Journal ArticleDOI
MAP kinase kinase kinase, MAP kinase kinase and MAP kinase.
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TLDR
Recent advances have shown that in two MAP kinase pathways (the mating response pathway in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, and receptor tyrosine kinase signalling), the small GTP binding protein ras p21 links membrane events to kinase pathway activation.About:Β
This article is published in Current Opinion in Genetics & Development.The article was published on 1994-02-01. It has received 987 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: MAP kinase kinase kinase & Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase.read more
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Lack of constitutive activation of MAP kinase pathway in human acute myeloid leukemia cells with N-Ras mutation.
Minako Iida,Masayuki Towatari,A Nakao,Hiroatsu Iida,Hitoshi Kiyoi,Yasuyuki Nakano,Mitsune Tanimoto,Hiroshi Saito,Tomoki Naoe +8 more
TL;DR: The correlation of Ras mutations and the activation of MAP kinase pathway in patients with AML is examined and function of the Ras mutations may be different between solid tumors, such as pancreatic carcinoma and colorectal carcinoma, and AML.
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Hypoxia and the regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinases: gene transcription and the assessment of potential pharmacologic therapeutic interventions
TL;DR: This review correlates current concepts of hypoxic sensing pathways with hypoxia-related phosphorylation mechanisms mediated by MAPKs via the genetic and pharmacologic regulation/manipulation of specific transcription factors and related cofactors.
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BRAF/K-ras mutation, microsatellite instability, and promoter hypermethylation of hMLH1/MGMT in human gastric carcinomas.
TL;DR: Although BRAF mutation has been reported in a variety of other human cancers, it is a rare event in the carcinogenesis and progression/development of gastric cancer.
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The Megakaryocyte/Platelet-specific enhancer of the alpha2beta1 integrin gene: two tandem AP1 sites and the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling cascade.
TL;DR: This work provides a model of megakaryocytic differentiation in which expression of the ξ2 integrin gene requires signaling via the MAP kinase pathway to activate two tandem AP1 binding sites in the πππ½ππ·π¦π΄π΅π’ππͺππ¬ flank of the distal 5β² flank.
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Alternative activation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases in curcumin and arsenite-induced HSP70 gene expression in human colorectal carcinoma cells.
TL;DR: The results indicated that the ERK signaling pathway can participate in HSP70 gene expression induced by the prooxidant sodium arsenite, but not by the antioxidant curcumin.
References
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Mammalian Ras interacts directly with the serine/threonine kinase Raf
TL;DR: Raf interacts with wild-type and activated Ras, but not with an effector domain mutant of Ras or with a dominant-interfering Ras mutant, and this interaction is dependent on GTP bound to Ras.
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ERKs: A family of protein-serine/threonine kinases that are activated and tyrosine phosphorylated in response to insulin and NGF
Teri G. Boulton,Steven H. Nye,David J. Robbins,Nancy Y. Ip,Elizabeth Radzlejewska,Sharon D. Morgenbesser,Ronald A. DePinho,Nikos Panayotatos,Melanie H. Cobb,George D. Yancopoulos +9 more
TL;DR: Cl cloning and characterization of two ERK1-related kinases, ERK2 and ERK3, are described and evidence suggesting that there are additional ERK family members is provided, which may serve as intermediates that depend on tyrosine phosphorylation to activate serine/threonineosphorylation cascades.
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cPLA2 is phosphorylated and activated by MAP kinase.
TL;DR: Treatment of cells with agents that stimulate the release of arachidonic acid causes increased serine phosphorylation and activation of cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2).
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Phosphorylation of c- jun mediated by MAP kinases
TL;DR: Evidence is presented that mitogen-activated protein-serine (MAP) kinases (pp54 and pp42/44) specifically phosphorylate these sites and that their phosphorylation positively regulates the transacting activity of c-jun.
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Raf-1 activates MAP kinase-kinase.
John M. Kyriakis,Harald App,Xian-feng Zhang,Papia Banerjee,David L. Brautigan,Ulf R. Rapp,Joseph Avruch +6 more
TL;DR: Results indicate that c-Raf-1 is an immediate upstream activator of MAPK-K in vivo, the first physiological substrate of the c-raf-l protooncogene product to be identified.