Journal ArticleDOI
Observation of Bose-Einstein Condensation in a Dilute Atomic Vapor
TLDR
A Bose-Einstein condensate was produced in a vapor of rubidium-87 atoms that was confined by magnetic fields and evaporatively cooled and exhibited a nonthermal, anisotropic velocity distribution expected of the minimum-energy quantum state of the magnetic trap in contrast to the isotropic, thermal velocity distribution observed in the broad uncondensed fraction.Abstract:
A Bose-Einstein condensate was produced in a vapor of rubidium-87 atoms that was confined by magnetic fields and evaporatively cooled. The condensate fraction first appeared near a temperature of 170 nanokelvin and a number density of 2.5 x 10 12 per cubic centimeter and could be preserved for more than 15 seconds. Three primary signatures of Bose-Einstein condensation were seen. (i) On top of a broad thermal velocity distribution, a narrow peak appeared that was centered at zero velocity. (ii) The fraction of the atoms that were in this low-velocity peak increased abruptly as the sample temperature was lowered. (iii) The peak exhibited a nonthermal, anisotropic velocity distribution expected of the minimum-energy quantum state of the magnetic trap in contrast to the isotropic, thermal velocity distribution observed in the broad uncondensed fraction.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Quantum dynamics of exciton lasers
A. Imamoḡlu,Rajeev J. Ram +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the quantum dynamics of an exciton boser or laser were analyzed and it was shown that the line width reduction obtained in a boser is limited by the strength of the exciton-exciton interactions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evaporative Cooling of Antiprotons to Cryogenic Temperatures
Gorm Bruun Andresen,M. D. Ashkezari,Marcelo Baquero-Ruiz,William Bertsche,P. D. Bowe,E. Butler,C. L. Cesar,Scott Chapman,M. Charlton,Joel Fajans,T. Friesen,M. C. Fujiwara,D. R. Gill,J. S. Hangst,Walter Hardy,Ryugo S. Hayano,Michael E. Hayden,A. J. Humphries,Richard Hydomako,Svante Jonsell,Leonid Kurchaninov,R. Lambo,Niels Madsen,S. Menary,P. J. Nolan,K. Olchanski,A. Olin,A. Povilus,Petteri Pusa,Francis Robicheaux,E. Sarid,D. M. Silveira,Chukman So,James William Storey,Robert Thompson,D. P. van der Werf,D. Wilding,Jonathan Wurtele,Yasunori Yamazaki +38 more
TL;DR: The application of evaporative cooling to clouds of trapped antiprotons, resulting in plasmas with measured temperature as low as 9 K, opens up new possibilities for cooling of trapped ions and is of particular interest in antiproton physics.
Journal ArticleDOI
Testing the universality of free fall with rubidium and ytterbium in a very large baseline atom interferometer
Jonas Hartwig,Sven Abend,Christian Schubert,Dennis Schlippert,Holger Ahlers,Katerine Posso-Trujillo,Naceur Gaaloul,Wolfgang Ertmer,Ernst M. Rasel +8 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a very long baseline atom interferometer test of EEP with ytterbium and rubidium extending over 10 m of free fall, which achieved an accuracy in the Eotvos ratio of 7 · 10−13.
Journal ArticleDOI
Transition to a Bose-Einstein condensate and relaxation explosion of excitons at sub-Kelvin temperatures
TL;DR: Yoshioka et al. as mentioned in this paper showed that condensation manifests itself as a relaxation explosion as has been observed for atomic hydrogen, and showed that it can be observed in the case of atomic hydrogen.
Journal ArticleDOI
Second-Order Time Correlations within a Polariton Bose-Einstein Condensate in a CdTe Microcavity
TL;DR: Second-order time correlations of polaritons have been measured across the condensation threshold in a CdTe microcavity, demonstrating the transition from a thermal-like state to a coherent state with increasing polariton density.
References
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Proceedings Article
Bose-Einstein condensation in a gas of sodium atoms
TL;DR: The striking signature of Bose condensation was the sudden appearance of a bimodal velocity distribution below the critical temperature of ~2µK.
Journal ArticleDOI
Trapping of neutral sodium atoms with radiation pressure
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Plancks Gesetz und Lichtquantenhypothese
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Observation of atoms laser cooled below the Doppler limit
Paul D. Lett,Richard N. Watts,Christoph I Westbrook,William D. Phillips,Phillip L. Gould,Harold Metcalf +5 more
TL;DR: This "Doppler cooling limit" results from the minimization of the detuning-dependent temperature at low laser power1.
Journal ArticleDOI
Output Coupler for Bose-Einstein Condensed Atoms
TL;DR: In this paper, an output coupler for Bose condensed atoms in a magnetic trap was demonstrated, where short pulses of rf radiation were used to create Bose condensates in a superposition of trapped and untrapped hyperfine states.