Journal ArticleDOI
Neurotrophin regulation of neural circuit development and function
Hyungju Park,Mu-ming Poo +1 more
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TLDR
Some of the recent progress in understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying neurotrophin regulation of neural circuits are summarized in this Review.Abstract:
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)--a member of a small family of secreted proteins that includes nerve growth factor, neurotrophin 3 and neurotrophin 4--has emerged as a key regulator of neural circuit development and function. The expression, secretion and actions of BDNF are directly controlled by neural activity, and secreted BDNF is capable of mediating many activity-dependent processes in the mammalian brain, including neuronal differentiation and growth, synapse formation and plasticity, and higher cognitive functions. This Review summarizes some of the recent progress in understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying neurotrophin regulation of neural circuits. The focus of the article is on BDNF, as this is the most widely expressed and studied neurotrophin in the mammalian brain.read more
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Form follows function: BDNF and its involvement in sculpting the function and structure of synapses.
Marta Zagrebelsky,Martin Korte +1 more
TL;DR: What is known regarding the cellular mechanism mediating the activity of BDNF during functional and/or structural changes at neurons in order to promote synaptic plasticity is summarized.
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Neurotrophin signalling: novel insights into mechanisms and pathophysiology.
TL;DR: The mechanism of action of neurotrophins and how BDNF/tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) receptor signaling can dictate trophic responses and change brain plasticity through activity-dependent stimulation are reviewed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Enduring psychobiological effects of childhood adversity.
TL;DR: In this paper, a mini-review refers to recent findings on psychobiological long-term consequences of childhood trauma and adverse living conditions, which has to be explained under consideration of diverse physiological systems and developmental stages of childhood and adolescence.
Journal ArticleDOI
The bacterial peptidoglycan-sensing molecule Pglyrp2 modulates brain development and behavior.
Tim Arentsen,Yu Qian,Spyridon Gkotzis,Spyridon Gkotzis,Teresa Femenía,T. Wang,Klas I. Udekwu,Hans Forssberg,R. Diaz Heijtz +8 more
TL;DR: Bacterial peptidoglycan derived from the commensal gut microbiota can be translocated into the brain and sensed by specific pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) of the innate immune system, and the central activation of PRRs by microbial products could be one of the signaling pathways mediating the communication between the gut microbiota and the developing brain.
Journal ArticleDOI
Stress and CRF gate neural activation of BDNF in the mesolimbic reward pathway
Jessica J. Walsh,Allyson K. Friedman,HaoSheng Sun,Elizabeth A. Heller,Stacy M. Ku,Barbara Juarez,Veronica L. Burnham,Michelle S. Mazei-Robison,Deveroux Ferguson,Sam A. Golden,Ja Wook Koo,Dipesh Chaudhury,Daniel J. Christoffel,Lisa E. Pomeranz,Jeffrey M. Friedman,Scott J. Russo,Eric J. Nestler,Ming-Hu Han +17 more
TL;DR: It is reported that phasic optogenetic activation of this pathway increases BDNF amounts in the nucleus accumbens of socially stressed mice but not of stress-naive mice, unraveling a stress context–detecting function of the brain's mesolimbic circuit.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The BDNF val66met polymorphism affects activity-dependent secretion of BDNF and human memory and hippocampal function
Michael F. Egan,Masami Kojima,Masami Kojima,Joseph H. Callicott,Terry E. Goldberg,Bhaskar Kolachana,Alessandro Bertolino,Eugene Zaitsev,Bert Gold,David Goldman,Michael Dean,Bai Lu,Daniel R. Weinberger +12 more
TL;DR: A role is demonstrated for BDNF and its val/met polymorphism in human memory and hippocampal function and it is suggested val/ met exerts these effects by impacting intracellular trafficking and activity-dependent secretion of BDNF.
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The nerve growth factor 35 years later
TL;DR: The field of experimental embryology, which had been enthusiastically acclaimed in the mid-thirties, suffered from a sharp decrease in the enthusiasm that had inflamed the pioneers in this field, ever since R. G. Harrison delivered his celebrated lecture at the Royal Society in London in 1935.
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Synaptic Activity and the Construction of Cortical Circuits
Lawrence C. Katz,Carla J. Shatz +1 more
TL;DR: The sequential combination of spontaneously generated and experience-dependent neural activity endows the brain with an ongoing ability to accommodate to dynamically changing inputs during development and throughout life.
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Neurotrophins and their receptors: a convergence point for many signalling pathways.
TL;DR: Recent findings that neurotrophins, in addition to promoting survival and differentiation, exert various effects through surprising interactions with other receptors and ion channels are reviewed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Physiology of the neurotrophins
Gary R. Lewin,Yves-Alain Barde +1 more
TL;DR: Rapid actions of neurotrophin-3 on synaptic efficacy, as well as the regulation of their mRNAs by electrical activity, suggest that neurotrophins might play important roles in regulating neuronal connectivity in the developing and in the adult central nervous system.