Institution
Colorado State University
Education•Fort Collins, Colorado, United States•
About: Colorado State University is a education organization based out in Fort Collins, Colorado, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Laser. The organization has 31430 authors who have published 69040 publications receiving 2724463 citations. The organization is also known as: CSU & Colorado Agricultural College.
Topics: Population, Laser, Radar, Poison control, Soil water
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory1, University of Rochester2, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory3, École Polytechnique4, Ohio State University5, University of Michigan6, University of Jena7, Russian Academy of Sciences8, Osaka University9, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic10, Chinese Academy of Sciences11, Shanghai Jiao Tong University12, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology13, Colorado State University14, University of Szeged15
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide a comprehensive update of the current status of ultra-high-power lasers and demonstrate how the technology has developed, and what technologies are to be deployed to get to these new regimes, and some critical issues facing their development.
Abstract: In the 2015 review paper 'Petawatt Class Lasers Worldwide' a comprehensive overview of the current status of highpower facilities of >200 TW was presented. This was largely based on facility specifications, with some description of their uses, for instance in fundamental ultra-high-intensity interactions, secondary source generation, and inertial confinement fusion (ICF). With the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physics being awarded to Professors Donna Strickland and Gerard Mourou for the development of the technique of chirped pulse amplification (CPA), which made these lasers possible, we celebrate by providing a comprehensive update of the current status of ultra-high-power lasers and demonstrate how the technology has developed. We are now in the era of multi-petawatt facilities coming online, with 100 PW lasers being proposed and even under construction. In addition to this there is a pull towards development of industrial and multidisciplinary applications, which demands much higher repetition rates, delivering high-average powers with higher efficiencies and the use of alternative wavelengths: mid-IR facilities. So apart from a comprehensive update of the current global status, we want to look at what technologies are to be deployed to get to these new regimes, and some of the critical issues facing their development.
559 citations
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National Technological University1, Technical University of Lisbon2, University of Turin3, University of Paris4, National Scientific and Technical Research Council5, New York University6, University of Naples Federico II7, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee8, INAF9, Complutense University of Madrid10, University of California, Los Angeles11, Pierre-and-Marie-Curie University12, University of Chicago13, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology14, National University of La Plata15, Ohio State University16, Colorado State University17, Joseph Fourier University18, University of Alcalá19, University of Salento20, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare21, University of Rome Tor Vergata22, Polish Academy of Sciences23, University of Leeds24, University of Siegen25, University of Granada26, Max Planck Society27, University of Catania28, Fermilab29, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic30, Radboud University Nijmegen31, University of Paris-Sud32, Pennsylvania State University33
TL;DR: The measurement of the depth of maximum, X{max}, of the longitudinal development of air showers induced by cosmic rays is described and the interpretation of these results in terms of the cosmic ray mass composition is briefly discussed.
Abstract: We describe the measurement of the depth of maximum, Xmax, of the longitudinal development of air showers induced by cosmic rays. Almost four thousand events above 10^18 eV observed by the fluorescence detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory in coincidence with at least one surface detector station are selected for the analysis. The average shower maximum was found to evolve with energy at a rate of (106 +35/-21) g/cm^2/decade below 10^(18.24 +/- 0.05) eV and (24 +/- 3) g/cm^2/decade above this energy. The measured shower-to-shower fluctuations decrease from about 55 to 26 g/cm^2. The interpretation of these results in terms of the cosmic ray mass composition is briefly discussed.
558 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, a model is developed that describes how attitudinal commitment may reside in either the instrumental or the social strain of a manufacturer's relationship with its distributor, and the developmental role played by key facets of the channel setting.
Abstract: Previous conceptualizations of attitudinal commitment are extended by considering two very different components of a manufacturer’s attachment to an independent channel intermediary. Relying on commitment theory, a model is developed that describes how attitudinal commitment may reside in either the instrumental or the social strain of a manufacturer’s relationship with its distributor. For each strain, the developmental role played by key facets of the channel setting—relative dependence, pledges, and trust—are shown. Furthermore, the nature of the attachment bond is posited to motivate very different governance mechanisms as the distribution agreement is enforced by either social or contractual means. Empirical support for the model demonstrates that an expanded view of attitudinal commitment is important in understanding the complex nature of attachment in channel relationships.
