Sao Paulo State University

About: Sao Paulo State University is a education organization based out in São Paulo, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 55715 authors who have published 100436 publications receiving 1375332 citations.

Azimuthal anisotropy of charged particles at high transverse momenta in Pb-Pb collisions at √s NN=2.76TeV

Abstract: The azimuthal anisotropy of charged particles in PbPb collisions at nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 2.76 TeV is measured with the CMS detector at the LHC over an extended transverse momentum (pt) range up to approximately 60 GeV. The data cover both the low-pt region associated with hydrodynamic flow phenomena and the high-pt region where the anisotropies may reflect the path-length dependence of parton energy loss in the created medium. The anisotropy parameter (v2) of the particles is extracted by correlating charged tracks with respect to the event-plane reconstructed by using the energy deposited in forward-angle calorimeters. For the six bins of collision centrality studied, spanning the range of 0-60% most-central events, the observed v2 values are found to first increase with pt, reaching a maximum around pt = 3 GeV, and then to gradually decrease to almost zero, with the decline persisting up to at least pt = 40 GeV over the full centrality range measured.

Diversidade e distribuição espaço-temporal de anuros em região com pronunciada estação seca no sudeste do Brasil

Abstract: Anthropic activities have deeply changed natural environments and constantly affected the diversity and distribution of anurans. This study aimed to investigate the following questions: (1) What is the frogs composition in a pasture region with a pronounced seasonal climate in extreme northwest of the state of Sao Paulo? (2) How are adults and tadpoles of the species distributed temporally and spatially? (3) Is species richness correlated to descriptors of reproductive habitats heterogeneity? In the study site 20 anuran species were recorded, distributed in 11 genus of four families: Leptodactylidae (9), Hylidae (8), Microhylidae (2) and Bufonidae (1). From these, Chaunus schneideri (Werner, 1894), Physalaemus centralis Bokermann, 1962 and Physalaemus fuscomaculatus (Steindachner, 1864) were recorded only by tadpoles collection, whereas Dendropsophus minutus (Peters, 1872) and Leptodactylus labyrinthicus (Spix, 1824) occurred only in water bodies next to the studied ones. The recorded species are known by their ample geographic distribution and for colonizing disturbed areas in other localities. There was no correlation between species richness and structural complexity of water bodies. However, the greater richness was recorded in temporary water bodies that kept water more than six months throughout the year. The temporary ponds of unstable hydroperiod were colonized initially by leptodactylids, while the permanent or temporary ponds were colonized by hylids. The vocalization and reproductive activity of most species were restricted to the warm and rainy period of the year, a typical pattern of communities in the tropical seasonal regions. Five species [Chaunus schneideri, Dendropsophus nanus (Boulenger, 1889), Hypsiboas albopunctatus Spix, 1824, Leptodactylus podicipinus (Cope, 1862) and Pseudopaludicola aff. saltica (Cope, 1887)] vocalized during the dry and rainy seasons, but only C. schneideri and H. albopunctatus reproduced during the dry season. The weak spatial and temporal segregation, recorded to adults and tadpoles, is not enough to explain reproductive isolation among species. Other factors, like acoustic segregation and calling site segregation, may have major importance to explain species coexistence. Climatic severity (wide and pronounced dry season, unpredictability and inconstancy of rains in the beginning of the rainy season), along with the high level of natural habitat being converted in cultivated areas are, probably, the factors responsible for the predominance of species typical from disturbed areas.

Susceptibility of Candida albicans to photodynamic therapy in a murine model of oral candidosis.

Abstract: Objective In vivo studies of antimicrobial PDT in animal models of oral candidosis are scarce and the association of porphyrin and LED light has not been evaluated for in vivo photoinactivation of Candida . In this study the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy (PDT) on the inactivation of Candida albicans in vivo was evaluated. Study design Seventy-one 6-week-old female Swiss mice were immunosuppressed, provided tetracycline to their drinking water, then orally swabbed with a suspension of C. albicans (10 7 CFU/mL). Four days after oral inoculation, PDT was performed on the dorsum of the tongue after topical administration of Photogem at 400, 500, or 1000 mg/L and followed 30 minutes later by illumination with LED light (305 J/cm 2 ) at 455 or 630 nm (n = 5 each). After swabbing to recover yeast from the tongue, the number of surviving yeast cells was determined (CFU/mL) and analyzed by ANOVA and Holm-Sidak tests ( P Results PDT resulted in a significant reduction in C. albicans recovered from the tongue ( P Conclusion PDT promoted significant reduction in the viability of C. albicans biofilm without harming the tongue tissue.