Journal ArticleDOI
Neurotrophin regulation of neural circuit development and function
Hyungju Park,Mu-ming Poo +1 more
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TLDR
Some of the recent progress in understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying neurotrophin regulation of neural circuits are summarized in this Review.Abstract:
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)--a member of a small family of secreted proteins that includes nerve growth factor, neurotrophin 3 and neurotrophin 4--has emerged as a key regulator of neural circuit development and function. The expression, secretion and actions of BDNF are directly controlled by neural activity, and secreted BDNF is capable of mediating many activity-dependent processes in the mammalian brain, including neuronal differentiation and growth, synapse formation and plasticity, and higher cognitive functions. This Review summarizes some of the recent progress in understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying neurotrophin regulation of neural circuits. The focus of the article is on BDNF, as this is the most widely expressed and studied neurotrophin in the mammalian brain.read more
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Chronic BDNF deficiency leads to an age-dependent impairment in spatial learning.
TL;DR: An age-dependent learning deficit in BDNF(+/-) animals is observed, starting at seven months of age, despite stable hippocampal BDNF protein expression and continual decline of TrkB receptor expression throughout aging.
Journal ArticleDOI
Antibiotic treatment-induced dysbiosis differently affects BDNF and TrkB expression in the brain and in the gut of juvenile mice.
Michela Bistoletti,Valentina Caputi,Valentina Caputi,Nicolò Baranzini,Nicoletta Marchesi,Viviana Filpa,Ilaria Marsilio,Silvia Cerantola,Genciana Terova,Andreina Baj,Annalisa Grimaldi,Alessia Pascale,Gianmario Frigo,Francesca Crema,Maria Cecilia Giron,Cristina Giaroni +15 more
TL;DR: The data suggest that dysbiosis differentially influences the expression of BDNF-TrkB in the juvenile mice ENS and CNS, and such changes may potentially contribute later to the development of functional gut disorders, such as IBS, showing psychiatric comorbidity.
Journal ArticleDOI
LTP at Hilar Mossy Cell-Dentate Granule Cell Synapses Modulates Dentate Gyrus Output by Increasing Excitation/Inhibition Balance
Yuki Hashimotodani,Kaoutsar Nasrallah,Kyle R. Jensen,Andrés E. Chávez,Daniel Carrera,Pablo E. Castillo +5 more
TL;DR: It is reported that MC-GC synapses undergo a presynaptic, NMDA-receptor-independent form of long-term potentiation (LTP) that requires postsynaptic brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/TrkB and Presynaptic cyclic AMP (cAMP)/PKA signaling and is input specific and selectively expressed at MC- GC synapses, but not at the disynaptic inhibitory loop.
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"I Am I and My Bacterial Circumstances": Linking Gut Microbiome, Neurodevelopment, and Depression.
TL;DR: The role played by the gut microbiome in neurodevelopment and in the etiology of the depressive syndrome is explored, including nutritional, immunological, and energy homeostasis approaches.
Journal ArticleDOI
Exercise-Induced Neuroprotection of the Nigrostriatal Dopamine System in Parkinson's Disease
TL;DR: Taken together, epidemiological studies, clinical observations, and animal research indicate that appropriately dosed physical activity and exercise may not only reduce the risk of developing PD in vulnerable populations but also benefit PD patients by potentially protecting the residual DA neurons or directly restoring the dysfunctional cortico-basal ganglia motor control circuit.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The BDNF val66met polymorphism affects activity-dependent secretion of BDNF and human memory and hippocampal function
Michael F. Egan,Masami Kojima,Masami Kojima,Joseph H. Callicott,Terry E. Goldberg,Bhaskar Kolachana,Alessandro Bertolino,Eugene Zaitsev,Bert Gold,David Goldman,Michael Dean,Bai Lu,Daniel R. Weinberger +12 more
TL;DR: A role is demonstrated for BDNF and its val/met polymorphism in human memory and hippocampal function and it is suggested val/ met exerts these effects by impacting intracellular trafficking and activity-dependent secretion of BDNF.
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The nerve growth factor 35 years later
TL;DR: The field of experimental embryology, which had been enthusiastically acclaimed in the mid-thirties, suffered from a sharp decrease in the enthusiasm that had inflamed the pioneers in this field, ever since R. G. Harrison delivered his celebrated lecture at the Royal Society in London in 1935.
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Synaptic Activity and the Construction of Cortical Circuits
Lawrence C. Katz,Carla J. Shatz +1 more
TL;DR: The sequential combination of spontaneously generated and experience-dependent neural activity endows the brain with an ongoing ability to accommodate to dynamically changing inputs during development and throughout life.
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Neurotrophins and their receptors: a convergence point for many signalling pathways.
TL;DR: Recent findings that neurotrophins, in addition to promoting survival and differentiation, exert various effects through surprising interactions with other receptors and ion channels are reviewed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Physiology of the neurotrophins
Gary R. Lewin,Yves-Alain Barde +1 more
TL;DR: Rapid actions of neurotrophin-3 on synaptic efficacy, as well as the regulation of their mRNAs by electrical activity, suggest that neurotrophins might play important roles in regulating neuronal connectivity in the developing and in the adult central nervous system.