Journal ArticleDOI
Observation of Bose-Einstein Condensation in a Dilute Atomic Vapor
TLDR
A Bose-Einstein condensate was produced in a vapor of rubidium-87 atoms that was confined by magnetic fields and evaporatively cooled and exhibited a nonthermal, anisotropic velocity distribution expected of the minimum-energy quantum state of the magnetic trap in contrast to the isotropic, thermal velocity distribution observed in the broad uncondensed fraction.Abstract:
A Bose-Einstein condensate was produced in a vapor of rubidium-87 atoms that was confined by magnetic fields and evaporatively cooled. The condensate fraction first appeared near a temperature of 170 nanokelvin and a number density of 2.5 x 10 12 per cubic centimeter and could be preserved for more than 15 seconds. Three primary signatures of Bose-Einstein condensation were seen. (i) On top of a broad thermal velocity distribution, a narrow peak appeared that was centered at zero velocity. (ii) The fraction of the atoms that were in this low-velocity peak increased abruptly as the sample temperature was lowered. (iii) The peak exhibited a nonthermal, anisotropic velocity distribution expected of the minimum-energy quantum state of the magnetic trap in contrast to the isotropic, thermal velocity distribution observed in the broad uncondensed fraction.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Anisotropic Expansion of a Thermal Dipolar Bose Gas.
TL;DR: The results extend the utility of expansion imaging by providing accurate thermometry for dipolar thermal Bose gases and present a simple method to determine scattering lengths in dipolar gases, including near a Feshbach resonance, through observation of thermal gas expansion.
Journal ArticleDOI
Pseudogap phenomena in ultracold atomic Fermi gases
Qijin Chen,Jibiao Wang +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors review the progress in the study of pseudogap phenomena in atomic Fermi gases in terms of both theoretical understanding and experimental observations and show that there is strong, unambiguous evidence for the existence of a pseudoogap in strongly interacting Fermis gases.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cooling many particles at once
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a mechanism for collective cooling of a large number of trapped particles to very low temperatures by applying red-detuned laser fields and coupling them to the quantized field inside an optical resonator.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ginzburg-Landau model of Bose-Einstein condensation of magnons
TL;DR: In this article, a system of phenomenological equations for Bose-Einstein condensates of magnons in the one-dimensional setting is introduced, which combines basic features of the Gross-Pitaevskii and complex Ginzburg-Landau models.
Journal ArticleDOI
Acoustic Traps and Lattices for Electrons in Semiconductors
M. J. A. Schuetz,M. J. A. Schuetz,Johannes Knörzer,Geza Giedke,Lieven M. K. Vandersypen,Mikhail D. Lukin,J. I. Cirac +6 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe how electrons and quasiparticles in solids could be trapped and moved using surface acoustic waves using a single-antenna acoustic wave generator.
References
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Proceedings Article
Bose-Einstein condensation in a gas of sodium atoms
TL;DR: The striking signature of Bose condensation was the sudden appearance of a bimodal velocity distribution below the critical temperature of ~2µK.
Journal ArticleDOI
Trapping of neutral sodium atoms with radiation pressure
TL;DR: The confinement and cooling of an optically dense cloud of neutral sodium atoms by radiation pressure was reported, provided by three retroreflected laser beams propagating along orthogonal axes, with a weak magnetic field used to distinguish between the beams.
Journal ArticleDOI
Plancks Gesetz und Lichtquantenhypothese
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe how the Phasenraum eines Lichtquants in bezug auf ein gegebenes Volumen wird in „Zellen“ von der Grose h3 aufgeteilt, i.e., the Zahl der moglichen Verteilungen der Lichtquanten einer makroskopisch definierten Strahlung unter diese Zellen liefert die Entropie.
Journal ArticleDOI
Observation of atoms laser cooled below the Doppler limit
Paul D. Lett,Richard N. Watts,Christoph I Westbrook,William D. Phillips,Phillip L. Gould,Harold Metcalf +5 more
TL;DR: This "Doppler cooling limit" results from the minimization of the detuning-dependent temperature at low laser power1.
Journal ArticleDOI
Output Coupler for Bose-Einstein Condensed Atoms
TL;DR: In this paper, an output coupler for Bose condensed atoms in a magnetic trap was demonstrated, where short pulses of rf radiation were used to create Bose condensates in a superposition of trapped and untrapped hyperfine states.