Journal ArticleDOI
Neurotrophin regulation of neural circuit development and function
Hyungju Park,Mu-ming Poo +1 more
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TLDR
Some of the recent progress in understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying neurotrophin regulation of neural circuits are summarized in this Review.Abstract:
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)--a member of a small family of secreted proteins that includes nerve growth factor, neurotrophin 3 and neurotrophin 4--has emerged as a key regulator of neural circuit development and function. The expression, secretion and actions of BDNF are directly controlled by neural activity, and secreted BDNF is capable of mediating many activity-dependent processes in the mammalian brain, including neuronal differentiation and growth, synapse formation and plasticity, and higher cognitive functions. This Review summarizes some of the recent progress in understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying neurotrophin regulation of neural circuits. The focus of the article is on BDNF, as this is the most widely expressed and studied neurotrophin in the mammalian brain.read more
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Exercise induces hippocampal BDNF through a PGC-1α/FNDC5 pathway
Christiane D. Wrann,James P. White,John Salogiannnis,Dina Laznik-Bogoslavski,Jun Wu,Di Ma,Jiandie D. Lin,Michael E. Greenberg,Bruce M. Spiegelman +8 more
TL;DR: It is shown that FNDC5, a previously identified muscle protein that is induced in exercise and is cleaved and secreted as irisin, is also elevated by endurance exercise in the hippocampus of mice.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Central Nervous System and the Gut Microbiome
TL;DR: The biological intersection of neurodevelopment and the microbiome is discussed and the hypothesis that gut bacteria are integral contributors to development and function of the nervous system and the balance between mental health and disease is explored.
Journal ArticleDOI
BDNF: A Key Factor with Multipotent Impact on Brain Signaling and Synaptic Plasticity.
Przemysław Kowiański,Grazyna Lietzau,Ewelina Czuba,Monika Waśkow,Aleksandra Steliga,Janusz Moryś +5 more
TL;DR: The importance of BDNF for future studies aimed at disclosing mechanisms of activation of signaling pathways, neuro- and gliogenesis, as well as synaptic plasticity is highlighted.
Journal ArticleDOI
Photochemical Approaches to Complex Chemotypes: Applications in Natural Product Synthesis
TL;DR: This review aims at highlighting photochemical transformations as a tool for rapidly accessing structurally and stereochemically diverse scaffolds for complex polycyclic carbon skeletons with impressive efficiency, which are of high value in total synthesis.
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BDNF - a key transducer of antidepressant effects.
Carl Björkholm,Lisa M. Monteggia +1 more
TL;DR: Current data suggests that conventional antidepressants and ketamine mediate their antidepressant-like effects by increasing BDNF in forebrain regions, in particular the hippocampus, making BDNF an essential determinant of antidepressant efficacy.
References
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Neurotrophins Differentially Regulate Voltage-Gated Ion Channels
TL;DR: Each neurotrophin induced a unique pattern of expression of ionic currents despite similar activation of initial signal transduction events, suggesting each imposed a different excitable phenotype even when acting upon the same target cells.
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Regulation of NaV1.2 Channels by Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, TrkB, and Associated Fyn Kinase
TL;DR: Results indicate that Fyn kinase is associated with sodium channels in brain neurons and can modulate NaV1.2 channels by tyrosine phosphorylation after activation of TrkB/p75 signaling by BDNF.
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GABA B receptor activation mediates frequency-dependent plasticity of developing GABAergic synapses
TL;DR: Results indicate that postsynaptic GABABR activation mediates frequency-dependent potentiation of developing GABAergic synapses.
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Dendritic BDNF Synthesis Is Required for Late-Phase Spine Maturation and Recovery of Cortical Responses Following Sensory Deprivation
TL;DR: The results indicate that dendritic BDNF synthesis is required for spine pruning, late-phase spine maturation, and recovery of cortical responsiveness following sensory deprivation following Sensory experience in early postnatal life.
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Regulation of Quantal Secretion from Developing Motoneurons by Postsynaptic Activity-Dependent Release of NT-3
Jau-Cheng Liou,Wen-Mei Fu +1 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that muscle-derived NT-3 participates in the maturation of normal transmitter packets in developing neurons, and the secretion ofNT-3 depends on spontaneous synaptic activity.