Journal ArticleDOI
Observation of Bose-Einstein Condensation in a Dilute Atomic Vapor
TLDR
A Bose-Einstein condensate was produced in a vapor of rubidium-87 atoms that was confined by magnetic fields and evaporatively cooled and exhibited a nonthermal, anisotropic velocity distribution expected of the minimum-energy quantum state of the magnetic trap in contrast to the isotropic, thermal velocity distribution observed in the broad uncondensed fraction.Abstract:
A Bose-Einstein condensate was produced in a vapor of rubidium-87 atoms that was confined by magnetic fields and evaporatively cooled. The condensate fraction first appeared near a temperature of 170 nanokelvin and a number density of 2.5 x 10 12 per cubic centimeter and could be preserved for more than 15 seconds. Three primary signatures of Bose-Einstein condensation were seen. (i) On top of a broad thermal velocity distribution, a narrow peak appeared that was centered at zero velocity. (ii) The fraction of the atoms that were in this low-velocity peak increased abruptly as the sample temperature was lowered. (iii) The peak exhibited a nonthermal, anisotropic velocity distribution expected of the minimum-energy quantum state of the magnetic trap in contrast to the isotropic, thermal velocity distribution observed in the broad uncondensed fraction.read more
Citations
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On the dynamics of finite temperature trapped Bose gases
Avy Soffer,Minh-Binh Tran +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors considered the case of a Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC) and the thermal cloud at finite temperature and provided a global existence and uniqueness result for classical positive radial solutions to the spatially homogeneous kinetic system.
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Local existence of solutions to randomized Gross-Pitaevskii hierarchies
TL;DR: Chen et al. as discussed by the authors studied the local-in-time existence of solutions to randomized forms of the Gross-Pitaevskii hierarchy on periodic domains, and showed that the truncation argument can be used to estimate the Duhamel expansions.
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The search for Bose–Einstein condensation of excitons in Cu2O: exciton-Auger recombination versus biexciton formation
J. P. Wolfe,Joon I. Jang +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors report time and space-resolved luminescence data that supports the existence of short-lived biexcitons in a strain well, implying an exciton loss rate of the form with a Biexciton capture coefficient C(T) proportional to, as predicted by basic thermodynamics.
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Inertial quantum sensors using light and matter
TL;DR: In the past few decades, the field of atom optics has developed in many ways, with both fundamental and applied significance as discussed by the authors, with the prospect of a new generation of force sensors exhibiting unprecedented sensitivity and accuracy for applications from navigation and geophysics to tests of general relativity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mesoscopic coherence in light scattering from cold, optically dense and disordered atomic systems
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed coherent effects manifested in light scattering from cold, optically dense and disordered atomic systems from a primarily theoretical point of view, and elaborated the basic theoretical tools through several physical atomic physics based processes which have been at least partly explored experimentally.
References
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Proceedings Article
Bose-Einstein condensation in a gas of sodium atoms
TL;DR: The striking signature of Bose condensation was the sudden appearance of a bimodal velocity distribution below the critical temperature of ~2µK.
Journal ArticleDOI
Trapping of neutral sodium atoms with radiation pressure
TL;DR: The confinement and cooling of an optically dense cloud of neutral sodium atoms by radiation pressure was reported, provided by three retroreflected laser beams propagating along orthogonal axes, with a weak magnetic field used to distinguish between the beams.
Journal ArticleDOI
Plancks Gesetz und Lichtquantenhypothese
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe how the Phasenraum eines Lichtquants in bezug auf ein gegebenes Volumen wird in „Zellen“ von der Grose h3 aufgeteilt, i.e., the Zahl der moglichen Verteilungen der Lichtquanten einer makroskopisch definierten Strahlung unter diese Zellen liefert die Entropie.
Journal ArticleDOI
Observation of atoms laser cooled below the Doppler limit
Paul D. Lett,Richard N. Watts,Christoph I Westbrook,William D. Phillips,Phillip L. Gould,Harold Metcalf +5 more
TL;DR: This "Doppler cooling limit" results from the minimization of the detuning-dependent temperature at low laser power1.
Journal ArticleDOI
Output Coupler for Bose-Einstein Condensed Atoms
TL;DR: In this paper, an output coupler for Bose condensed atoms in a magnetic trap was demonstrated, where short pulses of rf radiation were used to create Bose condensates in a superposition of trapped and untrapped hyperfine states.