Journal ArticleDOI
Neurotrophin regulation of neural circuit development and function
Hyungju Park,Mu-ming Poo +1 more
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TLDR
Some of the recent progress in understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying neurotrophin regulation of neural circuits are summarized in this Review.Abstract:
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)--a member of a small family of secreted proteins that includes nerve growth factor, neurotrophin 3 and neurotrophin 4--has emerged as a key regulator of neural circuit development and function. The expression, secretion and actions of BDNF are directly controlled by neural activity, and secreted BDNF is capable of mediating many activity-dependent processes in the mammalian brain, including neuronal differentiation and growth, synapse formation and plasticity, and higher cognitive functions. This Review summarizes some of the recent progress in understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying neurotrophin regulation of neural circuits. The focus of the article is on BDNF, as this is the most widely expressed and studied neurotrophin in the mammalian brain.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Pharmacological Bypass of Cockayne Syndrome B Function in Neuronal Differentiation
Yuming Wang,Jace Jones-Tabah,Probir Chakravarty,Aengus Stewart,Alysson R. Muotri,Rebecca R. Laposa,Jesper Q. Svejstrup +6 more
TL;DR: Cockayne syndrome (CS) is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by growth abnormalities, premature aging, and photosensitivity, and pharmacological mimics can compensate for CSB deficiency in cell models of neuronal differentiation as well as downregulated BDNF, indicating that sub-optimal neurotrophin signaling underlies neurological defects in CS.
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Metabolic homeostasis via BDNF and its receptors.
TL;DR: In this paper, a potential neurotrophin mediated energy regulatory axis was explored, where the two receptors, tropomyosin related kinase B (TrkB) and p75 NTR, even seem to functionally oppose one another's actions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neurobiology of Recovery of Motor Function after Stroke: The Central Nervous System Biomarker Effects of Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy.
TL;DR: From the studies reviewed, the biomarker effects identified include improved perfusion of motor areas and brain glucose metabolism; increased expression of proteins, namely, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, and Growth-Associated Protein 43 (GAP-43); and decreased level of Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid.
Journal ArticleDOI
The noradrenergic system is necessary for survival of vulnerable midbrain dopaminergic neurons: implications for development and Parkinson's disease.
Oum Kaltoum Hassani,Vladimir V. Rymar,Khanh Q. Nguyen,Lia Huo,Jean-François Cloutier,Freda D. Miller,Abbas F. Sadikot +6 more
TL;DR: A novel mechanism whereby LC afferents couple BDNF effects and NA activity to provide anterograde trophic support for vulnerable mDA neurons is proposed, which may contribute to degeneration of vulnerable neurons in PD and other neurodegenerative disorders.
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Maternal Obesity Alters Neurotrophin-Associated MAPK Signaling in the Hypothalamus of Male Mouse Offspring
Inga Bae-Gartz,Ruth Janoschek,Saida Breuer,Lisa Schmitz,Thorben Hoffmann,Nina Ferrari,Lena Branik,André Oberthuer,Cora-Sophia Kloppe,Sarah Appel,Christina Vohlen,Jörg Dötsch,Eva Hucklenbruch-Rother +12 more
TL;DR: A potential role for disturbed neurotrophin signaling and thus impaired neurogenesis, axogenesis, and synaptic plasticity in the pathogenesis of the offspring’s hypothalamic feeding network dysfunction due to maternal obesity is suggested.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The BDNF val66met polymorphism affects activity-dependent secretion of BDNF and human memory and hippocampal function
Michael F. Egan,Masami Kojima,Masami Kojima,Joseph H. Callicott,Terry E. Goldberg,Bhaskar Kolachana,Alessandro Bertolino,Eugene Zaitsev,Bert Gold,David Goldman,Michael Dean,Bai Lu,Daniel R. Weinberger +12 more
TL;DR: A role is demonstrated for BDNF and its val/met polymorphism in human memory and hippocampal function and it is suggested val/ met exerts these effects by impacting intracellular trafficking and activity-dependent secretion of BDNF.
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The nerve growth factor 35 years later
TL;DR: The field of experimental embryology, which had been enthusiastically acclaimed in the mid-thirties, suffered from a sharp decrease in the enthusiasm that had inflamed the pioneers in this field, ever since R. G. Harrison delivered his celebrated lecture at the Royal Society in London in 1935.
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Synaptic Activity and the Construction of Cortical Circuits
Lawrence C. Katz,Carla J. Shatz +1 more
TL;DR: The sequential combination of spontaneously generated and experience-dependent neural activity endows the brain with an ongoing ability to accommodate to dynamically changing inputs during development and throughout life.
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Neurotrophins and their receptors: a convergence point for many signalling pathways.
TL;DR: Recent findings that neurotrophins, in addition to promoting survival and differentiation, exert various effects through surprising interactions with other receptors and ion channels are reviewed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Physiology of the neurotrophins
Gary R. Lewin,Yves-Alain Barde +1 more
TL;DR: Rapid actions of neurotrophin-3 on synaptic efficacy, as well as the regulation of their mRNAs by electrical activity, suggest that neurotrophins might play important roles in regulating neuronal connectivity in the developing and in the adult central nervous system.