Journal ArticleDOI
MAP kinase kinase kinase, MAP kinase kinase and MAP kinase.
TLDR
Recent advances have shown that in two MAP kinase pathways (the mating response pathway in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, and receptor tyrosine kinase signalling), the small GTP binding protein ras p21 links membrane events to kinase pathway activation.About:
This article is published in Current Opinion in Genetics & Development.The article was published on 1994-02-01. It has received 987 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: MAP kinase kinase kinase & Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase.read more
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Cis-parinaric acid effects, cytotoxicity, c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase, forkhead transcription factor and Mn-SOD differentially in malignant and normal astrocytes.
TL;DR: The results imply that a selective activation of JNK and the opposite regulation of FKHR-L1 and Mn-SOD contribute to the differential cytotoxicity of c-PNA in malignant and normal glial cells.
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Development of brain injury in mice by Angiostrongylus cantonensis infection is associated with the induction of transcription factor NF-κB, nuclear protooncogenes, and protein tyrosine phosphorylation
Hsiu Hsiung Lee,Song Jui Shiow,Hung Chi Chung,Chih Yang Huang,Chiann Ling Lin,Jeng-Dong Hsu,Ling Yuh Shyu,Chau-Jong Wang +7 more
TL;DR: The data suggest that the development of brain injury by eosinophlia of A. cantonensis infection is associated with NF-kappaB and/or nuclear protooncogenes expression, which is activated by the tyrosine phosphorylation pathway.
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A perspective on the early days of RAS research
TL;DR: These discoveries are reviewed, placing emphasis on the pioneering research of Christopher Marshall and Alan Hall, who subsequently made immense contributions to the authors' understanding of the functions of RAS and related small GTPases to signal transduction pathways, cell structure, and the behavior of normal and malignant cells.
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T-cell Tolerance and Autoimmune Diabetes
TL;DR: According to the preliminary results, the MHC II/peptide-based approach may provide rational grounds for further development of antigen-specific immunotherapeutic agents such as human-like M HC II/ peptide chimeras endowed with efficient down-regulatory effects in CD4 T-cell-mediated autoimmune diseases such as Type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis, primary biliary cirrhosis, and rheumatoid arthritis.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Mammalian Ras interacts directly with the serine/threonine kinase Raf
TL;DR: Raf interacts with wild-type and activated Ras, but not with an effector domain mutant of Ras or with a dominant-interfering Ras mutant, and this interaction is dependent on GTP bound to Ras.
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ERKs: A family of protein-serine/threonine kinases that are activated and tyrosine phosphorylated in response to insulin and NGF
Teri G. Boulton,Steven H. Nye,David J. Robbins,Nancy Y. Ip,Elizabeth Radzlejewska,Sharon D. Morgenbesser,Ronald A. DePinho,Nikos Panayotatos,Melanie H. Cobb,George D. Yancopoulos +9 more
TL;DR: Cl cloning and characterization of two ERK1-related kinases, ERK2 and ERK3, are described and evidence suggesting that there are additional ERK family members is provided, which may serve as intermediates that depend on tyrosine phosphorylation to activate serine/threonineosphorylation cascades.
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cPLA2 is phosphorylated and activated by MAP kinase.
TL;DR: Treatment of cells with agents that stimulate the release of arachidonic acid causes increased serine phosphorylation and activation of cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2).
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Phosphorylation of c- jun mediated by MAP kinases
TL;DR: Evidence is presented that mitogen-activated protein-serine (MAP) kinases (pp54 and pp42/44) specifically phosphorylate these sites and that their phosphorylation positively regulates the transacting activity of c-jun.
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Raf-1 activates MAP kinase-kinase.
John M. Kyriakis,Harald App,Xian-feng Zhang,Papia Banerjee,David L. Brautigan,Ulf R. Rapp,Joseph Avruch +6 more
TL;DR: Results indicate that c-Raf-1 is an immediate upstream activator of MAPK-K in vivo, the first physiological substrate of the c-raf-l protooncogene product to be identified.