per cubic centimeter and could be preserved for more than 15 seconds. Three primary signatures of Bose-Einstein condensation were seen. (i) On top of a broad thermal velocity distribution, a narrow peak appeared that was centered at zero velocity. (ii) The fraction of the atoms that were in this low-velocity peak increased abruptly as the sample temperature was lowered. (iii) The peak exhibited a nonthermal, anisotropic velocity distribution expected of the minimum-energy quantum state of the magnetic trap in contrast to the isotropic, thermal velocity distribution observed in the broad uncondensed fraction.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Number statistics for β-ensembles of random matrices: Applications to trapped fermions at zero temperature.
TL;DR: Analytical results are presented for the full counting statistics of zero-temperature one-dimensional spinless fermions in a harmonic trap and generically the number variance var(N_{I}) exhibits a nonmonotonic behavior as a function of the size of the interval.
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Band transport across a chain of dopant sites in silicon over micron distances and high temperatures.
TL;DR: By employing an atomic chain consisting of an array of 20 atoms implanted along the channel of a silicon transistor with length of 1 μm, this work extends to such unprecedented distance both the single electron quantum transport via sequential tunneling, and to room temperature the features of the Hubbard bands, providing a new example of scaling of quantum mechanical properties.
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Nonlinear dynamics in a trapped atomic Bose-Einstein condensate induced by an oscillating Gaussian potential
Kazuya Fujimoto,Makoto Tsubota +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors considered a trapped atomic Bose-Einstein condensate penetrated by a repulsive Gaussian potential and theoretically investigated the dynamics induced by oscillating the potential.
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Quantum magnetism with ultracold molecules
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors give an introduction to the realization of effective quantum magnetism with ultracold molecules in an optical lattice, reviews experimental and theoretical progress, and highlights future opportunities opened up by ongoing experiments.
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Vortices and ring solitons in Bose-Einstein condensates (14 pages)
C. W. Clark,L. D. Carr +1 more
References
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Proceedings Article
Bose-Einstein condensation in a gas of sodium atoms
TL;DR: The striking signature of Bose condensation was the sudden appearance of a bimodal velocity distribution below the critical temperature of ~2µK.
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Trapping of neutral sodium atoms with radiation pressure
TL;DR: The confinement and cooling of an optically dense cloud of neutral sodium atoms by radiation pressure was reported, provided by three retroreflected laser beams propagating along orthogonal axes, with a weak magnetic field used to distinguish between the beams.
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Plancks Gesetz und Lichtquantenhypothese
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe how the Phasenraum eines Lichtquants in bezug auf ein gegebenes Volumen wird in „Zellen“ von der Grose h3 aufgeteilt, i.e., the Zahl der moglichen Verteilungen der Lichtquanten einer makroskopisch definierten Strahlung unter diese Zellen liefert die Entropie.
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Observation of atoms laser cooled below the Doppler limit
Paul D. Lett,Richard N. Watts,Christoph I Westbrook,William D. Phillips,Phillip L. Gould,Harold Metcalf +5 more
TL;DR: This "Doppler cooling limit" results from the minimization of the detuning-dependent temperature at low laser power1.
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Output Coupler for Bose-Einstein Condensed Atoms
TL;DR: In this paper, an output coupler for Bose condensed atoms in a magnetic trap was demonstrated, where short pulses of rf radiation were used to create Bose condensates in a superposition of trapped and untrapped hyperfine states.