Journal ArticleDOI
Neurotrophin regulation of neural circuit development and function
Hyungju Park,Mu-ming Poo +1 more
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TLDR
Some of the recent progress in understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying neurotrophin regulation of neural circuits are summarized in this Review.Abstract:
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)--a member of a small family of secreted proteins that includes nerve growth factor, neurotrophin 3 and neurotrophin 4--has emerged as a key regulator of neural circuit development and function. The expression, secretion and actions of BDNF are directly controlled by neural activity, and secreted BDNF is capable of mediating many activity-dependent processes in the mammalian brain, including neuronal differentiation and growth, synapse formation and plasticity, and higher cognitive functions. This Review summarizes some of the recent progress in understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying neurotrophin regulation of neural circuits. The focus of the article is on BDNF, as this is the most widely expressed and studied neurotrophin in the mammalian brain.read more
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Exercise induces hippocampal BDNF through a PGC-1α/FNDC5 pathway
Christiane D. Wrann,James P. White,John Salogiannnis,Dina Laznik-Bogoslavski,Jun Wu,Di Ma,Jiandie D. Lin,Michael E. Greenberg,Bruce M. Spiegelman +8 more
TL;DR: It is shown that FNDC5, a previously identified muscle protein that is induced in exercise and is cleaved and secreted as irisin, is also elevated by endurance exercise in the hippocampus of mice.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Central Nervous System and the Gut Microbiome
TL;DR: The biological intersection of neurodevelopment and the microbiome is discussed and the hypothesis that gut bacteria are integral contributors to development and function of the nervous system and the balance between mental health and disease is explored.
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BDNF: A Key Factor with Multipotent Impact on Brain Signaling and Synaptic Plasticity.
Przemysław Kowiański,Grazyna Lietzau,Ewelina Czuba,Monika Waśkow,Aleksandra Steliga,Janusz Moryś +5 more
TL;DR: The importance of BDNF for future studies aimed at disclosing mechanisms of activation of signaling pathways, neuro- and gliogenesis, as well as synaptic plasticity is highlighted.
Journal ArticleDOI
Photochemical Approaches to Complex Chemotypes: Applications in Natural Product Synthesis
TL;DR: This review aims at highlighting photochemical transformations as a tool for rapidly accessing structurally and stereochemically diverse scaffolds for complex polycyclic carbon skeletons with impressive efficiency, which are of high value in total synthesis.
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BDNF - a key transducer of antidepressant effects.
Carl Björkholm,Lisa M. Monteggia +1 more
TL;DR: Current data suggests that conventional antidepressants and ketamine mediate their antidepressant-like effects by increasing BDNF in forebrain regions, in particular the hippocampus, making BDNF an essential determinant of antidepressant efficacy.
References
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Activity-dependent transfer of brain-derived neurotrophic factor to postsynaptic neurons.
TL;DR: Fluorescent puncta representing BDNF moved in axons in the anterograde direction, though some moved retrogradely, and transferred to postsynaptic neurons in an activity-dependent manner.
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Deletion of TrkB in adult progenitors alters newborn neuron integration into hippocampal circuits and increases anxiety-like behavior
TL;DR: Because of the specific lack of TrkB signaling in recently generated neurons a remarkably increased anxiety-like behavior was observed in mice carrying the mutation, emphasizing the contribution of adult neurogenesis in regulating mood-related behavior.
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Neurotrophins Induce Formation of Functional Excitatory and Inhibitory Synapses between Cultured Hippocampal Neurons
TL;DR: A unique and differential role for neurotrophins in the formation of excitatory and inhibitory synapses in the developing hippocampus is supported.
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BDNF enhances the differentiation but not the survival of CNS stem cell- derived neuronal precursors
TL;DR: It is suggested that BDNF markedly enhances the antigenic and morphologic differentiation of EGF-generated neuronal precursors and is not sufficient for preventing their death over time.
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LKB1/STRAD Promotes Axon Initiation During Neuronal Polarization
TL;DR: Local LKB1/STRAD accumulation and PKA-dependent L KB1 phosphorylation represents an early signal for axon initiation in cultured hippocampal neurons.