Journal ArticleDOI
Neurotrophin regulation of neural circuit development and function
Hyungju Park,Mu-ming Poo +1 more
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TLDR
Some of the recent progress in understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying neurotrophin regulation of neural circuits are summarized in this Review.Abstract:
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)--a member of a small family of secreted proteins that includes nerve growth factor, neurotrophin 3 and neurotrophin 4--has emerged as a key regulator of neural circuit development and function. The expression, secretion and actions of BDNF are directly controlled by neural activity, and secreted BDNF is capable of mediating many activity-dependent processes in the mammalian brain, including neuronal differentiation and growth, synapse formation and plasticity, and higher cognitive functions. This Review summarizes some of the recent progress in understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying neurotrophin regulation of neural circuits. The focus of the article is on BDNF, as this is the most widely expressed and studied neurotrophin in the mammalian brain.read more
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Exercise induces hippocampal BDNF through a PGC-1α/FNDC5 pathway
Christiane D. Wrann,James P. White,John Salogiannnis,Dina Laznik-Bogoslavski,Jun Wu,Di Ma,Jiandie D. Lin,Michael E. Greenberg,Bruce M. Spiegelman +8 more
TL;DR: It is shown that FNDC5, a previously identified muscle protein that is induced in exercise and is cleaved and secreted as irisin, is also elevated by endurance exercise in the hippocampus of mice.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Central Nervous System and the Gut Microbiome
TL;DR: The biological intersection of neurodevelopment and the microbiome is discussed and the hypothesis that gut bacteria are integral contributors to development and function of the nervous system and the balance between mental health and disease is explored.
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BDNF: A Key Factor with Multipotent Impact on Brain Signaling and Synaptic Plasticity.
Przemysław Kowiański,Grazyna Lietzau,Ewelina Czuba,Monika Waśkow,Aleksandra Steliga,Janusz Moryś +5 more
TL;DR: The importance of BDNF for future studies aimed at disclosing mechanisms of activation of signaling pathways, neuro- and gliogenesis, as well as synaptic plasticity is highlighted.
Journal ArticleDOI
Photochemical Approaches to Complex Chemotypes: Applications in Natural Product Synthesis
TL;DR: This review aims at highlighting photochemical transformations as a tool for rapidly accessing structurally and stereochemically diverse scaffolds for complex polycyclic carbon skeletons with impressive efficiency, which are of high value in total synthesis.
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BDNF - a key transducer of antidepressant effects.
Carl Björkholm,Lisa M. Monteggia +1 more
TL;DR: Current data suggests that conventional antidepressants and ketamine mediate their antidepressant-like effects by increasing BDNF in forebrain regions, in particular the hippocampus, making BDNF an essential determinant of antidepressant efficacy.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Patterned activity, synaptic convergence, and the NMDA receptor in developing visual pathways
TL;DR: Article de synthese a propos de l'existence d'une association entre la transmission par l'activation des recepteurs NMDA and les contacts explorateurs entre les neurones en developpement, pour definir une plasticite plus prononcee au niveau de certaines regions du cerveau.
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Activation of p75NTR by proBDNF facilitates hippocampal long-term depression
Newton H. Woo,Henry K. Teng,Chia-Jen Siao,Cristina Chiaruttini,Petti T. Pang,Teresa A. Milner,Barbara L. Hempstead,Bai Lu +7 more
TL;DR: It is reported that proBDNF, by activating p75NTR, facilitates hippocampal long-term depression (LTD) and the finding that mature BDNF promotes synaptic potentiation, suggest a bidirectional regulation of synaptic plasticity by proBD NF and matureBDNF.
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Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and antidepressant drugs have different but coordinated effects on neuronal turnover, proliferation, and survival in the adult dentate gyrus.
TL;DR: It is observed that chronic treatment with imipramine or fluoxetine produced a temporally similar increase in both BrdU-positive and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated biotinylated UTP nick end-labeled neurons in the dentate gyrus, indicating that these drugs simultaneously increase both neurogenesis and neuronal elimination.
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The trkB tyrosine protein kinase gene codes for a second neurogenic receptor that lacks the catalytic kinase domain.
TL;DR: It is reported that the mouse trkB locus codes for at least two classes of receptor-like molecules, and it is illustrated that a tyrosine protein kinase locus can code for two structurally and functionally distinct cellular receptors.
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Nerve growth factor activates a Ras-dependent protein kinase that stimulates c-fos transcription via phosphorylation of CREB
TL;DR: Findings suggest that CREB has a more widespread function than previously believed and functions in the nucleus as a general mediator of growth factor responses.