Journal ArticleDOI
Observation of Bose-Einstein Condensation in a Dilute Atomic Vapor
TLDR
A Bose-Einstein condensate was produced in a vapor of rubidium-87 atoms that was confined by magnetic fields and evaporatively cooled and exhibited a nonthermal, anisotropic velocity distribution expected of the minimum-energy quantum state of the magnetic trap in contrast to the isotropic, thermal velocity distribution observed in the broad uncondensed fraction.Abstract:
A Bose-Einstein condensate was produced in a vapor of rubidium-87 atoms that was confined by magnetic fields and evaporatively cooled. The condensate fraction first appeared near a temperature of 170 nanokelvin and a number density of 2.5 x 10 12 per cubic centimeter and could be preserved for more than 15 seconds. Three primary signatures of Bose-Einstein condensation were seen. (i) On top of a broad thermal velocity distribution, a narrow peak appeared that was centered at zero velocity. (ii) The fraction of the atoms that were in this low-velocity peak increased abruptly as the sample temperature was lowered. (iii) The peak exhibited a nonthermal, anisotropic velocity distribution expected of the minimum-energy quantum state of the magnetic trap in contrast to the isotropic, thermal velocity distribution observed in the broad uncondensed fraction.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
All-Optical Bose-Einstein Condensates in Microgravity.
G. Condon,Martin Rabault,Brynle Barrett,L. Chichet,R. Arguel,H. Eneriz-Imaz,D. S. Naik,Andrea Bertoldi,Baptiste Battelier,Philippe Bouyer,Arnaud Landragin +10 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors report on the all-optical production of Bose-Einstein condensates in microgravity using a combination of grey molasses cooling, light-shift engineering and optical trapping in a painted potential.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bose-Einstein condensation in the relativistic ideal Bose gas.
TL;DR: The Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) critical temperature in a relativistic ideal Bose gas of identical bosons, with and without the antibosons expected to be pair-produced abundantly at sufficiently hot temperatures, is exactly calculated forall boson number densities, all boson point rest masses, and all temperatures.
Journal ArticleDOI
Coherence length of cold exciton gases in coupled quantum wells.
TL;DR: A Mach-Zehnder interferometer with spatial and spectral resolution was used to probe spontaneous coherence in cold exciton gases, which are implemented experimentally in the ring of indirect excitons in coupled quantum wells.
Journal ArticleDOI
Laser slowing of CaF molecules to near the capture velocity of a molecular MOT
Boerge Hemmerling,Boerge Hemmerling,Eunmi Chae,Eunmi Chae,Aakash Ravi,Aakash Ravi,Loic Anderegg,Loic Anderegg,Garrett K. Drayna,Garrett K. Drayna,Nicholas R. Hutzler,Nicholas R. Hutzler,Alejandra Collopy,Alejandra Collopy,Jun Ye,Jun Ye,Wolfgang Ketterle,John M. Doyle,John M. Doyle +18 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a two-stage buffer gas beam source was used for laser slowing of CaF molecules down to the capture velocity of a magneto-optical trap (MOT) for molecules.
Book ChapterDOI
Nonlinear Optical Spectroscopy
TL;DR: The nonlinear optical effects described in Chaps.
References
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Proceedings Article
Bose-Einstein condensation in a gas of sodium atoms
TL;DR: The striking signature of Bose condensation was the sudden appearance of a bimodal velocity distribution below the critical temperature of ~2µK.
Journal ArticleDOI
Trapping of neutral sodium atoms with radiation pressure
TL;DR: The confinement and cooling of an optically dense cloud of neutral sodium atoms by radiation pressure was reported, provided by three retroreflected laser beams propagating along orthogonal axes, with a weak magnetic field used to distinguish between the beams.
Journal ArticleDOI
Plancks Gesetz und Lichtquantenhypothese
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe how the Phasenraum eines Lichtquants in bezug auf ein gegebenes Volumen wird in „Zellen“ von der Grose h3 aufgeteilt, i.e., the Zahl der moglichen Verteilungen der Lichtquanten einer makroskopisch definierten Strahlung unter diese Zellen liefert die Entropie.
Journal ArticleDOI
Observation of atoms laser cooled below the Doppler limit
Paul D. Lett,Richard N. Watts,Christoph I Westbrook,William D. Phillips,Phillip L. Gould,Harold Metcalf +5 more
TL;DR: This "Doppler cooling limit" results from the minimization of the detuning-dependent temperature at low laser power1.
Journal ArticleDOI
Output Coupler for Bose-Einstein Condensed Atoms
TL;DR: In this paper, an output coupler for Bose condensed atoms in a magnetic trap was demonstrated, where short pulses of rf radiation were used to create Bose condensates in a superposition of trapped and untrapped hyperfine states.