558 citations
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University of Reading1, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory2, École Normale Supérieure3, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation4, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration5, University of Victoria6, Hadley Centre for Climate Prediction and Research7, National Center for Atmospheric Research8, Goddard Space Flight Center9, European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts10, Colorado State University11, California Institute of Technology12
TL;DR: The ability of 15 atmospheric general circulation models (AGCM) to simulate the tropical intraseasonal oscillation has been studied as part of the Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP) as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The ability of 15 atmospheric general circulation models (AGCM) to simulate the tropical intraseasonal oscillation has been studied as part of the Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP). Time series of the daily upper tropospheric velocity poential and zonal wind, averaged over the equatorial belt, were provided from each AGCM simulation. These data were analyzed using a variety of techniques such as time filtering and space-time spectral analysis to identify eastward and westward moving waves. The results have been compared with an identical assessment of the European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) analyses for the period 1982–1991. The models display a wide range of skill in simulating the intraseasonal oscillation. Most models show evidence of an eastward propagating anomaly in the velocity potential field, although in some models there is a greater tendency for a standing oscillation, and in one or two the field is rather chaotic with no preferred direction of propagation. Where a model has a clear eastward propagating signal, typical periodicities seem quite reasonable although there is a tendency for the models to simulate shorter periods than in the ECMWF analyses, where it is near 50 days. The results of the space-time spectral analysis have shown that no model has captured the dominance of the intraseasonal oscillation found in the analyses. Several models have peaks at intraseasonal time scales, but nearly all have relatively more power at higher frequencies (< 30 days) than the analyses. Most models underestimate the strength of the intraseasonal variability. The observed intraseasonal oscillation shows a marked seasonality in its occurrence with greatest activity during northern winter and spring. Most models failed to capture this seasonality. The interannual variability in the activity of the intraseasonal oscillation has also been assessed, although the AMIP decade is too short to provide any conclusive results. There is a suggestion that the observed oscillation was suppressed during the strong El Nino of 1982/83, and this relationship has also been reproduced by some models. The relationship between a model's intraseasonal activity, its seasonal cycle and characteristics of its basic climate has been examined. It is clear that those models with weak intraseasonal activity tend also to have a weak seasonal cycle. It is becoming increasingly evident that an accurate description of the basic climate may be a prerequisite for producing a realistic intraseasonal oscillation. In particular, models with the most realistic intraseasonal oscillations appear to have precipitation distributions which are better correlated with warm sea surface temperatures. These models predominantly employ convective parameterizations which are closed on buoyancy rather than moisture convergence.
558 citations
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TL;DR: The reference set of proteins used in the estimation of protein secondary structure by CD spectroscopy is expanded from 29 to 37 proteins by including 3 additional globular proteins with known X-ray structure and 5 denatured proteins to help with the determination ofprotein secondary structure from protein CD spectra with higher reliability.
556 citations
Authors
Showing all 31766 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Mark P. Mattson | 200 | 980 | 138033 |
Stephen J. O'Brien | 153 | 1062 | 93025 |
Ad Bax | 138 | 486 | 97112 |
David Price | 138 | 1687 | 93535 |
Georgios B. Giannakis | 137 | 1321 | 73517 |
James Mueller | 134 | 1194 | 87738 |
Christopher B. Field | 133 | 408 | 88930 |
Steven W. Running | 126 | 355 | 76265 |
Simon Lin | 126 | 754 | 69084 |
Jitender P. Dubey | 124 | 1344 | 77275 |
Gregory P. Asner | 123 | 613 | 60547 |
Steven P. DenBaars | 118 | 1366 | 60343 |
Peter Molnar | 118 | 446 | 53480 |
William R. Jacobs | 118 | 490 | 48638 |
C. Patrignani | 117 | 1754 | 110008 |